Nelson Mandela: Perbedaan antara revisi
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=== Kondisi kesehatan dan kematian: 2011–2013 ===
[[Berkas:Madiba's house 3.jpg|jmpl|Sekumpulan orang sedang memberikan penghormatan terakhir kepada Mandela di depan rumahnya]]
Bulan Februari 2011, ia sempat diinapkan di rumah sakit akibat [[infeksi pernapasan]]<ref>{{harvnb|Battersby|2011|p=607}}; {{cite web|url=http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Nelson-Mandela-breathing-on-his-own-20110128|title=Nelson Mandela 'breathing on his own'|date=18 January|publisher=News 24|accessdate=30 January|archivedate=2013-02-25|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EhSmCBmZ?url=http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Nelson-Mandela-breathing-on-his-own-20110128|deadurl=yes}}</ref> sebelum diinapkan kembali akibat infeksi paru-paru dan pengangkatan [[batu empedu]] pada Desember 2012.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mandela Has Lung Infection, South African Officials Say|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/12/11/nelson-mandela-in-hospital_n_2276365.html|work=The Huffington Post|agency=Associated Press|date=11 December 2012|author=Jon Gambrell|archivedate=2013-02-25|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EhSu8BsQ?url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/12/11/nelson-mandela-in-hospital_n_2276365.html|deadurl=no|accessdate=11 December 2012}}; {{cite news|title=Mandela Has Surgery for Gallstones|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/16/world/africa/mandela-has-surgery-to-remove-gallstones.html?partner=rss&emc=rss&smid=tw-nytimes&_r=0|work=The New York Times|accessdate=15 December 2012|archivedate=25 February 2013|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6EhSuaglG|deadurl=no}}</ref> Setelah prosedur medis berhasil pada awal Maret 2013,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ctvnews.ca/world/nelson-mandela-94-responding-positively-to-treatment-in-hospital-1.1214585 |title=Nelson Mandela, 94, responding positively to treatment in hospital | CTV News |publisher=Ctvnews.ca |date=2013-03-28 |accessdate=2013-06-10}}</ref> infeksi paru-parunya kambuh kembali dan ia dilarikan ke rumah sakit di Pretoria.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nelson Mandela arrives home in ambulans|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/nelson-mandela/9976102/Nelson-Mandela-arrives-home-in-ambulance.html|publisher=The Telegraph|accessdate=6 April 2013|archive-date=2020-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725193903/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/nelson-mandela/9976102/Nelson-Mandela-arrives-home-in-ambulance.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
Pada 8 Juni 2013, infeksi paru-parunya memburuk dan ia dilarikan kembali ke rumah sakit Pretoria dalam keadaan serius.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nelson Mandela hospitalized in serious condition|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/08/world/africa/south-africa-mandela-sick/index.html|publisher=CNN|accessdate=8 June 2013|date=8 June 2013}}</ref> Setelah empat hari, dilaporkan bahwa ia stabil dan berada dalam "kondisi serius namun stabil".<ref>{{cite news|title=Nelson Mandela still in 'serious, but stable condition'|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22851404|work=[[BBC News]]|accessdate=11 June 2013}}</ref> Dalam perjalanan ke rumah sakit, [[ambulans]]nya mogok dan terjebak di pinggir jalan selama 40 menit; pemerintah Afrika Selatan dikritik atas insiden tersebut setelah mengonfirmasi laporannya beberapa minggu kemudian, tetapi Presiden Jacob Zuma melawan balik bahwa "Ada tujuh dokter di konvoi tersebut yang memegang kendali penuh atas situasi waktu itu. Ia mendapatkan perawatan medis dari para ahli."<ref name=NYT-23-06-13>{{cite news|last=Walsh|first=Declan|title=Mandela’s Condition Now Said to Be 'Critical'|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/24/world/africa/mandelas-condition-now-said-to-be-critical.html?hp&_r=0|accessdate=23 June 2013|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=23 June 2013}}</ref>
