Universitas Harvard: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox Universitas
|name = Universitas Harvard
|image_name =
|image_size =
|caption =
|latin_name = Universitas Harvardiana
|motto = ''Veritas''<ref>Harvard's ''Veritas'' appears on the university's arms; [[Heraldry|heraldically]] speaking, however, a 'motto' is a word or phrase displayed on a scroll in conjunction with a shield of arms. [https://books.google.com/books?id=zkQWZaZqZfUC&pg=PA330&lpg=PA330#v=onepage&q&f=false Since 1692] University [[seal (device)|seals]] have borne ''Christo et Ecclesiae'' (for Christ and the Church) in this manner, arguably making that phrase the university's motto in a heraldic sense. This legend is otherwise not in general use today.</ref>
|established = {{start date|1636}}<ref name=founding>An appropriation of £400 toward a "school or college" was voted on October 28, 1636 (OS), at a meeting which convened on September 8 and was adjourned to October 28. Some sources consider October 28, 1636 (OS) (November 7, 1636 NS) to be the date of founding. Harvard's 1936 tercentenary celebration treated September 18 as the founding date, though 1836 bicentennial was celebrated on September 8, 1836. Sources: meeting dates, {{cite book|first=Josiah|last=Quincy|title=History of Harvard University|url=https://archive.org/details/historyharvardu00quingoog|year=1860|publisher=Crosby, Nichols, Lee and Co.|location=117 Washington Street, Boston}}, [https://books.google.com/books?vid=OCLC11636583&id=KynqxH_4lGUC&pg=RA1-PA586&lpg=RA1-PA586 p. 586], "At a Court holden September 8th, 1636 and continued by adjournment to the 28th of the 8th month (October, 1636)... the Court agreed to give £400 towards a School or College, whereof £200 to be paid next year...." Tercentenary dates: {{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/printout/0,8816,756722,00.html|date=September 28, 1936|accessdate=September 8, 2006|work=Time|title=Cambridge Birthday}}: "Harvard claims birth on the day the Massachusetts Great and General Court convened to authorize its founding. This was Sept. 8, 1637 under the Julian calendar. Allowing for the ten-day advance of the Gregorian calendar, Tercentenary officials arrived at Sept. 18 as the date for the third and last big Day of the celebration;" "on Oct. 28, 1636 … £400 for that 'school or college' [was voted by] the Great and General Court of the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]]." Bicentennial date: {{cite web|url=http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2003/10.02/02-history.html|publisher=Harvard University|title=Harvard Gazette: This Month in Harvard History|date=September 2, 2003|accessdate=September 15, 2006|author=Marvin Hightower|archive-date=2006-09-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060908144409/http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2003/10.02/02-history.html|dead-url=yes}}, "Sept. 8, 1836 – Some 1,100 to 1,300 alumni flock to Harvard's Bicentennial, at which a professional choir premieres "Fair Harvard." … guest speaker Josiah Quincy Jr., Class of 1821, makes a motion, unanimously adopted, 'that this assembly of the Alumni be adjourned to meet at this place on September 8, 1936.'" Tercentary opening of Quincy's sealed package: ''The New York Times,'' September 9, 1936, p. 24, "Package Sealed in 1836 Opened at Harvard. It Held Letters Written at Bicentenary": "September 8th, 1936: As the first formal function in the celebration of Harvard's tercentenary, the Harvard Alumni Association witnessed the opening by President Conant of the 'mysterious' package sealed by President Josiah Quincy at the Harvard bicentennial in 1836."</ref>
|mottoeng = Truth
|type = [[Universitas swasta|Swasta]] – [[Penelitian]]
|endowment = $36.4 milyar<ref name="The Wall Street Journal">{{As of|2014|06|30}}. {{cite web|title = Harvard Endowment Earns 15.4% Return for Fiscal 2014|work = The Wall Street Journal|url = http://online.wsj.com/articles/harvard-endowment-earns-15-4-return-for-fiscal-2014-1411506002|accessdate=October 10, 2014}}</ref>
|president = [[Drew Gilpin Faust]]
|students = 21,000<ref name="Harvard at a Glance">{{As of|2014|09|01}}. {{cite web|title = Harvard at a Glance|work = Harvard University|url = http://www.harvard.edu/harvard-glance|accessdate=November 27, 2014}}</ref>
|undergrad = 6,700<ref name="Harvard at a Glance" />
|postgrad = 14,500<ref name="Harvard at a Glance" />
|staff =
|faculty = 4,671<ref>{{Cite book|last=Office of Institutional Research.|title=Harvard University Fact Book|year=2009|chapter=Faculty|url=http://www.provost.harvard.edu/institutional_research/Provost_-_09_18-19facuni.pdf|access-date=2015-10-04|archive-date=2012-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425050912/http://www.provost.harvard.edu/institutional_research/Provost_-_09_18-19facuni.pdf|dead-url=yes}} ("Unduplicated, Paid Instructional Faculty Count: 2,107. Unduplicated instructional faculty count is the most appropriate count for general reporting purposes.")</ref>
|city = [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]]
|state = [[Massachusetts]]
|country = A.S.
