Karl Barth: Perbedaan antara revisi

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'''Karl Barth''' ([[10 Mei]] [[1886]]–[[10 Desember]] [[1968]]) adalah seorang [[teologi|teolog]] Kristen [[Hervormd]] yang berpengaruh. Ia juga seorang [[pendeta]] dan pemikir terkemuka dalam gerakan [[neo-ortodoksi|neo-orthodoksortodoks]].
 
== Masa muda dan pendidikan ==
Barth dilahirkan di [[Basel]], [[Swiss]] dan menghabiskan masa kanak-kanaknya di [[Bern]]. Dari [[1911]] hingga [[1921]] ia melayani sebagai seorang pendeta [[Gereja Hervormd|Hervormd]] di desa [[Safenwil]] di [[kanton Swiss|kanton]] [[Aargau]]. Belakangan ia menjadi profesor [[teologi]] di [[Bonn]] ([[Jerman]]). Ia harus meninggalkan Jerman pada [[1935]] setelah ia menolak mengucapkan sumpah kesetiaan kepada [[Adolf Hitler]]. Barth kembali ke [[Swiss]] dan menjadi profesor di Basel.
 
<!--Barth wasmulanya originallybelajar traineddalam in Germantradisi [[ProtestantismKekristenan Liberal|ProtestantLiberalisme]] [[Liberal ChristianityProtestanisme|LiberalismProtestan]] underJerman suchdi teachersbawah asasuhan guru-guru seperti [[Wilhelm Herrmann]], butnamun reactedia againstbereaksi thisterhadap theologyteologi atini thepada time of themasa [[WorldPerang WarDunia I|First World War]]. His reaction wasReaksinya feddidorong byoleh severalsejumlah factorsfaktor, includingtermasuk hiskomitmennya commitmentterhadap to the German and Swissgerakan [[International LeagueLiga ofInternasional ReligiousSosialis SocialistsReligius|ReligiousSosialis SocialistReligius]] movementJerman surroundingdan menSwiss di sekitar orang-orang likeseperti [[Herrmann Kutter]], thepengaruh influence of thegerakan [[BiblicalRealisme RealismAlkitab]] movementdi surroundingsekitar menorang-orang likeseperti [[Christoph Blumhardt]], and the impactdan ofdampak thedari [[skepticismskeptisisme|skepticalfilsafat philosophyskeptis]] ofdari [[Franz Overbeck]].
 
Namun pendorong yang paling penting adalah reaksinya tehradap dukungan dari sebagian besar guru-guru liberalnya terhadap tujuan-tujuan perang Jerman.
The most important catalyst was, however, his reaction to the support most of his liberal teachers had for German war aims. The [[1914]] "Manifesto of the Ninety-Three German Intellectuals to the Civilized World"[http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/1914/93intell.html] carried the signature of his former teacher [[Adolf von Harnack]]. Barth believed that his teachers had been misled by a theology which tied [[God]] too closely to the finest, deepest expressions and experiences of [[culture|cultured]] human beings, into claiming divine support for a war which they believed was waged in support of that culture, the initial experience of which appeared to increase people's love of and commitment to that culture. Much of Barth's thinking is also a direct response to the philosphy of Hegel and the theology of Schleiermacher.
 
"Manifesto dari 93 Intelektual Jerman kepada Dunia yang Beradab"[http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/1914/93intell.html] pada [[1914]] memuat tanda tangan dari bekas gurunya, [[Adolf von Harnack]]. Barth percaya bahwa guru-gurunya telah disesatkan oleh teologi yang mempertautkan [[Allah]] terlalu dekat dengan ungkapan yang paling indah dan terdalam serta pengalaman umat manusia yang [[budaya|berbudaya]], hingga mengklaim bahwa Allah memberikan dukungan terhadap perang yang mereka yakini dilakukan dalam upaya mendukung budaya tersebut. Pengalaman awalnya muncul dalam peningkatan cinta kasih dan komitmen rakyat kepada budaya tersebut. Kebanyakan dari pemikiran Barth juga merupakan tanggapan langsung terhadap filsafat [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]] dan teologi [[Friedrich Schleiermacher|Schleiermacher]].
==Epistle to the Romans==
 
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In his commentary on ''The [[Epistle to the Romans]]'' (germ. ''Römerbrief''; particularly in the thoroughly re-written second edition of [[1922]]) Barth argued that the God who is revealed in the cross of [[Jesus]] challenges and overthrows any attempt to ally God with human cultures, achievements, or possessions. Many theologians believe this work to be the most important theological treatise since [[Friedrich Schleiermacher]]'s [[On Religion: Speeches to its Cultured Despisers]].
 
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[[Kategori:Kematian 1968|Barth, Karl]]
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[[Kategori:Teolog ProtestanKristen|Barth, Karl]]
[[Kategori:Teolog Swiss|Barth, Karl]]
[[Kategori:Kristen|Barth, Karl]]
 
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