Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2022: Perbedaan antara revisi
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== Proses pemilihan ==
Kalender penawaran diumumkan oleh IOC (Komite Olimpiade Internasional) pada Oktober 2012, dengan batas waktu pendaftaran ditetapkan 14 November 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Host City Election|url=https://olympics.com/ioc/2022-host-city-election|url-status=live|access-date=8 February 2022|website=International Olympic Committee|archive-date=24 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124002814/https://olympics.com/ioc/2022-host-city-election
Beberapa kota menarik tawaran mereka selama proses tersebut, dengan alasan tingginya biaya atau kurangnya dukungan lokal dan pendanaan untuk menjadi tuan rumah Olimpiade.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Abend|first=Lisa|date=3 October 2014|title=Why Nobody Wants to Host the 2022 Winter Olympics|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|url=http://time.com/3462070/olympics-winter-2022/|url-status=live|access-date=19 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150918021002/http://time.com/3462070/olympics-winter-2022/|archive-date=18 September 2015}}</ref> Tawaran Oslo, yang dianggap sebagai yang terdepan, dibatalkan setelah serangkaian pengungkapan tentang tuntutan Komite Olimpiade Internasional (IOC) untuk perlakuan mewah terhadap anggota IOC yang sangat mengubah opini publik dan mayoritas parlemen menentang tawaran tersebut. Kota menarik permohonan mereka untuk pendanaan pemerintah setelah mayoritas [[parlemen Norwegia]] menyatakan niat mereka untuk menolak permohonan tersebut. Beberapa hari sebelum keputusan tersebut, media Norwegia telah mengungkapkan "tuntutan seperti diva untuk perawatan mewah" IOC bagi anggota IOC itu sendiri, seperti jalur khusus di semua jalan yang hanya digunakan oleh anggota IOC dan resepsi koktail di [[Istana Kerajaan Oslo|Istana Kerajaan]] dengan minuman. dibayar oleh keluarga kerajaan. IOC juga "menuntut kontrol atas semua ruang iklan di seluruh Oslo" untuk digunakan secara eksklusif oleh sponsor IOC, sesuatu yang tidak mungkin dilakukan di Norwegia karena pemerintah tidak memiliki atau mengontrol "semua ruang iklan di seluruh Oslo" dan tidak memiliki wewenang untuk memberikan sebuah organisasi swasta asing penggunaan eksklusif sebuah kota dan milik pribadi di dalamnya.<ref>{{cite news|title=IOC hits out as Norway withdraws Winter Olympic bid|work=The Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/d8938ffc-4a04-11e4-8de3-00144feab7de|
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== Kekhawatiran dan kontroversi==
[[File:2022 Winter Olympics (Beijing) boycotting countries (blue).svg|thumb|Negara yang telah menyampaikan boikot diplomatik terhadap Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2022]]
Penggunaan sanksi perdagangan dan paksaan ekonomi oleh Tiongkok<ref name="japa_Miti">{{cite web|title=Mitigating China's economic coercion|last=Nagy|first=Stephen R.|newspaper=[[The Japan Times]]|date=21 May 2020|access-date=23 December 2020|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2020/05/21/commentary/mitigating-chinas-economic-coercion/|quote=economic coercion|archive-date=19 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119155124/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2020/05/21/commentary/mitigating-chinas-economic-coercion/|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="broo_Grea">{{cite web|title=Great expectations: The unraveling of the Australia-China relationship|last=Kassam|first=Natasha|publisher=[[Brookings Institution]]|date=20 July 2020|access-date=23 December 2020|url=https://www.brookings.edu/articles/great-expectations-the-unraveling-of-the-australia-china-relationship/|quote=economic coercion|archive-date=18 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218200914/https://www.brookings.edu/articles/great-expectations-the-unraveling-of-the-australia-china-relationship/|url-status=live }}</ref> terhadap [[Australia]] telah menyebabkan meningkatnya seruan di Australia untuk memboikot Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2022.<ref name="thed_Cont" /> Pada November 2020, Senator Australia Jacqui Lambie dan Rex Patrick secara resmi mengusulkan boikot. Proposal mereka kemudian ditolak.