Albert II dari Monako: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{| class="infobox" style="float:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em;font-size:90%;clear:right;" cellspacing="5"
|+ style="text-align:center; font-size:larger;" | '''His Serene Highness Prince Albert II'''
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| colspan="2" style="padding-bottom:1em;text-align:center;" | [[Image:Prince Albert of Monaco.jpg]]
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| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;" | '''Reign'''
| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;" | [[6 April]], [[2005]] - Present
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| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;" | '''Investiture'''
| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;" | [[19 November]], [[2005]]
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| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;" | '''Predecessor'''
| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;" | [[Rainier III, Prince of Monaco|Rainier III of Monaco]]
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| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;" | '''Heir Presumptive'''
| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;" | [[Caroline, Princess of Hanover]]
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| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;" | '''Isteri'''
| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;" | masih sendiri
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| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;" | '''Isu'''
| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;" | Tak jelas; [[Alexandre Coste]]
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| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;" | '''Royal House'''
| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;" | [[House of Grimaldi|Grimaldi]]
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| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;" | '''Ayah'''
| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;" | [[Rainier III, Prince of Monaco|Rainier III of Monaco]]
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| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;" | '''Ibu'''
| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;" | [[Grace Kelly]]
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| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right;" | '''Lahir'''
| style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;" | [[14 Maret]], [[1958]]<br /> [[Palais Princier]], [[Monako]]
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{{Monegasque Princely Family}}
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'''Albert II, Pangeran Mulia dari Monako''' (Albert Alexandre Louis Pierre Grimaldi; lahir [[14 Maret]] [[1958]]), gelar '''''His Serene Highness The [[Pangeran Monako]],''''' adalah kepala [[Keluarga Grimaldi]] dan pejabat [[Princip]] [[Monako]].
Ia adalah anak kedua dan putra satu-satunya dari [[Rainier III dari Monako]] dan istri dari [[Amerika Serikat]] yang bintang film [[Grace Kelly]]. Ia menjadi pangeran setelah kematian ayahnya pada [[6 April]] [[2005]]. <!--Prior to that, he had been the [[heir apparent]], carrying the titles of HSH the [[Hereditary Prince of Monaco]] and [[Marquis of Baux]]; after his father became increasingly ill in early 2005, he was appointed [[regent]], in which capacity he served for a week during the last days of his father's life.
== Early life ==
Born in [[Monaco]], Albert attended the Albert I High School, graduating with distinction in [[1976]]. He spent a year training in various princely duties, and enrolled at [[Amherst College]] in [[Massachusetts]] in [[1977]] as Albert Grimaldi, studying [[political science]], [[economics]], [[music]], and [[English literature]], and also joined [[Chi Psi]] fraternity. He spent the summer of [[1979]] touring [[Europe]] and the [[Middle East]] with the Amherst [[Glee Club]] and graduated in [[1981]] with a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree in [[political science]].
[[Image:Albert of Monaco.jpg|thumb|left|155px|Hereditary Prince Albert speaking at the [[United Nations]] in [[2001]]]]
During school, Albert was an enthusiastic athlete, participating in [[cross country running|cross country]], [[javelin]], [[handball]], [[judo]], [[swimming]], [[tennis]], [[Sport rowing|rowing]], [[sailing]], [[skiing]], [[squash]] and [[fencing]]. He is a patron of Monaco's [[football (soccer)|football]] teams. He competed in the [[bobsled]] at the [[1988 Winter Olympics|1988]], [[1992 Winter Olympics|1992]], [[1994 Winter Olympics|1994]], [[1998 Winter Olympics|1998]], and [[2002 Winter Olympics]]. He has been a member of the [[International Olympic Committee]] since 1985. The press reported the prince refused any special treatment during his Olympic stints, and lived in the same bare-bones quarters as all the other athletes.
On [[25 October]] [[2002]], Albert visited [[Miami, Florida]] for a [[World Olympians Association]] fund-raiser at the Biltmore Hotel in [[Coral Gables]]. The group's mission was to have the 100,000 Olympians get involved with their communities and talk to young athletes about dedication and training.
== Regency ==
On [[March 7]], [[2005]], [[Rainier III, Prince of Monaco|Rainier]] was admitted to a hospital in the principality and on [[March 22]] he was moved to intensive care. The Prince was being treated for breathing, kidney, and heart trouble. On [[March 31]], [[2005]], the Palace of Monaco announced that Prince Albert would take over the duties of his father as [[Regent]] since [[Rainier III, Prince of Monaco|Rainier]] was no longer able to exercise his royal functions. The 47-year-old prince spent his first day as regent of Monaco caring for his critically ill 81-year-old father, who was Europe’s longest-serving living monarch.
== Accession ==
[[Image:Albertii.gif|left|]]
On [[April 6]], [[2005]], Hereditary Prince Albert became Albert II, Sovereign Prince of Monaco, upon the death of [[Rainier III, Prince of Monaco|Prince Rainier III]].
