Pembicaraan:Psikologi: Perbedaan antara revisi

:* '''PARAPSYCHOLOGY is the branch of psychology''' that studies a group of phenomena collectively known as psi, a term referring to the transfer of information or energy that cannot be explained by known physical or biological mechanisms. Psi phenomena include extrasensory perception (ESP), the acquisition of information without mediation by the sensory system(s), and psychokinesis (PK), action with mediation by the motor system. ESP, in turn, is manifested by telepathy (thought transference), clairvoyance (perception of objects that are not present in the sensory field), precognition (perception of future events), and postcognition (the perception, as opposed to the memory, of past events). '''Parapsychology is a branch of psychology''' because the phenomena it studies are mental (e.g., perceptual) or behavioral in nature. It should be understood at the outset that psi phenomena might well be explained in terms of normal processes. Thus, what appears to be clairvoyance might simply reflect an individual’s high degree of sensory acuity: what appears to be telepathy might reflect cues inadvertently transmitted by one person and unconsciously pickedup by another; what appears to be precognition might merely be coincidence: and what appears to be psychokinesis might be a product of simple fraud. Most psychologists incline toward these sorts of explanations for ostensibly paranormal phenomena (Kihlstrom, 2000).