Wangsa Medici: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Pengganti Ferdinando, [[Cosimo II de' Medici|Cosimo II]], berkuasa kurang dari 12 tahun. Ia memperistri [[Maria Magdalena (1589-1631)|Putri Maria Magdalena von Österreich]] dan dikaruniai delapan orang anak, antara lain [[Margherita de' Medici]], [[Ferdinando II de' Medici]], dan [[Anna de' Medici]]. Nama Cosimo II tak kunjung lekang dari ingatan orang, karena dialah patron dari astronom [[Galileo Galilei]]. Risalah [[Sidereus Nuncius]], yang ditulis Galileo pada tahun 1610, didedikasikan kepada Cosimo II.<ref>Strathen, hlm. 368.</ref> Cosimo mangkat pada tahun 1621 akibat penyakit [[Tuberkulosis]].<ref>Hale, hlm. 187.</ref>
 
Putra sulung Cosimo, Ferdinando, belum cukup umur untuk memerintah sendiri, sehingga pemerintahan Toskana diselenggarakan oleh ibu dan neneknya selaku pemangku. Masa pemerintahan ibu dan nenek Ferdinando ini disebut masa ''Turtici''. Perangai ibu dan nenek Ferdinando ternyata serasi satu sama lain. Bersama-sama mereka membina persekutuan dengan [[Negara Gereja|lembaga kepausan]], meningkatkan jumlah rohaniwan di Toskana, dan mengizinkan gelar acara sidang [[ajaran sesat|perkara pidana bidat]] terhadapdengan terdakwa Galileo Galilei.<ref>Acton, hlm. 111.</ref><!-- Upon the death of the last [[Francesco Maria II della Rovere|Duke of Urbino]] (Francesco Maria II), instead of claiming the duchy for Ferdinando, who was married to the Duke of Urbino's granddaughter and heiress, [[Vittoria Della Rovere|Vittoria della Rovere]], they permitted it to be annexed by [[Pope Urban VIII]]. In 1626, they banned any Tuscan subject from being educated outside the Grand Duchy, a law later overturned, but resurrected by Maria Maddalena's grandson, [[Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany|Cosimo III]].<ref name=Acton192>Acton, p. 192.</ref> [[Harold Acton]], an Anglo-Italian historian, ascribed the decline of Tuscany to the ''Turtici'' regency.<ref name=Acton192/>
 
Grand Duke Ferdinado was obsessed with new technology, and had a variety of hygrometers, barometers, thermometers, and telescopes installed in the [[Palazzo Pitti]].<ref>Acton, p. 27.</ref> In 1657, [[Leopoldo de' Medici]], the Grand Duke's youngest brother, established the [[Accademia del Cimento]], organized to attract scientists to Florence from all over Tuscany for mutual study.<ref>Acton, p. 38.</ref>