<ref name="thed_Cont">{{cite web|title=Continued Deterioration in Australia-China Relations Fuels Talk of Olympic Boycott|last=Citowicki|first=Philip|magazine=[[The Diplomat]]|date=20 November 2020|url=https://thediplomat.com/2020/11/continued-deterioration-in-australia-china-relations-fuels-talk-of-olympic-boycott/|archive-date=17 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217094146/https://thediplomat.com/2020/11/continued-deterioration-in-australia-china-relations-fuels-talk-of-olympic-boycott/|url-status=live|access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref> Beberapa organisasi hak asasi manusia telah menyerukan boikot diplomatik yang berarti negara-negara tidak mengirim kepala negara atau pejabat tinggi mereka ke Olimpiade tetapi masih mengirim atlet.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hillier|first1=Bianca|title=Human rights groups weigh boycott of 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing|url=https://www.pri.org/stories/2020-11-12/human-rights-groups-weigh-boycott-2022-winter-olympics-beijing|website=Pri.org|publisher=[[Public Radio International]]|access-date=27 November 2020|archive-date=25 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125192022/https://www.pri.org/stories/2020-11-12/human-rights-groups-weigh-boycott-2022-winter-olympics-beijing|url-status=live }}</ref> Tiga belas Anggota Parlemen Kanada menandatangani surat yang menyerukan agar pertandingan dipindahkan ke luar Tiongkok. Tiga pemimpin partai telah mendukung relokasi pertandingan, dan satu pemimpin bahkan menyatakan bahwa dia mendukung pemindahan pertandingan ke Kanada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/canada-should-consider-hosting-2022-winter-olympics-says-green-leader-annamie-paul-1.5907328|title=Archived copy|access-date=10 February 2021|archive-date=10 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210210045147/https://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/canada-should-consider-hosting-2022-winter-olympics-says-green-leader-annamie-paul-1.5907328|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/o-toole-relocate-olympic-games-2020-1.5915318|title=Archived copy|access-date=18 February 2021|archive-date=18 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210218170131/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/o-toole-relocate-olympic-games-2020-1.5915318|url-status=live }}</ref> Pada Februari 2021 enam Senator AS dari [[Partai Republik (Amerika Serikat)|Partai Republik]] menyerukan agar Olimpiade dipindahkan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=US senators urge IOC to remove 2022 Winter Olympics from China|url=https://au.news.yahoo.com/rights-groups-urge-world-leaders-084403242.html|access-date=7 March 2021|website=au.news.yahoo.com|language=en-AU|archive-date=5 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305172220/https://au.news.yahoo.com/rights-groups-urge-world-leaders-084403242.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
▲Penggunaan sanksi perdagangan dan paksaan ekonomi oleh Tiongkok<ref name="japa_Miti">{{cite web|title=Mitigating China's economic coercion|last=Nagy|first=Stephen R.|newspaper=[[The Japan Times]]|date=21 May 2020|access-date=23 December 2020|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2020/05/21/commentary/mitigating-chinas-economic-coercion/|quote=economic coercion|archive-date=19 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119155124/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2020/05/21/commentary/mitigating-chinas-economic-coercion/|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="broo_Grea">{{cite web|title=Great expectations: The unraveling of the Australia-China relationship|last=Kassam|first=Natasha|publisher=[[Brookings Institution]]|date=20 July 2020|access-date=23 December 2020|url=https://www.brookings.edu/articles/great-expectations-the-unraveling-of-the-australia-china-relationship/|quote=economic coercion|archive-date=18 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218200914/https://www.brookings.edu/articles/great-expectations-the-unraveling-of-the-australia-china-relationship/|url-status=live }}</ref> terhadap [[Australia]] telah menyebabkan meningkatnya seruan di Australia untuk memboikot Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2022.<ref name="thed_Cont" /> Pada November 2020, Senator Australia Jacqui Lambie dan Rex Patrick secara resmi mengusulkan boikot. Proposal mereka kemudian ditolak.