Kudeta Guinea 2021: Perbedaan antara revisi

Dari kemerdekaan negara dari [[Prancis]] pada tahun 1958 sampai 2010, Guinea diperintah oleh pemerintahan otokratis termasuk dasawarsa pemerintahan korup.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-05|title=Guinea: Soldiers claim to have seized power and dissolved government as president 'detained'|url=https://news.sky.com/story/guinea-soldiers-claim-to-have-seized-power-and-dissolved-government-as-president-detained-12400084|url-status=live|access-date=2021-09-05|website=Sky News|language=en}}</ref> Pada tahun 2008, [[kudeta Guinea 2008|kudeta militer]] dimulai tak lama setelah kematian [[Lansana Conté]]. Pemerintahan militer membubarkan diri pada tahun 2010. [[Alpha Condé]] adalah presiden pertama yang terpilih secara damai dan demokratis untuk menjabat sebagai [[Presiden Guinea]] pada [[pemilihan umum Presiden Guinea 2010|2010]],<ref name=":5" /> yang kemudian terpilih kembali pada [[pemilihan umum Presiden Guinea 2015|2015]].<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Bah|first1=Youssouf|last2=Paquette|first2=Danielle|date=2021-09-05|title=Guinea's president is detained in apparent military takeover|work=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/09/05/guinea-alpha-conde-military-takeover/|access-date=2021-09-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=editing|date=2021-09-05|title=BREAKING: Fear Of Military Coup Hits Guinea As Heavy Gunfire Is Reported Near Presidential Palace|url=http://saharareporters.com/2021/09/05/breaking-fear-military-coup-hits-guinea-heavy-gunfire-reported-near-presidential-palace|access-date=2021-09-05|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref> Negara ini memiliki batas masa jabatan presiden sebanyak dua kali, tetapi [[referendum konstitusi Guinea 2020|referendum konstitusi 2020]] memasukkan ketentuan yang memperpanjang masa jabatan dan memungkinkan Alpha untuk mengatur ulang batas masa jabatannya dan mengupayakan dua masa jabatan lagi.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-10-24|title=Guinea elections: Alpha Condé wins third term amid violent protests|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-54657359|access-date=2021-09-05}}</ref> Langkah itu terbukti kontroversial dan memicu dampak besar yang ditekan secara brutal, sehingga menyebabkan lebih dari tiga puluh kematian antara 2018 dan 2022.<ref>{{cite web|title=Guinée : quatre choses à savoir sur le référendum constitutionnel reporté qui a plongé le pays dans une nouvelle impasse politique|url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/afrique/guinee/guinee-quatre-choses-a-savoir-sur-le-referendum-constitutionnel-qui-a-plonge-le-pays-dans-une-nouvelle-impasse-politique_3846597.html|website=Franceinfo|year=2020|date=01 March 2020|access-date=6 September 2021|publication-date=}}.</ref> AfterSetelah theamandemen constitutionalkonstitusi amendment was approveddisetujui, CondéAlpha won thememenangi [[2020pemilihan Guineanumum presidentialPresiden electionGuinea 2020|2020pemilihan umum presiden presidentialtahun election2020]] anddan thusdengan ademikian thirdmengamankan termmasa injabatan officeketiga. HoweverNamun, thisini waskembali againdiikuti followedoleh byprotes proteststerhadap againstPresiden, thedengan President,calon withoposisi oppositionmenuduh candidatesAlpha accusingmenggunakan Condésurat ofsuara [[ballot stuffing]]ganda.<ref name=":5"/><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-01|title=Guinea: At least 50 people killed with impunity during protests in less than a year|url=https://www.amnesty.org/fr/latest/news/2020/10/guinee-au-moins-personnes-tues-en-toute-impunite-dans-des-manifestations-2/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-09-05|website=Amnesty International|language=en}}</ref> Unjuk Protestsrasa continuedberlanjut throughoutsepanjang thetahun year,dan andditindas weredengan harshlykeras repressedoleh bypasukan securitykeamanan forcesyang claimingmerenggut at leastsedikitnya 12 civiliannyawa liveswarga sipil, includingtermasuk twodua childrenanak indi [[Conakry]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-18|title=World Report 2021: Rights Trends in Guinea|url=https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2021/country-chapters/guinea|access-date=2021-04-10|website=Human Rights Watch|language=en}}</ref> [[France]] distanced itself from Condé following the 2020 election, leaving [[China]], [[Egypt]], [[Russia]] and [[Turkey]] as those of the few powerful countries which continued to back the President.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news |title=China offers backing to Guinea president after disputed election |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-guinea-election-china-idUSKBN27P0YA |work=Reuters |date=9 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Guinean president appreciates Egypt's support to his country in different domains |url=https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/100366/Guinean-president-appreciates-Egypt-s-support-to-his-country-in |work=Egypt Today |date=31 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Turkey congratulates Guinean leader on election victory |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/politics/turkey-congratulates-guinean-leader-on-election-victory/2036185 |work=Anadolu Agency |date=8 November 2020}}</ref> This happened as fellow [[West Africa|West African]] and [[Central Africa|Central African]] countries have experienced [[democratic backsliding]]: [[Chad]] went through [[Transitional Military Council (Chad)|its own military takeover]] in April 2021, [[Mali]] had two such overthrows in a year (in [[2020 Malian coup d'état|August 2020]] and [[2021 Malian coup d'état|May 2021]]), while [[Ivory Coast]] [[2020 Ivorian presidential election|elected a president for a third term]] amid considerable controversy and allegations of fraud.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last1=Bariyo|first1=Nicholas|last2=Faucon|first2=Benoît|date=2021-09-05|title=Military Faction Stages Coup in Mineral-Rich Guinea|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/military-faction-stages-coup-in-mineral-rich-guinea-11630866469|access-date=2021-09-05|issn=0099-9660}}</ref>