The first part of Prince Albert II's enthroning as ruler of the Principality of Monaco was on [[July 12]], [[2005]], after the end of the three-month [[mourning]] period for his father. A morning Mass at Saint Nicholas Cathedral led by the archbishop of Monaco, Monsignor [[Bernard Barsi]], formally marked the beginning of his reign. After the mass, Prince Albert II returned to the royal palace to host a garden party for 7,000 Monegasques born in the principality. In the courtyard of the royal palace, the Prince was presented with two keys of the city as a symbol of his investiture. The evening ended with a spectacular fireworks display on the waterfront.
The second part of his coronation was on [[November 19]], [[2005]]. Albert was enthroned at Saint Nicholas Cathedral. His family was there in attendance, including his elder sister (and now heir) [[Caroline, Princess of Hanover|Princess Caroline]] with her husband [[Ernst August V, Prince of Hanover|Ernst of Hannover]] and three of her four children, [[Andrea Casiraghi| Andrea]], [[Pierre Casiraghi|Pierre]] and [[Charlotte Casiraghi| Charlotte]]; as well as his younger sister [[Princess Stéphanie of Monaco| Princess Stéphanie]] and his paternal aunt [[Princess Antoinette, Baroness of Massy|Princess Antoinette]]. Royalty from 16 delegations was present, and there were big festivities in the country. The evening ended with an opera performance in [[Monte-Carlo]].
== Controversy ==
=== Bachelorhood ===
Over the years, there has been much discussion of the prince's continued bachelor status. Though he has received much press attention for dating well-known fashion models and actresses, including [[Angie Everhart]] and [[Claudia Schiffer]], as well as [[Victoria Zdrok]] (who has been both a [[Playboy]] Playmate and a [[Penthouse magazine|Penthouse]] Pet), his apparent disinclination to marry gave rise to rumors that he is [[gay]], and merely engaged in superficial, sham dating. Prince Albert has consistently denied this suggestion, most notably in a [[1994]] interview published in the French magazine ''[[Madame Figaro]]''. "At first it was amusing," he said, "but it becomes very irritating in the long term to hear people say that I am homosexual." {{ref|note1}} The birth of Alexandre Coste and the official confirmation he is Prince Albert's child put many of the gay theories to rest.
In October 2005, German magazine [[Bunte]] reports that Prince Albert is dating [[Telma Ortiz]], a sister-in-law of Spain's [[Felipe, Prince of Asturias|Crown Prince Felipe]]. However, in November, 2005 the Prince has instructed his lawyer, Thierry Lacoste to commence legal proceedings against French newspaper France Dimanche for violation of privacy and false information regarding the story.
On [[February 10]], [[2006]], at the [[2006 Winter Olympics Opening Ceremony|opening ceremony]] of the [[2006 Winter Olympics]], Prince Albert was accompanied by former South African Olympic swimmer [[Charlene Wittstock]].
=== Paternity suits ===
In 1992, a California woman, [[Tamara Rotolo|Tamara J. Rotolo]], filed a paternity suit against the prince, claiming that he was the father of her illegitimate daughter, whom she named [[Jazmin Grace Grimaldi]]. However, the case, which went to trial in 1993, eventually was dismissed by Superior Court Judge Graham Anderson Cribbs, who claimed that there was "insufficient contact between Albert and the state of California to justify hearing a suit there" ([[Evening Standard]], [[March 24]], [[1993]], page 20), agreeing with an assertion by the prince's lawyer, [[Stanley Arkin]], that the California court had no jurisdiction. In court papers, Prince Albert admitted that he had been with Tamara Rotolo in [[Monaco]] on "a couple of occasions" in July [[1991]]. (The child had been born approximately nine months later, on [[March 4]], [[1992]].) As reported by a local newspaper covering the case, "Arkin asserted that the Riverside County court had no jurisdiction in the case since the romantic encounter supposedly occurred in Monaco and Albert has had no contacts with California that relate to the issues in the suit." {{ref|note2}} Prince Albert has not agreed to Rotolo's request that he take a paternity test.
An earlier paternity suit, brought by [[Bea Fiedler]], a German topless model whom the [[Daily Telegraph]] described as a "sex-film star", reportedly also was dismissed. A blood test, which was refused by the judge, did not prove that the prince was not the father of Fiedler's son, Daniel. {{ref|note3}}
=== Illegitimate son ===
[[Image:Alexandre coste.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Albert's ex-girlfriend, Nicole Coste, and their son, Alexandre, on the cover of ''[[Paris Match]]'']]
In May [[2005]], [[Nicole Coste]], a former [[Air France]] [[flight attendant]] from [[Togo]], claimed that her youngest son, [[Alexandre Coste|Alexandre]] is Prince Albert's son, proven by [[DNA]] tests conducted by technicians working on orders from the Monegasque government. She further claimed the prince had signed a notarized certificate confirming paternity but that she had not received a copy of it. The French weekly ''[[Paris Match]]'' published a ten-page interview with Coste and included photographs of the prince holding and feeding Alexandre. Coste also told ''Paris Match'' that she is presently living in the prince's Paris apartment, has been receiving an allowance from him while pretending to be the girlfriend of one of his friends in order to maintain privacy. She also said that the prince had last seen Alexandre in February [[2005]]. A spokesman for Prince Albert had no comment, though upon news of Coste's claims, the prince's lawyer, Thierry Lacoste, announced that "A judicial strategy will be determined within the next few days."