<ref name="thed_Cont">{{cite web|title=Continued Deterioration in Australia-China Relations Fuels Talk of Olympic Boycott|last=Citowicki|first=Philip|magazine=[[The Diplomat]]|date=20 November 2020|url=https://thediplomat.com/2020/11/continued-deterioration-in-australia-china-relations-fuels-talk-of-olympic-boycott/|archive-date=17 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217094146/https://thediplomat.com/2020/11/continued-deterioration-in-australia-china-relations-fuels-talk-of-olympic-boycott/|url-status=live|access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref> Beberapa organisasi hak asasi manusia telah menyerukan boikot diplomatik yang berarti negara-negara tidak mengirim kepala negara atau pejabat tinggi mereka ke Olimpiade tetapi masih mengirim atlet.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hillier|first1=Bianca|title=Human rights groups weigh boycott of 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing|url=https://www.pri.org/stories/2020-11-12/human-rights-groups-weigh-boycott-2022-winter-olympics-beijing|website=Pri.org|publisher=[[Public Radio International]]|access-date=27 November 2020|archive-date=25 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125192022/https://www.pri.org/stories/2020-11-12/human-rights-groups-weigh-boycott-2022-winter-olympics-beijing|url-status=live }}</ref> Tiga belas Anggota Parlemen Kanada menandatangani surat yang menyerukan agar pertandingan dipindahkan ke luar Tiongkok. Tiga pemimpin partai telah mendukung relokasi pertandingan, dan satu pemimpin bahkan menyatakan bahwa dia mendukung pemindahan pertandingan ke Kanada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/canada-should-consider-hosting-2022-winter-olympics-says-green-leader-annamie-paul-1.5907328|title=Archived copy|access-date=10 February 2021|archive-date=10 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210210045147/https://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/canada-should-consider-hosting-2022-winter-olympics-says-green-leader-annamie-paul-1.5907328|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/o-toole-relocate-olympic-games-2020-1.5915318|title=Archived copy|access-date=18 February 2021|archive-date=18 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210218170131/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/o-toole-relocate-olympic-games-2020-1.5915318|url-status=live }}</ref> Pada Februari 2021 enam Senator AS dari [[Partai Republik (Amerika Serikat)|Partai Republik]] menyerukan agar Olimpiade dipindahkan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=US senators urge IOC to remove 2022 Winter Olympics from China|url=https://au.news.yahoo.com/rights-groups-urge-world-leaders-084403242.html|access-date=7 March 2021|website=au.news.yahoo.com|language=en-AU|archive-date=5 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305172220/https://au.news.yahoo.com/rights-groups-urge-world-leaders-084403242.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Tweede Kamer|Anggota parlemen]] [[Belanda]] [[Sjoerd Sjoerdsma]], yang [[Demokrat 66|partainya]] mendukung seruan perlakuan terhadap [[Uighur]] sebagai genosida, mengatakan Olimpiade harus dicabut dari Tiongkok.<ref name="politico.eu">{{cite web|date=4 March 2021|title=Critics question China's right to host Winter Olympics|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/china-beijing-2022-winter-olympics-human-rights-violations-uighurs/|website=POLITICO|language=en-US|archive-date=10 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310022020/https://www.politico.eu/article/china-beijing-2022-winter-olympics-human-rights-violations-uighurs/|url-status=live|access-date=7 March 2021}}</ref> Pada bulan Maret 2021, pemain ski alpine Amerika [[Mikaela Shiffrin]] mengatakan bahwa dia tidak harus memilih antara moral dan pekerjaannya karena masalah hak asasi manusia yang diangkat selama pertandingan.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mikaela Shiffrin doesn't want to have to choose between 'morality versus being able to do your job' at the 2022 Winter Olympics|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/03/02/sport/mikaela-shiffrin-beijing-winter-olympics-2022-spt-intl/index.html|url-status=live|access-date=7 March 2021|archive-date=7 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307154155/https://edition.cnn.com/2021/03/02/sport/mikaela-shiffrin-beijing-winter-olympics-2022-spt-intl/index.html}}</ref> Pada April 2021, Komisi Kebebasan Beragama Internasional AS merekomendasikan agar pejabat pemerintah AS memboikot Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2022 "jika tindakan keras pemerintah Tionghoa terhadap kebebasan beragama terus berlanjut."