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'''Primata''' (dari [[bahasa Latin]] ''primat-'', dari ''primus'', 'terbaik, urutan pertama') adalah [[Binatang menyusui|mamalia]] yang menjadi anggota [[ordo (biologi)|ordo]] '''Primates'''. Primata pertama kali muncul 85–55 juta tahun yang lalu dari mamalia darat bertubuh kecil yang beradaptasi untuk hidup di pepohonan [[hutan tropis]]. Banyak karakteristik primata yang merupakan adaptasi terhadap kehidupan di lingkungan yang menantang ini, di antaranya otak yang besar, ketajaman visual, penglihatan warna, tulang-tulang [[gelang bahu]] yang memungkinkan banyak gerakan pada sendi bahu, serta tangan yang cekatan. Primata terpisah menjadi dua subordo, yaitu [[Strepsirrhini]] (mencakup [[lemur]] dan [[loris]]) dan [[Haplorhini]] (mencakup [[monyet]], [[kera]], dan [[manusia]]). Ilmu yang mempelajari primata disebut [[primatologi]].
== Klasifikasi ==
Daftar famili primata yang masih sintas (bertahan hidup hingga kini) diuraikan di bawah ini.<ref name="MSW3" /><ref name="Cartmill2011" /><ref name="Mittermeier2008" /><ref name="SAP">{{cite book|author1=Rylands, A. B.|author2=Mittermeier, R. A.|year=2009|title=South American Primates: Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-387-78704-6|editor=Garber, P. A.|chapter=The Diversity of the New World Primates (Platyrrhini)|editor2=Estrada, A.|editor3=Bicca-Marques, J. C.|editor4=Heymann, E. W.|editor5=Strier, K. B.|editor5-link=Karen B. Strier|name-list-style=amp}}</ref> Klasifikasi lain juga digunakan, misalnya klasifikasi alternatif dari Strepsirrhini yang masih hidup yang dibagi menjadi dua infraordo, Lemuriformes dan Lorisiformes.{{Sfn|Hartwig|2011|pp=20–21}}
* '''Ordo Primates'''<!--I have altered the number of species to agree with the number listed on the wiki page for each family-->
** '''Subordo [[Strepsirrhini]]''': lemur, galago, dan loris
*** Infraordo [[Lemuriformes]]{{efn|Although the [[Monophyly|monophyletic relationship]] between lemurs and lorisoids is widely accepted, their clade name is not. The term "lemuriform" is used here because it derives from one popular taxonomy that clumps the [[clade]] of toothcombed primates into one [[Taxonomic rank|infraorder]] and the extinct, non-toothcombed [[Adapiformes|adapiforms]] into another, both within the [[Taxonomic rank|suborder]] Strepsirrhini.{{Sfn|Szalay|Delson|1980|p=149}}{{Sfn|Cartmill|2010|p=15}} However, another popular alternative taxonomy places the [[Lorisoidea|lorisoids]] in their own infraorder, Lorisiformes.{{Sfn|Hartwig|2011|pp=20–21}}|name=Lemuriformes}}
**** Superfamili [[Lemuroidea]]
***** Famili [[Cheirogaleidae]]: lemur kerdil dan lemurs-tikus (34 spesies)
***** Famili [[Aye-aye|Daubentoniidae]]: aye-aye (1 spesies)
***** Famili [[Lemuridae]]: lemur ekor-cincin dan kerabatnya (21 spesies)
***** Famili [[Lepilemuridae]]: sportive lemurs (26 spesies)
***** Famili [[Indriidae]]: woolly lemurs dan kerabatnya (19 spesies)
**** Superfamili [[Lorisoidea]]
***** Famili [[Lorisidae]]: loris (14 spesies)
***** Famili [[Galagidae]]: galago (19 spesies)
** '''Subordo [[Haplorhini]]''': tarsius, monyet, dan kera
*** Infraordo [[Tarsiiformes]]
**** Famili [[Tarsier|Tarsiidae]]: tarsius (11 spesies)
*** Infraordo [[Simiiformes]] (atau Anthropoidea)
**** Parvordo [[Platyrrhini]]: monyet Dunia Baru
***** Famili [[Callitrichidae]]: marmoset dan tamarin (42 spesies)
***** Famili [[Cebidae]]: capuchins dan monyet tupai (14 spesies)
***** Famili [[Aotidae]]: monyet malam atau monyet burung hantu (douroucoulis) (11 spesies)
***** Famili [[Pitheciidae]]: titis, sakis, dan uakaris (43 spesies)
***** Famili [[Atelidae]]: monyet wool (29 spesies)
**** Parvordo [[Catarrhini]]
***** Superfamili [[Old World monkey|Cercopithecoidea]]
****** Famili [[Old World monkey|Cercopithecidae]]: monyet Dunia Lama (138 spesies)
***** Superfamili [[Hominoidea]]
****** Famili [[Hylobatidae]]: gibbons atau "kera kecil" (18 spesies)
****** Famili [[Hominidae]]: kera besar, termasuk manusia (8 spesies)
Kladogram di bawah ini menunjukkan urutan klasifikasi yang mungkin dari primata hidup.<ref name="Cartmill2011">{{cite book|last1=Cartmill|first1=M.|last2=Smith|first2=F. H.|year=2011|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X058kYnhxC0C&pg=PA90|title=The Human Lineage|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-118-21145-8}}</ref><ref name="PT" /> Kelompok yang menggunakan nama umum (tradisional) ditampilkan di sebelah kanan.