|campus = [[Kawasan perkotaan|Perkotaan]]<br />{{Convert|210|acre|ha}} (Kampus utama)<br />{{Convert|21|acre|ha}} (Kampus medis)<br />{{Convert|360|acre|ha}} (Kampus Allston)<br />{{Convert|4500|acre|ha}} (gedung lainnya)<ref name="Campus" />
|sports = 42 tim universitas
|athletics = [[NCAA]] [[Divisi I (NCAA)|Divisi I]] – [[Ivy League]]
|nickname = [[Harvard Crimson]]
|colors = {{color box|#A41034}} [[Crimson]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Color – Identity Guidelines – Harvard Business School|url=http://www.hbs.edu/marketing/color.html|publisher=Harvard Business School|accessdate=September 26, 2014}}</ref>
|free_label = Student newspaper
|free = ''[[The Harvard Crimson]]''
|affiliations = [[National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities|NAICU]]<br />[[Association of Independent Colleges and Universities in Massachusetts|AICUM]]<br />[[Asosiasi Universitas Amerika|AAU]]<br />[[Universities Research Association|URA]]
|website = {{URL|http://www.harvard.edu/|Harvard.edu}}
|logo = [[Berkas:Harvard University logo.svg|250px|Logo Universitas Harvard]]
|publictransit = [[Harvard (MBTA station)]]
}}
[[Berkas:Widener library 2009.JPG|jmpl|ka|239px]]
'''Universitas Harvard''' ([[bahasa Inggris]]: '''Harvard University''') adalah [[universitas]] swasta di {{City-state|Cambridge|Massachusetts}}, [[Amerika Serikat]] dan anggota [[Ivy League]]. Universitas ini merupakan salah satu universitas terbaik dunia.
== Sejarah ==
Universitas ini didirikan pada [[8 September]] [[1636]] dan merupakan [[perguruan tinggi]] tertua di [[Amerika Serikat]]. Awalnya bernama '''New College''', dan dinamakan ulang menjadi Harvard College pada [[13 Maret]] [[1639]] untuk menghormati penyumbang terbesarnya, [[John Harvard]], seorang mantan mahasiswa [[Universitas Cambridge]].
Rujukan terawal yang memanggil Harvard sebagai "universitas" dan bukan "college" terjadi pada tahun [[1780]].
== Institusi ==
Universitas Harvard adalah salah satu universitas paling bergengsi di dunia dan mempunyai pendapatan terbesar di antara universitas-universitas di seluruh dunia ([[USD|US$]]22,6 miliar pada tahun [[2004]]), hampir dua kali lipat dari[[Universitas Yale]], pesaing terdekatnya).
Rangking universitas Amerika Serikat keluaran ''[[US News]]'' tahun [[2005]] menempatkan Universitas Harvard dan [[Universitas Princeton]] bersama-sama di urutan pertama.<ref>[http://www.usnews.com/usnews/edu/college/rankings/brief/natudoc/tier1/t1natudoc_brief.php US News]</ref> Universitas Harvard juga meraih urutan pertama pada tahun 2004, setelah lima tahun di posisi kedua dan ketiga. ''Times Higher Education Supplement World University Rankings'' juga menempatkan Universitas Harvard di urutan pertama.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thes.co.uk/worldrankings/ |title=World Rankings |access-date=2005-03-13 |archive-date=2007-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070504114435/http://www.thes.co.uk/worldrankings/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
== Fakultas ==
Universitas Harvard kini mempunyai 9 fakultas, diurutkan di bawah ini menurut masa didirikan:
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