[[Berkas:هلال رمضان.jpg|jmpl|Patung bulan sabit dihiasi dengan warna-warni dan indah diterangi pada bulan Ramadan di [[Yordania]].]]
'''Ramadan'''<ref name="a">{{cite web |author = [[Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa]] |title = KBBI Daring |website = kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id |url = https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/Ramadan |year = 2016 |edition = 5 |location = Jakarta|ref = harv|access-date=2018-06-30}}</ref> ({{lang-ar|{{Script/Arabic|رَمَضَانُ}}|Ramaḍān}}, {{IPA-ar|ramaˈdˤaːn|IPA}}{{efn|Dalam pengucapan Arab, kata ini dapat diucapkan menjadi {{IPA|[rɑmɑˈdˤɑːn, ramadˤɑːn, ræmæˈdˤɑːn]}}, tergantung wilayah. Kata Ramadan diucapkan menjadi /ram.dˤaːn/ dalam pengucapan [[Maroko]].}}) adalah bulan kesembilan dalam [[kalender Hijriah]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 Agustus 2011|title=Ramadan|url=httphttps://wwwkesan.bbc.co.ukid/religionfeed/religions/islam/practices/ramadan_1.shtml|title=Ramadan|date=5 Juli 2011kelahiran-kalender-hijriah-494d|website=BBCKESAN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728235749/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/practices/ramadan_1.shtml|archive-date=28 Juli 2012|access-date=17 Februari 2022}}</ref> dan dirayakan oleh umat [[Muslim]] di seluruh dunia dengan [[puasa]] ([[saum]]) dan memperingati wahyu pertama yang turun kepada Nabi [[Muhammad]] menurut keyakinan umat Muslim.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/722486.shtml | title= Muslims worldwide start to observe Ramadan |work= The Global Times Online | year= 2012 |access-date= 28 July 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://newsfeedresearcher.com/data/articles_w30_3/ramadan-muslims-fasting.html |title= The Muslim World Observes Ramadan |work= Power Text Solutions |year= 2012 |accessdate= 28 July 2012 |archive-date= 2021-02-11 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210211042928/http://newsfeedresearcher.com/data/articles_w30_3/ramadan-muslims-fasting.html |dead-url= yes }}</ref> [[Puasa Ramadan]] merupakan salah satu dari [[rukun Islam]].<ref name="BBC 2012">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/religion/islam/ramadan.shtml|title=''Schools – Religions''|publisher=BBC|access-date=25 July 2012|archive-date=2012-08-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120827092420/http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/religion/islam/ramadan.shtml|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Bulan Ramadan akan berlangsung selama 29–30 hari berdasarkan pengamatan hilal, menurut beberapa aturan yang tertulis dalam [[hadis]].<ref name="Bukhari">{{cite web |url= http://hadithcollection.com/sahihbukhari/64-Sahih%20Bukhari%20Book%2031.%20Fasting/2466-sahih-bukhari-volume-003-book-031-hadith-number-124.html |title= Sahih Bukhari – Book 031 (The Book of Fasting), Hadith 124. |first= AbdAllah-Muhammad |last= Bukhari-Ibn-Ismail |work= hadithcollection.com |accessdate= 25 July 2012 |archive-date= 2016-03-19 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160319042847/http://hadithcollection.com/sahihbukhari/64-Sahih%20Bukhari%20Book%2031.%20Fasting/2466-sahih-bukhari-volume-003-book-031-hadith-number-124.html |dead-url= yes }}</ref><ref name="Muslim">{{cite web |url= http://hadithcollection.com/sahihmuslim/134-Sahih%20Muslim%20Book%2006.%20Fasting/10970-sahih-muslim-book-006-hadith-number-2378.html |title= Sahih Muslim – Book 006 (The Book of Fasting), Hadith 2378. |first= Abul-Hussain |last= Muslim-Ibn-Habaj |work= hadithcollection.com |access-date= 25 July 2012 |archive-date= 2016-05-23 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160523160912/http://hadithcollection.com/sahihmuslim/134-Sahih%20Muslim%20Book%2006.%20Fasting/10970-sahih-muslim-book-006-hadith-number-2378.html |dead-url= yes }}</ref>
Kata Ramadan berasal dari akar kata bahasa Arab ''ramiḍa'' atau ''ar-ramaḍ,'' yang berarti panas yang menghanguskan atau kekeringan.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://hadithcollection.com/sahihmuslim/134-Sahih%20Muslim%20Book%2006.%20Fasting/10952-sahih-muslim-book-006-hadith-number-2391.html |title= Sahih Muslim – Book 006 (The Book of Fasting), Hadith 2391. |first= Abul-Hussain |last= Muslim-Ibn-Habaj | work= hadithcollection.com |access-date= 25 July 2012}}</ref> Puasa Ramadhan dalam hukumnya merupakan [[fardu|''fardhu'']] (diwajibkan) untuk Muslim dewasa, kecuali mengalami halangan untuk melakukannya seperti sakit, dalam perjalanan, sudah tua, hamil, menyusui, [[Diabetes mellitus|diabetes]] atau sedang mengalami [[menstruasi]].<ref>Fasting (Al Siyam) – {{lang|ar|الصيام}} – Page 18, el Bahay el Kholi, 1998</ref> Kewajiban berpuasa pada bulan Ramadan turun pada bulan [[Sya'ban]] tahun kedua setelah hijrahnya umat Muslim dari [[Makkah]] ke [[Madinah]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/201201/ramadan.in.the.farthest.north.htm|title=Saudi Aramco World: Ramadan in the Farthest North|publisher=|access-date=16 June 2015|archive-date=2015-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204183609/https://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/201201/ramadan.in.the.farthest.north.htm|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Bulan Ramadan diawali dengan penentuan [[hilal|bulan sabit]] sebagai pertanda bulan baru.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://islamqa.info/en/5842|title=How to pray and fast in countries where the day or night is continuous|publisher=|access-date=5 February 2017}}</ref>