In mid May 2005, Lacoste announced that as a result of the international publicity over the revelations of the prince's son, Prince Albert is suing the ''[[Daily Mail]]'', ''[[Bunte]]'', and ''[[Paris Match]]'' for delving too deeply into his private life.
On [[July 6]], [[2005]], a few days before he was enthroned on [[July 12]], Albert II officially confirmed via his lawyer Thierry Lacoste that 22 month-old Alexandre Coste is his son. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4656797.stm].
== Succession issues ==
As Prince Albert has yet to marry, his lack of legitimate children became a matter of public and political concern, due to the possibility that there might be no successors to the throne upon his death. Monaco's constitution specifies that only "direct and legitimate" descendants can assume the throne. Albert's illegitimate son, Alexandre, could be legitimated via legislation or if Albert marries the boy's mother, however, he has so far refused to do either. On [[April 2]], [[2002]] Monaco passed Princely Law 1.249 which provides that if a reigning prince dies without surviving legitimate issue, the throne would pass to his siblings and their descendants under the rule of male-preference [[primogeniture]]. Before this change, the crown could pass to a direct male descendant of the reigning prince only, making Albert's sisters ineligible. This change made the extinction of the Grimaldi dynasty less likely. (This did not arise in Rainier's case, as he succeeded his maternal grandfather, not an uncle.)
[[Caroline, Princess of Hanover]], follows Albert as [[heir presumptive|heiress presumptive]] in the [[Line of succession to the Monegasque Throne|line of succession to the Monegasque throne]]. Though she is only the heiress-presumptive and not heiress-apparent, in the constitution, the title Hereditary Prince or Princess is not reserved for heirs-apparent. Thus, Caroline is Hereditary Princess, and her son, Andrea, is currently second in line to the throne.
== Titles ==
Albert has held two positions from birth:
*''His Serene Highness'' The [[Hereditary Prince of Monaco]], [[Marquis of Baux]] (1958-2005)
*''His Most Serene Highness'' The [[Sovereign Prince of Monaco]] (2005-) [http://www.news24.com/News24/World/News/0,,2-10-1462_1686106,00.html]
As Prince, his official shortened title is '''[[His Most Serene Highness]] Albert II, Sovereign Prince of Monaco'''; this does not include the many other styles claimed by the Grimaldi family (see [[Sovereign Prince of Monaco]] for a complete list of titles).
==References==
# {{note|note1}} "[[Madame Figaro]]", 1994; reported in [[Daily Mail]], [[August 13]], [[1994]], page 17.
# {{note|note2}} "[[Riverside Press-Enterprise]]", [[March 13]], [[1993]], page BO2
# {{note|note3}} "Bea in His Bonnet," "[[Daily Telegraph]]", [[July 29]], [[1987]]. Also "[[Sunday Mirror]]", [[March 8]], [[1998]], pages 1+
==External links==
*[http://www.genealogics.org/pedigree.php?generations=7&display=compact&personID=I00009249&tree=LEO&parentset=0 Prince Albert Ancestry Chart]
*[http://www.familyforest.com/Prince_Albert_1.html Prince Albert Family Ties Chart]
*[http://holiday.monacoeye.com/grimaldi/grimaldi.html Photo of Prince Albert inspecting Guard outside Palace on day of Accession]
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| rowspan=2 align="center" width="30%" | Preceded by:<br>'''[[Rainier III, Prince of Monaco|Rainier III]]'''
| align="center" width="40%" | '''[[List of Rulers of Monaco|Sovereign Prince of Monaco]]<br>[[Duke of Valentinois]]'''<br>[[2005]]–Present
| rowspan=2 align="center" width="30%" | Succeeded by:<br>'''Incumbent'''
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| align="center" width="40%" | '''[[Marquis of Baux]]'''<br>[[1958]]–Present
|-
| rowspan=2 align="center" width="30%" | Preceded by:<br>'''[[Caroline, Princess of Hanover|Princess Caroline of Hanover]]'''
| align="center" width="40%" | '''[[Hereditary Prince of Monaco]]'''<br>[[1958]]–[[2005]]
| align="center" width="30%" | Succeeded by:<br>'''[[Caroline, Princess of Hanover|Princess Caroline of Hanover]]'''
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[[kategori:Kelahiran 1958]]
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