Benito Mussolini: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Benito Mussolini
| image = Mussolini biografia.jpg
| office = [[Perdana Menteri Italia]]
| monarch = [[Raja Victor Emmanuel III dari Italia|Victor Emmanuel III]]
| term_start = 31 Oktober 1922
| term_end = 25 Juli 1943
| predecessor = [[Luigi Facta]]
| successor = [[Pietro Badoglio]]
| office2 = [[Duce Republik Sosial Italia]]
| term_start2 = 23 September 1943
| term_end2 = 25 April 1945
| predecessor2 = Posisi didirikan
| successor2 = Posisi dihilangkan
| office3 = [[Duce Fasisme]]
| term_start3 = 23 Maret 1919
| term_end3 = 28 April 1945
| predecessor3 = Posisi didirikan
| successor3 = Posisi dihilangkan
{{Collapsed infobox section begin|last=yes|Jabatan lain
|titlestyle = border:1px dashed lightgrey;}}{{Infobox officeholder |embed=yes
| office4 = [[Menteri Luar Negeri Italia|Menteri Luar Negeri]]
| term_start4 = 5 Februari 1943
| term_end4 = 25 Juli 1943
| predecessor4 = [[Galeazzo Ciano]]
| successor4 = [[Raffaele Guariglia]]
| term_start5 = 20 Juli 1932
| term_end5 = 9 Juni 1936
| predecessor5 = [[Dino Grandi]]
| successor5 = [[Galeazzo Ciano]]
| term_start6 = 30 Oktober 1922
| term_end6 = 12 September 1929
| predecessor6 = Carlo Schanzer
| successor6 = [[Dino Grandi]]
| office7 = [[Menteri Koloni (Italia)|Menteri Koloni]]
| term_start7 = 20 November 1937
| term_end7 = 31 Oktober 1939
| predecessor7 = Alessandro Lessona
| successor7 = [[Attilio Teruzzi]]
| term_start8 = 17 Januari 1935
| term_end8 = 11 Juni 1936
| predecessor8 = [[Emilio De Bono]]
| successor8 = Alessandro Lessona
| term_start9 = 18 Desember 1928
| term_end9 = 12 September 1929
| predecessor9 = [[Luigi Federzoni]]
| successor9 = [[Emilio De Bono]]
| office10 = [[Menteri Perang|Menteri Perang]]
| term_start10 = 22 Juli 1933
| term_end10 = 25 Juli 1943
| predecessor10 = [[Pietro Gazzera]]
| successor10 = Antonio Sorice
| term_start11 = 4 April 1925
| term_end11 = 12 September 1929
| predecessor11 = Antonino Di Giorgio
| successor11 = [[Pietro Gazzera]]
| office12 = [[Menteri Dalam Negeri Italia|Menteri Dalam Negeri]]
| term_start12 = 6 November 1926
| term_end12 = 25 Juli 1943
| predecessor12 = [[Luigi Federzoni]]
| successor12 = Bruno Fornaciari
| term_start13 = 31 Oktober 1922
| term_end13 = 17 Juni 1924
| predecessor13 = [[Paolino Taddei]]
| successor13 = [[Luigi Federzoni]]
| office14 = Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Italia
| term_start14 = 11 Juni 1921
| term_end14 = 2 Agustus 1943{{Collapsed infobox section end}}
}}
<!-- personal data -->| birth_name = Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1883|7|29}}
| birth_place = [[Predappio]], [[Kerajaan Italia]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1945|4|28|1883|7|29}}
| death_place = [[Giulino di Mezzegra]], Kerajaan Italia
| resting_place = Kuburan San Cassiano, [[Predappio]], [[Italia]]
| death_cause = [[Kematian Benito Mussolini|Eksekusi dengan regu tembak]]
| nationality = Italia
| party = [[Partai Fasis Nasional]] (1921–1943)
| otherparty = {{plainlist|
* [[Partai Sosialis Italia]] (1901–1914)
* [[Fases Aksi Revolusioner]] (1914–1919)
* [[Fases Pertempuran Italia]] (1919–1921)
* [[Partai Fasis Republikan]] (1943–1945)
}}
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|[[Ida Dalser]]|1914|1915|end=divorce}}
* {{marriage|[[Rachele Mussolini|Rachele Guidi]]|1915<!-- omitted due to marriage ending by death of article subject himself, per current Template:Marriage instructions -->}}
}}
| partner = {{plainlist|
* [[Margherita Sarfatti]] (1911–1931)
* [[Clara Petacci]] (1933–1945)
}}
| children = {{plainlist|
* [[Edda Mussolini]]
* [[Vittorio Mussolini]]
* [[Bruno Mussolini]]
* [[Romano Mussolini]]
* Anna Maria Mussolini
* [[Benito Albino Mussolini]] {{small|(unrecognized)}}
}}
