Pertanian vertikal: Perbedaan antara revisi
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[[Berkas:VertiCrop.jpg|jmpl|<span data-segmentid="4" class="cx-segment">Selada ditanam dalam sistem pertanian vertikal dalam ruangan</span>]]
<span data-segmentid="5" class="cx-segment">'''Pertanian vertikal''' atau '''Indoor''' '''farming''' adalah praktik memproduksi makanan dan obat-obatan dalam lapisan yang ditumpuk secara vertikal, permukaan yang cenderung vertikal dan/atau terintegrasi dalam struktur lain (seperti gedung pencakar langit, gudang bekas, atau peti kemas).</span> <span data-segmentid="6" class="cx-segment">Ide-ide modern pertanian vertikal umumnya menggabungkan teknik pertanian dalam ruangan atau teknologi [[pertanian lingkungan terkendali]] (CEA), di mana banyak faktor lingkungan dapat dikendalikan dengan teknologi pertanian tak bertanah seperti hidroponik, akuaponik, dan aeroponik.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/download.php?id=512|title=Vertical Farming|last=Birkby|first=Jeff|date=January 2016|website=ATTRA Sustainable Agriculture Program|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=October 28, 2019}}</ref></span> <span data-segmentid="8" class="cx-segment">Fasilitas ini menggunakan kontrol buatan cahaya, kontrol lingkungan (kelembaban, suhu, gas, dll.) dan [[Fertigasi|pemupukan]].</span> <span data-segmentid="10" class="cx-segment">Beberapa pertanian vertikal menggunakan teknik yang mirip dengan [[rumah kaca]], di mana [[sinar matahari]] alami dapat ditambah dengan [[Penerangan|pencahayaan]] buatan dan [[Cermin|reflektor]] [[logam]].<ref name="Hix, John 1974">Hix, John. 1974. The glass house. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.</ref><ref name="bowenpublishing.com">{{Cite journal|last=Pati|first=Ranjan|last2=Abelar|first2=Michael|date=27 May 2015|title=The Application and Optimization of Metal Reflectors to Vertical Greenhouses to Increase Plant Growth and Health|url=http://www.bowenpublishing.com/jaeb/paperInfo.aspx?PaperID=16664&year=2015&volume=3&number=2|dead-url=yes|journal=Journal of Agricultural Engineering and Biotechnology|pages=63–71|doi=10.18005/JAEB0302003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907214246/http://www.bowenpublishing.com/jaeb/paperInfo.aspx?PaperID=16664&year=2015&volume=3&number=2|archive-date=7 September 2015|access-date=18 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vertical-farming.net/vertical-farming/glossary-for-vertical-farming/|title=Glossary for Vertical Farming|access-date=2016-01-06}}</ref></span>
Konsep modern pertanian vertikal diusulkan pada tahun 1999 oleh [[Dickson Despommier]], profesor Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Lingkungan di Universitas Columbia.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mailman.columbia.edu/people/our-faculty/ddd1|title=Dickson Despommier {{!}} Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health|website=www.mailman.columbia.edu|access-date=2019-11-04}}</ref> Despommier dan murid-muridnya membuat desain pertanian pencakar langit yang dapat memberi makan 50.000 orang.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=https://psmag.com/environment/farming-in-high-rises-raises-hopes-3705|title=Going Up? Vertical Farming in High-Rises Raises Hopes|last=Cooper|first=Arnie|website=Pacific Standard|language=en|access-date=2019-11-04}}</ref> Meskipun desainnya belum dibangun, ia berhasil mempopulerkan gagasan pertanian vertikal.<ref name=":6" /> Aplikasi pertanian vertikal saat ini diperkaya dengan teknologi canggih lainnya, seperti lampu [[Diode pancaran cahaya|LED]] khusus telah menghasilkan lebih dari 10 kali hasil panen daripada pertanian tradisional.<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|last=Benke|first=Kurt|last2=Tomkins|first2=Bruce|date=2017-01-01|title=Future food-production systems: vertical farming and controlled-environment agriculture|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2017.1394054|journal=Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy|volume=13|issue=1|pages=13–26|doi=10.1080/15487733.2017.1394054}}</ref> Ada beberapa cara berbeda untuk menerapkan sistem pertanian vertikal ke dalam komunitas seperti di [[Paignton]],<ref name=":14">{{Cite journal|last=Fredani|first=Kevin|date=June 2010|title=Vertical Plant Production as a Public Exhibit at Paignton Zoo|url=https://www.bgci.org/files/Dublin2010/papers/Frediani-Kevin.pdf|journal=Proceedings pf the 4th Global Botanic Gardens Congress|volume=|pages=}}</ref> [[Israel]],<ref name=":15">{{Cite web|url=https://www.greenprophet.com/2010/06/green-zionist-alliance-gza-resolutions/|title=Green Zionist Alliance (GZA) - Bold Resolutions for 36th World Zionist Congress|date=2010-06-01|website=Green Prophet {{!}} Impact News for the Middle East|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-08}}</ref> [[Singapura]],<ref name=":16">{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121027232546/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporelocalnews/view/1233261/1/.html|title=First commercial vertical farm opens in Singapore - Channel NewsAsia|date=2012-10-27|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2019-11-08}}</ref> [[Chicago]],<ref name=":17">{{Cite web|url=https://www.evolving-science.com/environment/vertical-farms-cities-are-future-urban-farming-00288|title=Vertical Farms in Cities are the Future of Urban Farming|last=Meghna|date=2017-06-20|website=Evolving Science|language=en|access-date=2019-11-08}}</ref> [[München|Munich]],<ref name=":18">{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611091242/http://agritecture.com/post/87002187837/spring2014|title=AGRITECTURE - Vertical Farming Technology Trends|date=2015-06-11|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2019-11-08}}</ref> [[London]],<ref name=":19">{{Cite web|url=https://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/infrastructure/a25379774/abandoned-coal-mines-could-be-future-of-farming/|title=Abandoned Coal Mines Could Be Future of Farming|last=Grossman|first=David|date=2018-12-03|website=Popular Mechanics|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-08}}</ref> [[Jepang]],<ref name=":10" /> dan [[Lincolnshire]].<ref name=":20">{{Cite web|url=https://www.agritecture.com/blog/2018/11/15/the-future-of-farming-robots-bees-and-vertical-farms|title=The Future of Farming: Robots, Bees and Vertical Farms|website=AGRITECTURE|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-08}}</ref>
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