<ref name="Reuters Religious Freedom">{{cite news|last1=Lewis|first1=Simon|last2=Martina|first2=Michael|title=Panel recommends that U.S. officials not go to China's Olympics|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/panel-recommends-that-us-officials-not-go-chinas-olympics-2021-04-21/|access-date=22 April 2021|work=Reuters|date=21 April 2021|archive-date=22 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422022140/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/panel-recommends-that-us-officials-not-go-chinas-olympics-2021-04-21/|url-status=live }}</ref> Setelah laporan itu, Senator [[Mitt Romney]] (yang menjabat sebagai CEO dari Panitia Penyelenggara untuk [[Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2002]]) dan [[Tim Kaine]] menambahkan amandemen RUU Tiongkok yang lebih besar yang menyerukan boikot diplomatik terhadap Olimpiade 2022, di mana pejabat AS tidak akan hadir tetapi atlet AS masih bisa bersaing.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Steven|first1=Dennis T.|title='Diplomatic Boycott' of Beijing Olympics Added to China Bill|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-21/-diplomatic-boycott-of-beijing-olympics-added-to-china-bill?sref=iln6Reat|access-date=22 April 2021|work=Bloomberg|date=21 April 2021|archive-date=22 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422022143/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-21/-diplomatic-boycott-of-beijing-olympics-added-to-china-bill?sref=iln6Reat|url-status=live }}</ref> Pada Mei 2021, Ketua DPR [[Nancy Pelosi]] juga menyerukan boikot diplomatik.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ni|first1=Vincent|title=China labels Nancy Pelosi 'full of lies' after call for Winter Olympics boycott|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/may/19/nancy-pelosi-calls-for-us-diplomatic-boycott-of-beijing-winter-olympics|access-date=3 June 2021|work=The Guardian|date=19 May 2021|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602081934/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/may/19/nancy-pelosi-calls-for-us-diplomatic-boycott-of-beijing-winter-olympics|url-status=live }}</ref> Mantan Presiden AS [[Donald Trump]] mengatakan boikot penuh akan "tidak adil bagi atlet."<ref>{{cite news|title=Cruz: Americans should compete against China in 2022 Beijing Olympics and 'kick their commie a--es'|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/cruz-americans-compete-against-china-2022-beijing-olympics|work=Fox News|date=19 June 2021|access-date=21 June 2021|archive-date=21 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210621193522/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/cruz-americans-compete-against-china-2022-beijing-olympics|url-status=live }}</ref>
Pada Februari 2021, tabloid ''[[Global Times]]'' milik [[Partai Komunis Tiongkok]] memperingatkan bahwa Tiongkok dapat "memberikan sanksi serius kepada negara mana pun yang mengikuti boikot." Pada Maret 2021, juru bicara Tiongkok Guo Weimin menyatakan bahwa segala upaya untuk memboikot Olimpiade akan dilakukan ditakdirkan untuk gagal.<ref>{{Cite news|title=China: Calls for 2022 Winter Olympics boycott doomed to fail|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Sports/wireStory/china-calls-2022-winter-olympics-boycott-doomed-fail-76221092|url-status=live|access-date=7 March 2021|archive-date=9 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309231627/https://abcnews.go.com/Sports/wireStory/china-calls-2022-winter-olympics-boycott-doomed-fail-76221092}}</ref> Menteri Luar Negeri Tiongkok [[Wang Yi (politikus)|Wang Yi]] juga mengatakan kepada kepala kebijakan luar negeri Uni Eropa [[Josep Borrell]] bahwa mereka harus menghadiri pertandingan untuk "meningkatkan pertukaran pada olahraga musim dingin," dan untuk "mendorong sorotan baru" dalam kerja sama bilateral.<ref name="politico.eu" />
IOC telah menyatakan bahwa pihaknya tetap netral dalam semua masalah politik global dan bahwa penghargaan menjadi tuan rumah pertandingan tidak berarti bahwa IOC setuju dengan struktur politik, keadaan sosial, atau standar hak asasi manusia di negara tempat mereka ditahan.
