Konvensi Minamata mengenai Raksa: Perbedaan antara revisi

[[Merkuri]] dan senyawa merkuri telah diketahu memiliki dampak berbahaya bagi manusia dan organisme lainnya. Krisis kesehatan masyarakat umum yang diakibatkan oleh keracunan merkuri, seperti [[penyakit Minamata]] dan [[penyakit Niigata Minamata]], telah membawa masalah ini ke permukaan. Pada tahun 1972, perwakilan dari [[Konferensi Stockholm]] mengenai Lingkungan Manusia menyaksikan seorang siswa Jepang, Shinobu Sakamoto, cacat akibat keracunan metilmerkuri sejak dalam kandungan. [[United Nations Environment Programme]] (UNEP) didirikan segera setelah itu.<ref>{{cite news|last = Tanaka|first = Hisatoshi|coauthors = |title = Minamata disease sufferer pins hope on mercury ban treaty|newspaper = The Asahi Shimbun|location = Tokyo, Japan|pages = |language = English|publisher = The Asahi Shimbun Company|date = 9 October 2013|url = http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/AJ201310090066|accessdate = 10 October 2013|archive-date = 2015-06-10|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150610220054/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/AJ201310090066|dead-url = yes}}</ref>

 

 

* INC 1, 7 - 11 Juni 2010, di [[Stockholm]], [[Swedia]]<ref>{{cite web |title = INC1 | publisher = United Nations Enviroment Programme | url = http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Mercury/Negotiations/INC/tabid/3324/language/en-US/Default.aspx | accessdate = 10 October 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=First Meeting of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee to Prepare a Global Legally Binding Instrument on Mercury | coauthors=Ashton, M., Kantai, T., Templeton, J., Xia, K. | publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development | url=http://www.iisd.ca/vol28/enb2806e.html | date=14 June 2010 | accessdate=10 October 2013 | archive-date=2013-02-11 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211133950/http://www.iisd.ca/vol28/enb2806e.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref>

* INC 3, 31 Oktober - 4 November 2011, di [[Nairobi]], [[Kenya]] <ref>{{cite web |title = INC3 | publisher = United Nations Enviroment Programme | url = http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Mercury/Negotiations/INC3/tabid/3469/Default.aspx | accessdate = 10 October 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Summary of the Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee to Prepare a Global Legally Binding Instrument on Mercury | coauthors=Kantai, T., Templeton, J., Xia, K. | publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development | url=http://www.iisd.ca/vol28/enb2808e.html | date=7 November 2011 | accessdate=10 October 2013 | archive-date=2014-08-27 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827071803/http://www.iisd.ca/vol28/enb2808e.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref>

* INC 4, 27 Juni - 2 Juli 2012, di [[Punta del Este]], [[Uruguay]] <ref>{{cite web |title = INC4 | publisher = United Nations Enviroment Programme | url = http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/Mercury/Negotiations/INC4/tabid/3470/Default.aspx | accessdate = 10 October 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Summary of the Fourth Meeting of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee to Prepare a Global Legally Binding Instrument on Mercury | coauthors=Aguilar, S., Barrios, P., Kantai, T., Kohler, P., Templeton, J. | publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development | url=http://www.iisd.ca/vol28/enb2815e.html | date=6 July 2012 | accessdate=10 October 2013 | archive-date=2013-04-20 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420214405/http://www.iisd.ca/vol28/enb2815e.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref>

 

Pada 19 Januari 2013, negosiasi menghasilkan 147 pemerintahan menyetujui draft teks konvensi.<ref>{{cite web | title=Minamata Convention Agreed by Nations |publisher = United Nations Environment Programme | url=http://www.unep.org/newscentre/default.aspx?DocumentID=2702&ArticleID=9373 | date=19 January 2013 | accessdate=10 October 2013}}</ref> Konvensi diadopsi dan dibuka untuk ditanda tangani pada tanggal 10 Oktober 2013 di Kumamoto, Jepang, yang didahului oleh pertemuan pendahuluan pada tanggal 7-8 Oktober 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title=Diplomatic Conference for the Minamata Convention on Mercury | publisher=United Nations Environment Programme | url=http://www.unep.org/hazardoussubstances/MinamataConvention/DiplomaticConference/tabid/105832/Default.aspx | accessdate=10 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last = Aquino|first = Grace|coauthors =|title = Kumamoto launches Minamata Convention to regulate use of mercury|newspaper = Japan Daily Press|language = English|date = 8 October 2013|url = http://japandailypress.com/kumamoto-launches-minamata-convention-to-regulate-use-of-mercury-0837342/|accessdate = 10 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last = Aritake|first = Toshio|coauthors =|title = Global Convention on Phaseout of Mercury Set to Be Adopted in Japan in October|newspaper = Bloomberg/Bureau of National Affairs|language = English|date = 7 October 2013|url = http://www.bna.com/global-convention-phaseout-n17179877659/|accessdate = 10 October 2013}}</ref> 86 negara dan [[Uni Eropa]] telah menandatangani konvensi pada hari pertama.<ref>{{cite web | title=Minamata Diplomatic Conference Highlights | coauthors=DeFerranti, R., Kohler, P., Malan, A.S. | publisher=International Institute for Sustainable Development | url=http://www.iisd.ca/vol28/enb2826e.html | date=10 October 2013 | accessdate=11 October 2013 | archive-date=2013-12-08 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208082549/http://www.iisd.ca/vol28/enb2826e.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref>