Letusan Samalas 1257: Perbedaan antara revisi
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== Dampak sosial dan historis ==
[[Letusan Samalas]] menyebabkan [[bencana global]] pada tahun 1257–1258.<ref name="Reid2016"/> Letusan [[gunung berapi besar]] secara umum dapat menyebabkan berbagai bencana seperti [[kelaparan]], termasuk pada wilayah yang jauh dari gunung tersebut, akibat dampak [[iklim ]] yang ditimbulkannya.{{sfn|Stothers|2000|p=362}}
=== Kerajaan di Lombok dan Bali ===
Baris 124:
Problems were also recorded in China, Japan, and Korea.{{sfn|Hamilton|2013|p=40}} In Japan, the ''[[Azuma Kagami]]'' chronicle mentions that rice paddies and gardens were destroyed by the cold and wet weather,{{sfn|Guillet|Corona|Stoffel|Khodri|2017|p=125}} and the so-called [[Shôga famine]] may have been aggravated by bad weather in 1258 and 1259.{{sfn|Guillet|Corona|Stoffel|Khodri|2017|p=127}} Other effects of the eruption include a total darkening of the Moon in May 1258 during a [[lunar eclipse]],{{sfn|Timmreck|Lorenz|Crowley|Kinne|2009|p=1}} a phenomenon also recorded from Europe; volcanic aerosols reduce the amount of sunlight scattered into Earth's shadow and thus the brightness of the eclipsed Moon.{{sfn|Alloway|Andreastuti|Setiawan|Miksic|2017|p=96}} The effects of the eruption may also have hastened the decline of the [[Mongol Empire]], although the volcanic event is unlikely to have been the sole cause,{{sfn|Newhall|Self|Robock|2018|p=576}} and may have shifted its centre of power towards the Chinese part dominated by [[Kublai Khan]] which was more adapted to cold winter conditions.<ref name="HaoZheng2020" />
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== Lihat pula ==
* [[Zaman Es Kecil]]
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