Kritik teks: Perbedaan antara revisi

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The Hodges–Farstad edition of the Greek New Testament attempts to use stemmatics for some portions.<ref>[http://www.skypoint.com/members/waltzmn/CriticalEds.html Critical Editions of the New Testament] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414211207/http://www.skypoint.com/members/waltzmn/CriticalEds.html |date=2009-04-14 }} at the ''Encyclopaedia of Textual Criticism''</ref>
 
=== PhylogeneticsFilogenetika ===
[[Image:Canterbury Tales.png|thumb|200px|''[[The Canterbury Tales|Aneka Cerita Canterbury]]'', Woodcutukiran kayu dari tahun 1484]]
[[PhylogeneticsFilogenetika]] isadalah ateknik techniquepinjaman borroweddari frombidang [[biologybiologi]], whereyang itmula-mula wasdi originallybidang namedtersebut diberi nama ''phylogeneticsistematika systematicsfilogenetis'' byoleh [[Willi Hennig]]. InDi biologybidang biologi, theteknik techniqueini isdigunakan useduntuk tomenentukan determine thehubungan [[evolutionevolusi]]ary relationships between differentoner antar[[speciesspesies]].<ref>Schuh 2000, phlm. 7</ref> InDalam itspenerapannya applicationdi inbidang textualkritik criticismteks, theteks textdari ofsejumlah asaksi numberberbeda ofdapat differentdiinput witnesseske maydalam bekomputer enteredyang intomerekam asemua computerperbedaan antarnaskah, whichatau recordsditurunkan alldari theaparatus differencesyang betweensudah them, or derived from an existing apparatusada. The manuscripts are thenNaskah-naskah groupedtersebut accordingkemudian todikelompokkan theirmenurut sharedkesamaan characteristicskarakteristik. The difference between phylogenetics and more traditional forms of statistical analysis is that, rather than simply arranging the manuscripts into rough groupings according to their overall similarity, phylogenetics assumes that they are part of a branching family tree and uses that assumption to derive relationships between them. This makes it more like an automated approach to stemmatics. However, where there is a difference, the computer does not attempt to decide which reading is closer to the original text, and so does not indicate which branch of the tree is the "root"—which manuscript tradition is closest to the original. Other types of evidence must be used for that purpose.
 
Phylogenetics faces the same difficulty as textual criticism: the appearance of characteristics in descendants of an ancestor other than by direct copying (or miscopying) of the ancestor, for example where a scribe combines readings from two or more different manuscripts ("contamination"). The same phenomenon is widely present among living organisms, as instances of [[horizontal gene transfer]] (or lateral gene transfer) and [[genetic recombination]], particularly among bacteria. Further exploration of the applicability of the different methods for coping with these problems across both living organisms and textual traditions is a promising area of study.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221145935_Chi-Squares_and_the_Phenomenon_of_Change_of_Exemplar_in_the_Dyutaparvan |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2017-05-16 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816060750/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221145935_Chi-Squares_and_the_Phenomenon_of_Change_of_Exemplar_in_the_Dyutaparvan |archivedate=2017-08-16 |df= }} Wendy J. Phillips-Rodriguez*, Christopher J. Howe, Heather F. Windram "Chi-Squares and the Phenomenon of 'Change of Exemplar' in the Dyutaparvan", Sanskrit Computational Linguistics, First and Second International Symposia Rocquencourt, France, October 29–31, 2007 Providence, RI, U, May 15–17, 2008 Revised Selected and Invited Papers; Windram, H. F., Howe, C. J., Spencer M.: "The identification of exemplar change in the Wife of Bath's Prologue using the maximum chi-squared method". ''Literary and Linguistic Computing'' 20, 189–-204 (2005).</ref>