| parents = {{plainlist|
* [[Alessandro Mussolini]]
* [[Rosa Maltoni]]
}}
| relatives = [[Keluarga Mussolini]]
| profession = {{hlist|Politikus| wartawan|novelis|guru}}
| signature = Benito Mussolini Signature.svg
<!-- military service -->| allegiance = [[Kerajaan Italia]]
| branch = [[Tentara Kerajaan Italia]]
| serviceyears = 1915–1917 (actif)
| rank = {{plainlist|
* [[Marsekal Pertama Imperium]]
* [[Korporal]]}}
| unit = Resimen ke-11 [[Bersaglieri]]
| battles = {{plainlist|
* [[Perang Dunia I]]
* [[Pasifikasi Libya]]
* [[Perang Italo-Etiopia Kedua]]
* [[Perang Sipil Spanyol]]
* [[Invasi Italia di Albania]]
* [[Perang Dunia II]]
}}
}}
'''Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini''' ({{IPA-it|be.ˈniː.to a.ˈmil.ka.re an.ˈdreː.a mus.so.ˈliː.ni|lang}};<ref>See [http://www.dipionline.it/dizionario/ricerca?lemma=Benito Benito] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150617215457/http://www.dipionline.it/dizionario/ricerca?lemma=Benito|date=17 June 2015}} and [http://www.dipionline.it/dizionario/ricerca?lemma=Mussolini Mussolini] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150617215159/http://www.dipionline.it/dizionario/ricerca?lemma=Mussolini|date=17 June 2015}} in [[Luciano Canepari]], ''Dizionario di pronuncia italiana online''</ref> 29 Juli 1883 – 28 April 1945) adalah seorang politikus dan [[wartawan]] yang menciptakan dan memimpin [[Partai Fasis Nasional]]. Ia menjabat sebagai Perdana Menteri Italia sejak [[Pawai ke Roma]] di tahun 1922 hingga [[Kejatuhan rezim Fasis di Italia|penurunannya]] di tahun 1943, dan merupakan "[[Duce Fasisme|Duce]]" Fasisme Italia sejak penciptaan [[Liga Pertarungan Italia]] (''Fasci Italiani di Combattimento'') di tahun 1919 hingga [[Kematian Benito Mussolini|eksekusinya]] di tahun 1945 oleh para [[Gerakan pemberontakan Italia|pemberontak Italia]]. Saat menjadi diktator Italia dan pendiri [[fasisme]], Mussolini banyak menginspirasi dan mendukung [[Fasisme sebagai fenomena internasional|penyebaran gerakan fasis internasional]] pada [[masa antarperang]].<ref name="Hakim 1995">{{cite book|last=Hakim|first=Joy|year=1995|title=A History of Us: War, Peace and all that Jazz|location=New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-509514-2}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Historic Figures: Benito Mussolini (1883–1945)|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/mussolini_benito.shtml|publisher=BBC – History – bbc.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930183005/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/mussolini_benito.shtml|archive-date=30 September 2018|access-date=7 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mussolini founds the Fascist party – Mar 23, 1919|url=http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mussolini-founds-the-fascist-party|publisher=History.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181021094047/https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mussolini-founds-the-fascist-party|archive-date=21 October 2018|access-date=7 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Historic Figures: Benito Mussolini (1883–1945)|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/mussolini_benito.shtml|publisher=BBC – History – bbc.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210154301/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/mussolini_benito.shtml|archive-date=10 December 2019|access-date=20 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author1=Michael Sanfey|year=2003|title=On Salazar and Salazarism|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30095666|journal=Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review|volume=92|issue=368|pages=405–411|jstor=30095666}}</ref>
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