{{Barlabel|style=font-size:90%;|color3=darkgreen|label4=manusia|color4=darkred|at4=-4|label5=kera kecil|color5=green|at5=8|label3=kera besar|at3=2|labelwidth=6|label2=monyet|color2=crimson|at2=11|label1=prosimians|color1=purple|at1=16|size=9<!--barlabel template doesn't really work with the added images; this value seems best-->|cladogram={{Cladex
|label1=[[Primatomorpha]]
|1={{Clade
| 1= [[Dermoptera]] [[File:Cynocephalus volans Brehm1883 (white background).jpg|50 px]]
|label2= Primates
|2={{Cladex
|label1= [[Haplorhini]]
|1={{Cladex
|label1= [[Simiiformes]]
|1={{Cladex
|label1= [[Catarrhini]]
|1={{Cladex
|label1= [[Hominoidea]]
|1={{Cladex
|label1= [[Hominidae]]
|1={{Cladex
|label1= [[Homininae]]
|1={{Cladex
|label1= [[Hominini]]
|1={{Cladex
|1=[[Homo|human]]s (genus ''Homo'') [[File:Bechuana of Distinction-1841 (white background).jpg|60 px]]|barbegin1=darkred|barend1=darkred
|2=[[Pan (genus)|chimpanzee]]s (genus ''Pan'')[[File:PanTroglodytesSmit (white background).jpg|50 px]]|barbegin2=darkgreen
}}
|2=[[gorilla]]s (tribe Gorillini) [[File:Gorila de llanura occidental. Gorilla gorilla - Blanca Martí de Ahumada (white background).jpg|70 px]]|bar2=darkgreen
}}
|2=[[orangutan]]s (subfamily Ponginae) [[File:Simia satyrus - 1837 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam - White Background.jpg|60 px]]|barend2=darkgreen
}}
|2=[[gibbon]]s (family Hylobatidae) [[File:Le gibbon (white background).jpg|50 px]]|barbegin2=green|barend2=green
}}
|2=[[Old World monkey]]s (superfamily Cercopithecoidea) [[File:Cynocephalus doguera - 1700-1880 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam - (white background).tiff|60 px]]|barbegin2=crimson
}}
|2=[[New World monkey]]s (parvorder Platyrrhini) [[File:Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen (Plate 8) (white background).jpg|50 px]]|barend2=crimson
}}
|label2= [[Tarsiiformes]]
|2={{Cladex
|1=[[tarsier]]s (superfamily Tarsioidea) [[File:Säugethiere vom Celebes- und Philippinen-Archipel (Taf. III) (white background) (1).jpg|25 px]]|barbegin1=purple
}}
}}
|label2= [[Strepsirrhini]]
|2={{Cladex
|label1=[[Lemuriformes]]{{efn|name=Lemuriformes}}
|1={{Cladex
|1=[[lemur]]s (superfamily Lemuroidea) [[File:FMIB 46849 Primates Maki Moccoe Lemur catta (white background).jpeg|35 px]]|bar1=purple
|2=[[Lorisoidea|lorises and allies]] (superfamily Lorisoidea) [[File:Nycticebus (white background).jpg|25 px]]|barend2=purple
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}}}
== Referensi ==
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