Asam fluoroantimonat: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Chembox|ImageFile=H2FSbF6.svg|ImageFile2=Fluoroantimonic_acid-3D-balls.png|ImageSize=240px|IUPACName=Fluoroantimonic acid|SystematicName=Fluoranium hexafluorostibanuide<br>Fluoranium hexafluoridoantimonate(1−)|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}} | CASNo = 16950-06-4 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 32741664 | EINECS = 241-023-8 | SMILES = [FH2+].F[Sb-](F)(F)(F)(F)F | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/FH2.6FH.Sb/h1H2;6*1H;/q+1;;;;;;;+5/p-6 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = HBGBSIVYTBPVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-H }}|Section2={{Chembox Properties | Formula = {{Chem|H|2|SbF|7}} | MolarMass = 256.765 | Appearance = Cairan tak berwarna | Density = 2.885 g/cm³ | pKa = −25 | pKb = 39 | Solvent = | SolubleOther = [[sulfuryl chloride fluoride|SO₂ClF]], [[sulfur dioxide|SO₂]] }}|Section3={{Chembox Hazards | MainHazards = Sangat korosif , Hidrolisis kuat | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|300|310|314|330|411}} | PPhrases = {{P-phrases|260|264|273|280|284|301+310}} | RPhrases = {{R26}}, {{R29}}, {{R35}} | SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S36/37/39}}, {{S45}}, {{S53}}, {{S60}}, {{S61}} | NFPA-H = 4 | NFPA-F = 0 | NFPA-R = 3 | NFPA-S = W }}|Section4={{Chembox Related | OtherFunction_label = [[acid]]s | OtherFunction = [[Antimony pentafluoride]]<br /> [[Hydrogen fluoride]]<br /> [[Magic acid]] }}}}'''Asam''' '''Fluoroantimonat''' adalahmerupakan salah satu [[senyawa anorganik]] yang berbentuk cairan dengan [[rumus kimia]] {{Chem|H|2|FSbF|6}} (dapat ditulis {{Chem|H|2|F[SbF|6|]}}, 2HF·SbF₅, atau HF-SbF₅). Inisenyawa adalah aplikasi larutan ion yangini dibuat dengan reaksimereaksikan [[Asam fluorida|hidrogen fluorida]] (HF) dengan [[antimon pentafluorida]] (SbF₅) dalam rasio [[stoikiometri]] 2:1. ini'''Asam''' adalah'''Fluoroantimonat''' yangmerupakan asam terkuat terkuat yang dikenal [[superasam]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Life of Magic Chemistry: Autobiographical Reflections of a Nobel Prize Winner|url=https://archive.org/details/lifemagicchemist00olah|last=Olah|first=G. A.|date=2001|publisher=[[John Wiley and Sons]]|isbn=0-471-15743-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/lifemagicchemist00olah/page/100 100]–101|author-link=George Olah}}</ref> Asam yang sama dapat dibuat dengan menggunakan kelebihan antimon pentafluorida.<ref name="Olah">{{cite encyclopedia|authorlink1=George Olah|last1=Olah|first1=G. A.|last2=Prakash|first2=G. K. Surya|last3=Wang|first3=Qi|last4=Li|first4=Xing-ya|title=Hydrogen Fluoride–Antimony(V) Fluoride|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis]]|date=15 April 2001|publisher=[[John Wiley and Sons]]|location=New York|doi=10.1002/047084289X.rh037m|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/eros/articles/rh037m/frame.html|isbn=9780470842898}}</ref>

: 2 HF2HF ⇌ H₂F⁺ + <s>F⁻</s> SbF₅ + <s>F⁻</s> → {{Chem|SbF|6|−}}

: SbF₅ + 2 HF2HF → {{Chem|SbF|6|−}} + H₂F⁺

Reaksi kedua adalah tidak setimbang, oleh karena itu reaksi ini bersifat '''''eksotermik'''''<ref>{{Cite book|last=Serlina|first=Rara|date=2019|url=http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/20655/1/Kelas%20XI_Kimia_KD%203.4%20%281%29.pdf|title=Termokimia|location=Jakarta|publisher=Direktorat Pembinaan SMA - Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan|url-status=live}}</ref>.

HF-SbF₅ ini sangat korosif, beracun, dan sensitif terhadap kelembaban.<ref name="Olah">{{cite encyclopedia|authorlink1=George Olah|last1=Olah|first1=G. A.|last2=Prakash|first2=G. K. Surya|last3=Wang|first3=Qi|last4=Li|first4=Xing-ya|title=Hydrogen Fluoride–Antimony(V) Fluoride|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis]]|date=15 April 2001|publisher=[[John Wiley and Sons]]|location=New York|doi=10.1002/047084289X.rh037m|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/eros/articles/rh037m/frame.html|isbn=9780470842898}}</ref> Seperti kebanyakan asam kuat, asam fluoroantimonat bereaksi hebat dengan air, menyebabkan hidrasi eksotermik. Akibatnya, hal ini tidak dapat digunakan dalam larutan air, hanya dalam larutan asam fluorida (HF).