Dalam survei yang dilakukan pada Agustus 2021, 49 persen orang Amerika percaya bahwa catatan hak asasi manusia Tiongkok seharusnya mencegahnya menjadi tuan rumah Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2022, sementara 33 persen tidak yakin.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nather|first=David|url=https://www.axios.com/beijing-olympics-trouble-axios-momentive-poll-670761b3-fd99-4a42-b332-bfe33f6feb44.html|title=Ax2. Exclusive poll: Trouble ahead for the Beijing Olympics|work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]|date=7 August 2021|access-date=18 November 2021 }}</ref>
Pada 8 September 2021, setelah IOC menangguhkan [[Komite Olimpiade Nasional|KON]] [[Korea Utara]] karena tidak hadir di [[Olimpiade Musim Panas 2020]], muncul spekulasi apakah IOC juga berniat mengirim pesan ke negara-negara yang mempertimbangkan untuk memboikot permainan tersebut sehingga mereka dapat dilarang. dari partisipasi di Olimpiade mendatang jika mereka memilih untuk memboikot edisi ini.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Saric|first=Ivana|title=North Korea suspended from 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics|url=https://www.axios.com/ioc-suspend-north-korea-2022-olympics-6c170c50-2812-4942-8d64-c9fe3b9993a9.html|access-date=9 September 2021|website=Axios|language=en|archive-date=9 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210909191101/https://www.axios.com/ioc-suspend-north-korea-2022-olympics-6c170c50-2812-4942-8d64-c9fe3b9993a9.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Armour|first1=Nancy|title=North Korea barred from Beijing Olympics because of its decision to skip Tokyo Games|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/beijing/2021/09/08/north-korea-banned-from-2022-winter-olympic-games/5773324001/|access-date=8 September 2021|work=USA Today|date=8 September 2021|archive-date=9 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210909000641/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/beijing/2021/09/08/north-korea-banned-from-2022-winter-olympic-games/5773324001/|url-status=live}}</ref> Pada 14 Oktober 2021, wakil presiden eksekutif IOC, John Coates dari Australia, mengatakan bahwa IOC tidak akan menantang pemerintah Tiongkok atas masalah Uighur, dengan menyatakan bahwa itu "tidak dalam kewenangan IOC"<ref>{{Cite news|last=Reuters|date=13 October 2021|title=IOC's Coates rules out pressuring China over human rights|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/iocs-coates-rules-out-pressuring-china-over-human-rights-2021-10-13/|access-date=15 October 2021}}</ref> Pada 19 November 2021, 17 anggota parlemen nasional Lituania Seimas merilis surat resmi yang mendorong Lituania untuk mundur dari Olimpiade 2022 karena pelanggaran hak asasi manusia di Tiongkok.<ref>{{Cite news|date=19 November 2021|title=Grupė Lietuvos parlamentarų ragina boikotuoti Pekino žiemos olimpines žaidynes|journal=The Wall Street Journal. Eastern Edition|language=lt|url=https://www.delfi.lt/sportas/kitos-sporto-sakos/grupe-lietuvos-parlamentaru-ragina-boikotuoti-pekino-ziemos-olimpines-zaidynes.d?id=88717353|access-date=28 November 2021|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> Daina Gudzinevičiūtė, presiden Komite Olimpiade Nasional Lituania, mengeluarkan pernyataan yang mengatakan bahwa Olimpiade harus netral secara politik dan menegaskan bahwa komite tidak memiliki rencana untuk memboikot Olimpiade.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ltok.lt/ltok-pozicija-del-siulymo-sportininkams-biokotuoti-pekino-ziemos-olimpines-zaidynes/|title=LTOK pozicija dėl siūlymo sportininkams boikotuoti Pekino žiemos olimpines žaidynes|website=Lietuvos tautinis olimpinis komitetas|language=lt|date=23 November 2021|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=23 November 2021|title=Po Seimo narių prašymo boikotuoti Pekino olimpinės žaidynes – griežtas LTOK atsakas|journal=The Wall Street Journal. Eastern Edition|language=lt|url=https://www.15min.lt/sportas/naujiena/kita/po-seimo-nariu-prasymo-boikotuoti-pekino-olimpines-zaidynes-grieztas-ltok-atsakas-26-1602488|access-date=28 November 2021|issn=0099-9660}}</ref>