Pada tanggal 22 Juni 2013, [[CBS News]] menyatakan bahwa ia belum membuka mata berhari-hari dan tidak responsif, dan keluarganya membahas betapa banyak intervensi medis yang harus diberikan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mandela's ambulans broke down, stranding him for 40 minutes|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-18563_162-57590542/nelson-mandela-unresponsive-family-discussing-options/|publisher=CBS News|accessdate=22 June 2013}}</ref> Tanggal 23 Juni 2013, Presiden Jacob Zuma merilis pernyataan bahwa kondisi Mandela semakin "[[keadaan medis#kritis|kritis]]".<ref>{{cite web|title=Nelson Mandela's Condition Becomes Critical|url=http://news.sky.com/story/1107304/nelson-mandelas-condition-becomes-critical|publisher=Sky News|accessdate=23 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Karimi|first1=Faith|last2=Norgaard|first2=Kim|title=Nelson Mandela in critical condition, South Africa's presidency says|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/23/world/africa/south-africa-mandela/index.html|accessdate=23 June 2013|newspaper=[[CNN]]|date=June 23, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= Nelson Mandela in critical condition|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2013/06/201362320023466697.html|accessdate=23 June 2013|newspaper=[[Al Jazeera]]|date=June 23, 2013}}</ref> Zuma, ditemani Wakil Presiden ANC, [[Cyril Ramaphosa]], bertemu istri Mandela Graça Machel di rumah sakit di Pretoria dan membahas kondisinya.<ref>{{cite web|author=Associated Press |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/south-african-presidency-says-condition-of-nelson-mandela-has-become-critical/2013/06/23/b20abd80-dc3f-11e2-a484-7b7f79cd66a1_story.html |title=South Africa: Anti-apartheid leader Nelson Mandela’s condition has turned critical |publisher=The Washington Post |date= |accessdate=2013-06-24|archiveurl=http://archive.is/jQufx|archivedate=2013-06-24}}</ref> Tanggal 25 Juni, Uskup Agung Cape Town [[Thabo Makgoba]] menjenguk Mandela di rumah sakit dan berdoa bersama Graça Machel Mandela "pada waktu sulit untuk menyaksikan dan menunggu".<ref>
Pada 5 Desember 2013, Mandela meninggal dunia pada usia 95 tahun. Ia meninggal pada pukul 20.50 [[Waktu Standar Afrika Selatan|waktu setempat]] (UTC+2) di rumahnya yang terletak di [[Houghton Estate|Houghton]], [[Johannesburg]], dan dikelilingi oleh keluarganya.<ref name="BBCD">{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-25249520|title=South Africa's Nelson Mandela dies in Johannesburg|date=5 Desember 2013|publisher=[[BBC News]]|accessdate=5 December 2013}}</ref> Secara publik Zuma mengumumkan kematiannya melalui televisi.<ref name="BBCD" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/06/world/africa/nelson-mandela.html?_r=0|title=Mandela's Death Leaves South Africa Without Its Moral Center|publisher=''The New York Times''|author=Polgreen, Lydia|date=5 December 2013|accessdate=5 Desember 2013}}</ref> Jasad Mandela disemayamkan pada tanggal 11 hingga 13 Desember di [[Union Buildings]] dan [[pemakaman kenegaraan]] dilaksanakan pada 15 Desember di Qunu.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pillay|first=Verashni|title=Mandela's memorial service to be held on December 10|url=http://mg.co.za/article/2013-12-06-mandelas-memorial-service-to-be-held-on-december-10|accessdate=6 Desember 2013|newspaper=Mail & Guardian|date=6 Desember 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Vecchiatto|first1=Paul|last2=Stone|first2=Setumo|last3=Magubane|first3=Khulekani|title=Nelson Mandela to be laid to rest on December 15|url=http://www.bdlive.co.za/national/2013/12/06/nelson-mandela-to-be-laid-to-rest-on-december-15|accessdate=6 Desember 2013|newspaper=Business Day|date=6 Desember 2013}}</ref> Rumah Mandela senilai $4.1 juta diserahkan kepada isterinya, anggota keluarga lain, staf, dan institusi pendidikan.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/world/worldnow/la-fg-wn-nelson-mandela-will-20140203,0,4680742.story#axzz2sQBBY0OC|title=Nelson Mandela leaves $4.1-million estate to family, staff, schools|author=Robyn Dixon|publisher=''Los Angeles Times''|date=3 Februari 2014}}</ref>
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