Tionghoa Padang: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Seperti di daerah lainnya di [[Nusantara]], keberadaan orang Tionghoa di Padang tidak lepas dari fenomena diaspora atau keluarnya orang Tionghoa dari tanah kelahiran mereka untuk tujuan perdagangan. Walaupun tidak ada catatan pasti kapan orang Tionghoa pertama tiba di Padang, mereka diperkirakan telah tiba di [[Pesisir Barat Sumatra|pantai barat Sumatra]] pada abad ke-17, mendahului kedatangan bangsa Belanda dan Inggris. Mereka datang dari [[Banten]], yang kala itu menjadi pusat perdagangan di Nusantara.{{sfnp|Christine Dobbin|2016|pp=[https://books.google.co.id/books?id=JzR6DQAAQBAJ&pg=PT152&dq=Islamic+Revivalism+%22before+the+dutch+and+the+english%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwio7aK-1broAhWYF3IKHbP8AEEQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=Islamic%20Revivalism%20%22before%20the%20dutch%20and%20the%20english%22&f=false 134]|ps=: "''Before the Dutch and the English came to Sumatra for pepper, Chinese pepper traders had been visiting west Sumatra from their commercial base at Banten.''"}} Pada tahun 1630-an, diketahui telah banyak bersandar kapal-kapal Tionghoa di sekitar perairan pantai barat Sumatra. Di antara kota yang ramai dikunjungi oleh kapal-kapal Tionghoa adalah [[Kota Pariaman|Pariaman]]. Di daerah tersebut, orang Tionghoa menjual kebutuhan-kebutuhan pokok, terutama [[Garam dapur|garam]]. Namun, kebanyakan mereka hanyalah agen dari pedagang Tionghoa yang ada di Banten.{{sfnp|Christine Dobbin|2016|pp=[https://books.google.co.id/books?id=JzR6DQAAQBAJ&pg=PT152&dq=%22Very+few+of+these+Chinese+traded+with+their+own+capital%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjT99XY17roAhVWAXIKHVEbDBkQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22Very%20few%20of%20these%20Chinese%20traded%20with%20their%20own%20capital%22&f=false 134–135]|ps=: "''Very few of these Chinese traded with their own capital, and they had meagre capital resources; they were generally agents for Banten Chinese, who in turn operated a commenda trade using money and goods supplied by merchants in China and, later on, by Europeans in Banten.''"}} Pada tahun 1633, dilaporkan telah ada orang Tionghoa yang menetap di Pariaman.{{sfnp|Christine Dobbin|2016|pp=[https://books.google.co.id/books?id=JzR6DQAAQBAJ&pg=PT152&dq=%221630s+their+vessels+were+reported+to+be+swarming%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjy2rL_1rroAhWXXSsKHb_ZCO8Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%221630s%20their%20vessels%20were%20reported%20to%20be%20swarming%22&f=false 134]|ps=: "''In the 1630s their vessels were reported to be swarming to the coast in search of pepper, and it seems likely that there were Chinese settled at Pariaman to act as agents for their compatriots; certainly they were reported to be established there in 1663.''"}}
Pada tahun 1664, Belanda melalui VOC menjadikan Padang sebagai markas besar mereka untuk wilayah pantai barat Sumatera yang ditandai dengan didirikannya sebuah benteng.{{sfnp|Freek Colombijn|1994|pp=[https://books.google.co.id/books?id=8bfZAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Padang+was+a+second-rank+port+on+the+*%22&dq=%22Padang+was+a+second-rank+port+on+the+*%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjMoPX_2rroAhXGR30KHR56BA8Q6AEIKDAA 134]|ps=: "''In 1666 the Dutch made Padang their headquarters on Sumatra's west coast and built a fortress.''"}} Belanda mencoba mengalihkan aktivitas perdagangan dari Pariaman ke Padang. Melihat kondisi tersebut, orang Tionghoa mulai berdatangan dan menetap di Padang untuk dapat ikut serta dalam aktivitas perdagangan.{{sfnp|Freek Colombijn|1994|pp=[https://books.google.co.id/books?id=8bfZAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Padang+has+an+old+Chinese+community+and+Chinese+were+among%22&dq=%22Padang+has+an+old+Chinese+community+and+Chinese+were+among%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjr0oK498_oAhXNdCsKHckTAzQQ6AEIKDAA 55]|ps=: "''Padang has an old Chinese community and Chinese were among the first permanent inhabitants of Padang, arriving soon after the establishment of the VOC trading post.''"}}
Orang Tionghoa di Padang diperkirakan merupakan mereka yang sebelumnya menetap Pariaman. Pada tahun 1673, ada laporan tentang "Nahkoda Banten" Tionghoa yang memiliki rumah di Padang bersama beberapa orang Tionghoa lainnya.{{sfnp|Christine Dobbin|2016|pp=[https://books.google.co.id/books?id=JzR6DQAAQBAJ&pg=PT153&dq=%22Batavian+Chinese,+possibly+moving+*%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiR5-uF3LroAhVBWysKHSb1AewQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22Batavian%20Chinese%2C%20possibly%20moving%20*%22&f=false 135a]|ps=: "''Almost immediately after the establishment of the Dutch factory at Padang some Chinese must have settled there as agents for Batavian Chinese, possibly moving south from Pariaman. In 1673 there are reports of a Chinese 'Nakoda Banten' living at Padang in his own house, and other Chinese were also settled there performing services for company officials as they did at Batavia.''"}} Rumah yang mereka punya lebih bagus dibandingkan dengan rumah penduduk setempat.{{sfnp|Steven Adriaan Buddingh|1861|pp=[https://books.google.co.id/books?id=HaRyY2V8zpQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Neerlands+Oost-Indi%C3%AB+Reizen&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiW1I2SpY7sAhXSXisKHQVqCesQ6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Padang&f=false 161]}} Permukiman mereka mengelompok di kawasan di sekitar pinggir [[Batang Arau]]. Mereka dapat membeli tanah dari penguasa setempat yang bergelar "panglima raja". Pada tahun 1682, seiring banyaknya jumlah orang Tionghoa di Padang, seorang "[[Kapitan Cina|Letnan Cina]]" diangkat untuk mengatur dan mengontrol sesama orang Tionghoa.{{sfnp|Christine Dobbin|2016|pp=[https://books.google.co.id/books?id=JzR6DQAAQBAJ&pg=PT153&dq=%22Batavian+Chinese,+possibly+moving+*%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiR5-uF3LroAhVBWysKHSb1AewQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22Batavian%20Chinese%2C%20possibly%20moving%20*%22&f=false 135b]|ps=: "''In that year several Chinese bought land from the panglima raja to establish a brickworks, and by 1682 there were so meny Chinese at the entrepôt that a Lieuteyangt Chinese had to be appointed to regulate matters concerning them.''"}} == Hubungan antaretnis ==
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