Pada 29 November 2021, media Tiongkok melaporkan bahwa Tiongkok dilaporkan tidak berencana mengundang politisi Barat yang mengancam boikot diplomatik ke Olimpiade Musim Dingin Beijing.<ref>{{cite news|title=China reportedly does not plan to invite Western politicians who threaten diplomatic boycott of Beijing Olympics|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/olympics/article-china-reportedly-does-not-plan-to-invite-western-politicians-who/|access-date=7 December 2021|agency=Reuters|publisher=The Globe and Mail|date=29 November 2021}}</ref>
Pada 3 Desember 2021, Lituania menjadi negara pertama yang mengumumkan boikot diplomatik terhadap olahraga tersebut.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lithuania confirms diplomatic boycott of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/world/asia/lithuania-confirms-diplomatic-boycott-of-beijing-2022-winter-olympics20211203200952/|access-date=8 December 2021|website=ANI News|language=en}}</ref>
Pada 6 Desember 2021, Sekretaris Pers Presiden AS [[Jen Psaki]] mengumumkan bahwa pemerintahan Presiden [[Joseph Biden]] akan memulai boikot diplomatik terhadap Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2022 dan Paralimpiade Musim Dingin 2022. Boikot diplomatik akan melarang semua pejabat pemerintah AS menghadiri pertandingan dalam kapasitas resmi. Gedung Putih mengutip perlakuan buruk Tiongkok terhadap orang-orang Uighur sebagai alasan boikot. Boikot diplomatik tidak akan mempengaruhi partisipasi atlet Amerika. Gedung Putih mengatakan pihaknya menghentikan boikot penuh karena "tidak adil menghukum atlet yang telah berlatih selama bertahun-tahun".<ref>{{Cite web|last=CNN|first=Allie Malloy and Kate Sullivan|title=White House announces US diplomatic boycott of 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/12/06/politics/us-diplomatic-boycott-winter-olympics/index.html|access-date=6 December 2021|website=CNN}}</ref> IOC menanggapi keputusan AS dengan mengatakan, "Kehadiran pejabat pemerintah dan diplomat adalah murni keputusan politik untuk setiap pemerintah, yang IOC dalam netralitas politiknya sepenuhnya menghormati. Pada saat yang sama, pengumuman ini juga memperjelas bahwa Pertandingan Olimpiade dan partisipasi para atlet berada di luar politik, dan kami menyambut ini."<ref>{{Cite web|date=6 December 2021|title=IOC statement on today's announcement by the US government - Olympic News|url=https://olympics.com/ioc/news/ioc-statement-on-today-s-announcement-by-the-us-government|access-date=7 December 2021|website=International Olympic Committee|language=en}}</ref> Selandia Baru kemudian mengumumkan tidak akan mengirim diplomat ke China untuk Olimpiade, dengan alasan "berbagai faktor" untuk keputusan tersebut, terutama [[pandemi Covid-19]] yang sedang berlangsung.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Reuters|date=7 December 2021|title=New Zealand won't send diplomats to Beijing Olympics, cites COVID-19|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/new-zealand-wont-send-diplomats-beijing-olympics-cites-covid-19-2021-12-07/|access-date=9 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Brockett|first1=Matthew|title=New Zealand Diplomats Won't Attend Winter Olympics in China|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-06/new-zealand-diplomats-won-t-attend-winter-olympics-in-china|work=Bloomberg|access-date=8 December 2021|date=6 December 2021}}</ref>
Pada 8 Desember 2021, empat negara lagi secara resmi mengumumkan boikot. Australia mengumumkan boikot diplomatik terhadap olahraga tersebut, serta penolakannya untuk menandatangani Gencatan Senjata Olimpiade [[PBB]] untuk juga mengirim pesan ke Beijing.<ref>{{Cite web|work=The Age|title=Australia won't send officials to China for Winter Olympics|url=https://www.theage.com.au/politics/federal/australia-won-t-send-officials-to-china-for-winter-olympics-20211207-p59fee.html}}</ref> Pada hari yang sama, Britania Raya mengumumkan boikot diplomatik terhadap pertandingan tersebut.<ref>{{Cite web|title=UK 'effectively' plans a diplomatic boycott of Beijing Winter Olympics, joining the United States, Australia and Lithuania|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/olympics/ct-beijing-olympics-boycott-20211208-ulkmscjcgvfnhhserfuuyyokiy-story.html|access-date=8 December 2021|website=chicagotribune.com}}</ref> Tak lama setelah itu, Kanada juga mengumumkan boikot diplomatik terhadap Olimpiade.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Schnell|first=Mychael|date=8 December 2021
