J.K. Rowling: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Pada Agustus 2020, Rowling mengembalikan Penghargaan Hak Asasi Manusia Robert F. Kennedy setelah [[Kerry Kennedy]] merilis pernyataan yang mengungkapkan "kekecewaan mendalam" atas "serangan terhadap komunitas transgender" Rowling, yang menurut Kennedy "tidak konsisten dengan keyakinan dan nilai-nilai fundamental Hak Asasi Manusia RFK dan pengkhianatan terhadap visi ayah saya".<ref name=RFKAward>{{cite news|url=https://amp.theguardian.com/books/2020/aug/28/jk-rowling-robert-f-kennedy-human-rights-award-trans-views|title=JK Rowling returns human rights award to group that denounces her trans views|last=Flood|first=Alison|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=28 August 2020|access-date=28 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release|url=https://rfkhumanrights.org/news/a-statement-from-kerry-kennedy-president-of-robert-f-kennedy-human-rights|title=A Statement from Kennedy|publisher=[[Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights]] |date=3 August 2020|access-date=11 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Statement from J.K. Rowling regarding the Robert F Kennedy Human Rights Ripple of Hope Award |url=https://www.jkrowling.com/opinions/statement-from-j-k-rowling-regarding-the-robert-f-kennedy-human-rights-ripple-of-hope-award/ |access-date=5 September 2020 |publisher= JK Rowling}}</ref> Rowling mengungkapkan ia "sangat sedih" atas pernyataan Kennedy, tetapi menyatakan bahwa tidak ada satupun penghargaan yang mencegahnya untuk "melepaskan hak mengikuti perintah" hati nuraninya.<ref name=RFKAward/>
==Penghargaan==
{{main|Daftar penghargaan dan nominasi yang diterima oleh J. K. Rowling}}
[[File:Jk-rowling-crop.JPG|thumb|right|upright|Rowling setelah menerima gelar kehormatan dari [[Universitas Aberdeen]]]]
Rowling telah memenangkan banyak penghargaan atas seri ''Harry Potter'' dalam bidang sastra umum, sastra anak dan [[fiksi spekulatif]]. Pada tahun 2000, ''[[Harry Potter dan Tawanan Azkaban|Tawanan Azkaban]]'' meraih nominasi [[Whitbread Book of the Year]] dan bersaing dengan buku karya pemenang [[hadiah Nobel]]. Juri penghargaan menganugerahinya penghargaan anak-anak; beberapa pakar memandang hal ini sebagai pengungkapan prasangka sastra terhadap buku anak-anak.{{sfn|Whited|2002|pp=6–7}}{{sfn|Nel|2001|p=59}} Seri ''Harry Potter'' telah memenangkan sejumlah [[British Book Awards]], dimulai dengan [[National Book Awards Children's Book of the Year|Children's Book of the Year]] untuk ''[[Harry Potter dan Batu Bertuah|Batu Bertuah]]''{{sfn|Nel|2001|p=72}} dan ''[[Harry Potter dan Kamar Rahasia|Kamar Rahasia]]'',{{sfn|Nel|2001|p=73}} diikuti oleh {{sfn|Nel|2001|p=73}} penghargaan umum Book of the Year untuk ''[[Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah-Campuran|Pangeran Berdarah-Campuran]]''.<ref name=HalfBloodBBA>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/31/arts/movies/arts-briefly.html?searchResultPosition=1 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |title=Arts, briefly |last= Van Gelder |first=Lawrence |date= 31 March 2006 |access-date=8 January 2022}}</ref> ''[[Harry Potter dan Piala Api|Piala Api]]'' memenangkan sejumlah penghargaan fiksi spekulatif, termasuk [[Hugo Award for Best Novel]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=26 July 2007|title=2001 Hugo Awards|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2001-hugo-awards/|access-date=8 January 2022|publisher=[[The Hugo Awards]]}}</ref>
Pada awal kariernya, Rowling dianugerahi [[Order of the British Empire]] (OBE) atas jasanya dalam bidang sastra anak pada tahun 2000,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/793844.stm |title=Caine heads birthday honours list |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090215125039/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/793844.stm |archive-date=15 February 2009 |publisher=[[BBC News]] |date=17 June 2000 |access-date=11 January 2022}}</ref> dan tiga tahun kemudian, ia menerima [[Princess of Asturias Awards#Prince or Princess of Asturias Award for Concord|Prince of Asturias Award for Concord]] di Spanyol.<ref name=asturias>{{cite news |url=https://elpais.com/cultura/2003/09/10/actualidad/1063144801_850215.html |language=Spanish |title=J.K. Rowling, creadora de Harry Potter, Príncipe de Asturias de la Concordia|trans-title=J.K. Rowling, creator of Harry Potter, Concord Príncipe de Asturias |date= 10 September 2003 |access-date=8 January 2022|work=[[El País]]}}</ref> Ia secara rutin dinobatkan sebagai pemenang Penulis Tahun Ini dan Karya Luar Biasa oleh British Book Awards sepanjang perilisan rentang seri ''Harry Potter''.{{sfn|Borah|2002|p=352}}<ref name=guardian-2008>{{cite news |url= https://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/apr/10/galaxyawards.awardsandprizes |work=[[The Guardian]] |title= Another honour for JK Rowling |first=Lindesay |last=Irvine |date=10 April 2008 |access-date=8 January 2022}}</ref> Setelah penerbitan ''[[Harry Potter dan Relikui Kematian|Relikui Kematian]]'', majalah ''[[Time (majalah)|Time]]'' menempatkan Rowling di posisi ke-2 [[Time Person of the Year|Person of the Year]] 2007, memuji inspirasi sosial, moral, dan politik yang ia berikan kepada para [[Fandom Harry Potter|penggemarnya]].