Iran: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Iran infobox}}

 

 

Iran berbatasan dengan [[Azerbaijan]] (500 km), dan [[Armenia]] (35 km) di barat laut, dan [[Laut Kaspia]] di utara, [[Turkmenistan]] (1000 km) di timur laut, [[Pakistan]] (909 km), dan [[Afganistan]] (936 km) di timur, [[Turki]] (500 km), dan [[Irak]] (1.458 km) di barat, dan perairan [[Teluk Persia]], dan [[Teluk Oman]] di selatan.

[[Perpustakaan Kongres]] mengeluarkan perkiraan yang sedikit berbeda: Persia 65% (termasuk Mazenderanis, Gilaks dan talysh), Azerbaijan 16%, Kurdi 7%, Lur 6%, [[Suku Baloch|Baluchi]] 2%; kelompok-kelompok suku Turki seperti [[Suku Qashqai|Qashqai]] 1%, dan Turkmen 1%; dan non-Iran, kelompok non-Turki seperti Armenia, Georgia, Asiria, Sirkasia, dan Arab kurang dari 3%. Ini ditentukan bahwa Persia adalah bahasa pertama minimal 65% dari penduduk negara itu, dan merupakan bahasa kedua bagi sebagian besar 35% sisanya.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/cs/pdf/CS_Iran.pdf#27 |title=Country Profile: Iran |publisher=[[Federal Research Division]], [[Library of Congress]] |location=Washington, D.C. |date=May 2008 |page=xxvi |format=PDF |accessdate=9 June 2014}}</ref>

 

Estimasi non-pemerintah lainnya mengenai kelompok selain Persia dan Azerbaijan secara kasar ''congruate'' dengan The World Factbook dan Perpustakaan Kongres. Namun, banyak estimasi ilmiah dan organisasi mengenai jumlah kedua kelompok berbeda secara signifikan dari sensus disebutkan. Menurut banyak dari mereka, jumlah etnis Azerbaijan di Iran terdiri antara 21,6-30% dari total penduduk, dengan mayoritas pada 25%.{{ref|New America Foundation|c}}<ref name="New America Foundation">{{cite news|url=http://www.terrorfreetomorrow.org/upimagestft/TFT%20Iran%20Survey%20Report%200609.pdf|title=Results a new nationwide public opinion survey of Iran |publisher=[[New America Foundation]] |date= June 12, 2009 |accessdate=13 August 2013}}</ref>{{ref|Minority Rights|d}}<ref name="Minority Rights">{{cite news|url=http://www.minorityrights.org/?lid=5096|title=Azeris |publisher=[[Minority Rights Group International]] |year= 2009 |accessdate=16 October 2013}}</ref><ref>* Shaffer, Brenda (2003). Borders and Brethren: Iran and the Challenge of Azerbaijani Identity. MIT Press. pp. 221–225. ISBN 0-262-19477-5 "There is considerable lack of consensus regarding the number of Azerbaijanis in Iran ... Most conventional estimates of the Azerbaijani population range between one-fifth to one-third of the general population of Iran, the majority claiming one-fourth." – "Azerbaijani student groups in Iran claim that there are 27 million Azerbaijanis residing in Iran."

* Minahan, James (2002). Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 1765. ISBN 978-0-313-32384-3 "Approximately (2002e) 18,500,000 Southern Azeris in Iran, concentrated in the northwestern provinces of East and West Azerbaijan. It is difficult to determine the exact number of Southern Azeris in Iran, as official statistics are not published detailing Iran's ethnic structure. Estimates of the Southern Azeri population range from as low as 12 million up to 40% of the population of Iran – that is, nearly 27 million..."</ref><ref>Rasmus Christian Elling, Minorities in Iran: Nationalism and Ethnicity after Khomeini, Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. Excerpt: "The number of Azeris in Iran is heavily disputed. In 2005, Amanolahi estimated all Turkic-speaking communities in Iran to number no more than 9 million. CIA and Library of congress estimates range from 16 percent to 24 percent – that is, 12–18 million people if we employ the latest total figure for Iran's population (77.8 million). Azeri ethnicsts, on the other hand, argue that overall number is much higher, even as much as 50 percent or more of the total population. Such inflated estimates may have influenced some Western scholars who suggest that up to 30 percent (that is, some 23 million today) Iranians are Azeris." [https://books.google.com/books?id=rWEbrv5oD8AC&pg=PT33&dq=argue+that+overall+number+is+much+higher,+even+as+much+as+50+percent+azeri&hl=en&sa=X&ei=WVJrUcnJE62g4AO5n4HADw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA]</ref><ref name="Criticism">Ali Gheissari. ''Contemporary Iran: Economy, Society – Politics: Economy, Society, Politics''. Page 300. "Azeri ethnonationalist activist, however, claim that number to be 24 million, hence as high as 35 percent of the Iranian population." Oxford University Press. 2 April 2009.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.terrorfreetomorrow.org/upimagestft/TFT%20Iran%20Survey%20Report%200609.pdf |title=Iran |publisher=[[New America Foundation]] |date=June 12, 2009 |accessdate=31 August 2013}}</ref> Dalam kasus apapun, populasi terbesar dari bangsa Azerbaijan di dunia hidup di Iran.