|title=Canada announces diplomatic boycott of Beijing Olympics|url=https://thehill.com/policy/international/584923-canada-announces-diplomatic-boycott-of-beijing-olympics|access-date=8 December 2021|website=The Hill|language=en}}</ref> Kosovo kemudian menyusul dengan pengumuman boikot mereka.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://albaniandailynews.com/news/kosovo-boycotts-olympic-games-in-beijing|title=Kosovo boycotts Olympic Games in Beijing|date=9 December 2021|accessdate=7 February 2022|publisher=Albanian Daily News}}</ref>
Pada 11 Desember 2021, Jepang mengumumkan tidak akan mengirim menteri Kabinet ke Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2022, menyelaraskan dirinya dengan negara lainnya yang menyatakan boikot diplomatik. Namun, pihaknya akan mengirimkan presiden Komite Olimpiade Jepang, Yasuhiro Yamashita.<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 December 2021|title= Japan won't send Cabinet ministers to attend Beijing Olympics|url= https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/12/11/national/politics-diplomacy/japan-china-olympic-boycott-beijing/|access-date=13 December 2021|website=Japantimes}}</ref>
Pada 13 Desember 2021, [[Presiden Estonia]] [[Alar Karis]] mengumumkan dia tidak akan menghadiri Olimpiade Musim Dingin 2022, alasan faktor politik.<ref name="Estonian boycott">{{Cite news|title=Daily: President Karis joining Beijing winter games political boycott|url=https://news.err.ee/1608433595/daily-president-karis-joining-beijing-winter-games-political-boycott/|date=13 December 2021|access-date=17 December 2021|work=ERR.ee}}</ref> Pada 14 Desember 2021, Belgia mengumumkan boikot diplomatik terhadap Olimpiade.<ref name="Belgia boikot diplomatik" />
Lebih dari 200 organisasi hak asasi manusia telah menyuarakan boikot pertandingan. Kelompok-kelompok yang memprotes pertandingan itu menyebut mereka "Pertandingan Genosida".<ref>{{cite web|last1=O'Donnell|first1=Noreen|title=What's Behind the Calls for an Olympic Boycott?|url=https://www.nbcconnecticut.com/news/national-international/whats-behind-the-calls-for-an-olympic-boycott/2705373/|website=nbcconnecticut.com|publisher=NBC Connecticut|access-date=31 January 2022}}</ref>
=== Ketidakhadiran ===
Baris 910 ⟶ 925:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* {{flag|Amerika Serikat}}<ref>{{Cite news|title=White House announces US diplomatic boycott of 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/12/06/politics/us-diplomatic-boycott-winter-olympics/index.html|website=CNN|access-date=8 Desember 2021|date=6 Desember 2021|language=en-us}}</ref>
* {{flag|Australia}}<ref>{{Cite news|title=2022
* {{flag|Belgia}}<ref name="Belgia boikot diplomatik">{{Cite news|title=Beijing Olympics boycott: Belgium follows in the footstep of US & UK|url=https://thebl.com/world-news/beijing-olympics-boycott-belgium-follows-in-the-footstep-of-us-uk.html|access-date=17 December 2021|date=16 December 2021|lang=en|website=The BL}}</ref>
* {{flag|Britania Raya}}<ref>{{Cite news|title=Australia, Inggris bergabung dengan boikot diplomatik Olimpiade Musim Dingin Beijing|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/china/australia-joins-diplomatic-boycott-beijing-winter-games-2021-12-08/|website=Reuters|access-date=8 Desember 2021|date=8 Desember 2021}}</ref>
* {{flag|Ceko}}<ref>{{Cite news|title=The Czechia will join the diplomatic boycott of the Olympics. "No government will go to Beijing," Fiala said|url=https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-domov/fiala-olympijske-hry-2022-diplomaticky-bojkot_2201281320_pj|website=irozhlas.cz|access-date=4 February 2022|date=28 January 2022|lang=Czech}}</ref>▼