<ref name=Gibbs>{{cite magazine |last=Gibbs |first=Nancy |date=19 December 2007 |url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/personoftheyear/article/0,28804,1690753_1695388_1695436,00.html |title=Person of the Year 2007: Runners-up: J.K. Rowling |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071221164141/http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/personoftheyear/article/0,28804,1690753_1695388_1695436,00.html |archive-date=21 December 2007 |access-date=23 December 2007 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> Dua tahun kemudian, ia dianugerahi [[Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur]] oleh Presiden Prancis [[Nicolas Sarkozy]],<ref name=legion>{{Cite news |last=Keaten |first=Jamey |title=France honors Harry Potter author Rowling |url=https://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2009-02-03-rowling_N.htm |date=3 February 2009 |access-date=7 November 2010 |work=[[USA Today]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207084012/http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2009-02-03-rowling_N.htm |archive-date=7 February 2009 }}</ref> dan ''[[The Guardian]]'' menjulukinya "Perempuan Paling Berpengaruh di Inggris".<ref name=Pearse2010>{{cite news|last=Pearse|first=Damien|date=11 October 2010|title=Harry Potter creator J.K. Rowling named Most Influential Woman in the UK|work=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/oct/11/harry-potter-jkrowling-influential-woman|url-status=live|access-date=11 October 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025163115/http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/oct/11/harry-potter-jkrowling-influential-woman|archive-date=25 October 2013}}</ref> Penghargaan lainnya meliputi [[Freedom of the City of London]] pada tahun 2012<ref>{{Cite news|date=8 May 2012|title=Harry Potter author JK Rowling gets Freedom of the City|publisher=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-17998117|access-date=8 January 2022}}</ref> dan [[Order of the Companions of Honour]] (CH) pada tahun 2017 atas jasanya dalam bidang sastra dan filantropi.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=61962|supp=1|page=B25|date=17 June 2017}}</ref>
Lembaga akademik telah menganugerahkan sejumlah penghargaan{{sfn|Pugh|2020|p=6}}<ref>{{cite news |title=Rowling gets honorary degree |date=23 November 2000 |publisher= [[Associated Press]]|url=https://apnews.com/article/88cb12b3a007cf9e87a4c9b37899b5aa |access-date=22 January 2022}}</ref> untuk Rowling, termasuk gelar kehormatan dari almamaternya [[Universitas Exeter]]<ref>{{cite news|title=J K Rowling given honorary degree at her alma mater|last=Pook|first=Sally|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1348603/J-K-Rowling-given-honorary-degree-at-her-alma-mater.html|date=15 July 2000|access-date=13 June 2020|url-access=registration|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100531003402/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1348603/J-K-Rowling-given-honorary-degree-at-her-alma-mater.html|archive-date=31 May 2010}}</ref> dan [[Universitas Harvard]], tempat ia berpidato dalam upacara kelulusan 2008.<ref name=Fringe/> Pada tahun yang sama, Rowling meraih [[James Joyce Award]] dari [[University College Dublin]].{{sfn|Pugh|2020|p=6}} Penghormatan lain yang diterimanya termasuk ditunjuk sebagai anggota [[Royal Society of Literature]] (FRSL),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://rsliterature.org/fellow/j-k-rowling-3/ |title=RSL Fellows: J.K. Rowling |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809183610/https://rsliterature.org/fellow/j-k-rowling-3/ |archive-date=9 August 2019 |publisher=[[Royal Society of Literature]] |accessdate=9 January 2022}}</ref> [[Fellowship of the Royal Society of Edinburgh|Royal Society of Edinburgh]] (HonFRSE),<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.rse.org.uk/fellow/joanne-rowling/|title=Dr Joanne Kathleen Rowling CH, OBE, HonFRSE – The Royal Society of Edinburgh|publisher=[[The Royal Society of Edinburgh]]|access-date=22 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122173611/https://www.rse.org.uk/fellow/joanne-rowling/|archive-date=22 November 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> dan [[Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh]] (FRCPE).<ref>{{cite web|title=College Fellows and Members recognised in Queen's Birthday Honours|url=https://www.rcpe.ac.uk/college/college-fellows-and-members-recognised-queens-birthday-honours|date=30 June 2017|publisher=[[Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh]]|access-date=4 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002221855/https://www.rcpe.ac.uk/college/college-fellows-and-members-recognised-queens-birthday-honours|archive-date=2 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
Karya Rowling yang lain juga mendapat pengakuan. Seri kelima ''[[Cormoran Strike]]'' memenangkan kategori Crime and Thriller dalam ajang British Book Awards 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/extras/indybest/books/british-book-awards-nibbies-2021-b1846831.html|title=British Book Awards winners: from first-time writers to a teenage activist and a skincare guru|last=Waite-Taylor|first=Eva|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 May 2021|access-date=14 May 2021}}</ref> Pada [[British Academy Film Awards]] 2011, seri film ''Harry Potter'' dinobatkan sebagai Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema; Rowling menerima penghargaan ini bersama produser [[David Heyman]] beserta pemeran dan kru film.<ref>{{cite web |title=100 BAFTA Moments – The ''Harry Potter'' Films Win the Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema Award |url=https://www.bafta.org/heritage/features/100-bafta-moments-52-days-to-go |publisher= [[British Academy of Film and Television Arts]] (BAFTA) |date=18 December 2014 |access-date=23 January 2022 |archive-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124063049/https://www.bafta.org/heritage/features/100-bafta-moments-52-days-to-go |url-status=live }}</ref> ''Harry Potter and the Cursed Child'' memecahkan rekor penerima penghargaan [[Laurence Olivier Awards]] pada tahun 2017.{{sfn|Brummitt|Sellars|2019|pp=108–11}}<ref name=Sulcas2018/>
== Buku ==
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