* {{flag|Denmark}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Denmark to join diplomatic boycott of Beijing Olympics over human rights|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/denmark-join-diplomatic-boycott-beijing-olympics-over-human-rights-2022-01-14/|access-date=14 January 2022|date=14 January 2022|work=Reuters}}</ref>
* {{flag|India}}<ref>{{Cite news|date=3 February 2022|title=India joins diplomatic boycott of Beijing Olympics over role of Chinese soldier from border clash|language=en-US|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/olympics/2022/02/03/olympics-india-china-torch-boycott/|url-access=subscription|access-date=2022-02-04|issn=0190-8286}}</ref>
Baris 925 ⟶ 941:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* {{flag|Austria}}<ref>{{Cite news|last=Noyan|first=Oliver|title=Austria mengatakan boikot Olimpiadenya tidak politis|url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/short_news/%e2%80%8b%e2%80%8baustria-says-its-olympic-boycott-is-not-political/|date=15 Desember 2021|access-date=19 Desember 2021|website=Euractiv|language=en-GB}}</ref>
* {{flag|Belanda}}<ref name = Whoolympics/>
▲* {{flag|Ceko}}<ref>{{Cite news|title=The Czechia will join the diplomatic boycott of the Olympics. "No government will go to Beijing," Fiala said|url=https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-domov/fiala-olympijske-hry-2022-diplomaticky-bojkot_2201281320_pj|website=irozhlas.cz|access-date=4 February 2022|date=28 January 2022|lang=Czech}}</ref>
* {{flag|Estonia}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Estonian government officials in no mood to attend Beijing Olympics|url=https://bnn-news.com/estonian-government-officials-in-no-mood-to-attend-beijing-olympics-231890|access-date=18 January 2022|date=18 January 2022|work=Baltic News Network|lang=en}}</ref>
* {{flag|Finlandia}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.suomenmaa.fi/uutiset/kurvinen-peruu-pekingin-matkansa-karanteeniriskin-vuoksi-kyse-ei-ole-ulkopoliittisesta-ratkaisusta/|title=Kurvinen peruu Pekingin-matkansa karanteeniriskin vuoksi – "Kyse ei ole ulkopoliittisesta ratkaisusta"|trans-title=Kurvinen cancels his trip to Beijing because of quarantine risk - "This is not a foreign policy solution"|language=fi|date=2 February 2022|website=www.suomenmaa.fi/|publisher=[[Suomenmaa]]|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>
* {{flag|Jerman}} <ref name = Whoolympics/>
* {{flag|Jepang}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Japan will not send government delegation to Beijing Olympics|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/japan-put-off-sending-officials-beijing-olympics-nhk-says-2021-12-23|access-date=4 February 2022|work=Reuters|date=December 24, 2021}}</ref>
* {{flag|Norwegia}}<ref name = Whoolympics>{{cite news|title=World leaders: Who's coming, who isn't to Beijing Olympics|url=https://apnews.com/article/winter-olympics-dignitaries-attending-beijing-2022-7b8a52f7bab22720de2b90895e008ea1|access-date=4 February 2022|work=Associated Press|date=4 February 2022}}</ref>
* {{flag|Selandia Baru}}<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Brockett|first1=Matthew|title=Para diplomat Selandia Baru Tidak Akan Menghadiri Olimpiade Musim Dingin di China|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-12-06/new-zealand-diplomats-won-t-attend-winter-olympics-in-china|work=Bloomberg|access-date=8 Desember 2021|date=6 Desember 2021 }}</ref>
* {{flag|Slovenia}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Beijing Winter Olympics: Why are they controversial?|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/explainers-59644043|access-date=4 February 2022|agency=British Broadcasting Corporation|date=3 February 2022}}</ref>
* {{flag|Swedia}}<ref name = Whoolympics/>
* {{flag|Swiss}}<ref name = Whoolympics/>
{{div col end}}
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