|
== Sunting teks-terbaik ==
Kritikus [[Joseph Bédier]] (1864–1938), yang pernah menggunakan stematika, menyerang metode tersebut pada tahun 1928.<!-- HeIa surveyedmenelaah editionsedisi-edisi ofkritis medievaltek-teks FrenchPrancis textsAbad thatPertengahan wereyang produceddihasilkan withmelalui themetode stemmaticstematika method,dan andmendapati foundbahwa thatrata-rata textualpara criticskritikus tendedteks overwhelminglycenderung tomenghasilkan producepohon-pohon bifidsilsilah treesbifid, dividedyaitu intopohon justsilsilah twoyang branches.hanya Hebercabang concludeddua. thatIa thismenyimpulkan outcomebahwa washasil unlikelysemacam toini havemustahil occurredmuncul bytanpa chancesengaja, anddan thatoleh therefore,karena theitu methodmetode wasstematika tendingcenderung tomenghasilkan producestema-stema bipartitebercabang stemmasdua regardlesstanpa ofpandang theriwayat actualaktual historysaksi-saksi. ofIa thecuriga witnesses.kalau Hepara suspectedpenyunting thatcenderung editorsmenyukai tendedpohon-pohon tosilsilah favorbercabang treesdua, withlantaran twopohon-pohon branches,slsilah assemacam thisitu wouldmemberi maximizeruang theyang opportunitiesluas forbagi editorialpenilaian judgmentpenyunting (askarena theretidak wouldada becabang noketiga thirdyang branchdapat to"memutuskan hubungan"break theapabila tie"saksi-saksi whenevertidak thebersesuaian witnessessatu disagreedsama lain). HeIa alsojuga notedmengungkap that,bahwa untuk forbanyak manykarya workstulis, moredapat thandiajukan onelebih reasonabledari stemmasatu couldstema beyang postulatedmasuk akal, suggestingsehingga thatmetode thestematika methodterkesan wastidaklah notsetegas asatau rigorousseilmiah oryang as scientific as its proponentsdidengung-dengungkan hadpara claimedpenganjurnya.
Keraguan Bédier terhadap metode stematika mendorongnya untuk mempertimbangkan dapat tidaknya metode itu sepenuhnya ditinggalkan. Sebagai alternatif pengganti stematika, Bédier mengusulkan metode sunting teks-terbaik. Dalam penerapan metode ini, satu saksi teks tunggal yang dinilai bestatus 'baik' oleh penyunting diemendasi seringan mungkin guna menyingkap kesalahan-kesalahan transmisi, tetapi dibiarkan tidak berubah. Cara kerja semacam ini membuat hasil sunting teks-terbaik pada hakikatnya merupakan sebuah edisi dokumenter. Salah satu contoh edisi semacam ini adalah edisi kritis Eugene Vinaver dari naskah Winchester yang berjudul [[Le Morte D'Arthur]] karangan [[Thomas Malory]]
Bédier's doubts about the stemmatic method led him to consider whether it could be dropped altogether. As an alternative to stemmatics, Bédier proposed a Best-text editing method, in which a single textual witness, judged to be of a 'good' textual state by the editor, is emended as lightly as possible for manifest transmission mistakes, but left otherwise unchanged. This makes a Best-text edition essentially a documentary edition. For an example one may refer to Eugene Vinaver's edition of the Winchester Manuscript of Malory's [[Le Morte D'Arthur]]
== Copy-textSunting editingteks-patokan ==
[[File:Codex Vaticanus B, 2Thess. 3,11-18, Hebr. 1,1-2,2.jpg|thumb|200px|A page fromHalaman [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209]] showsyang amemuat medievalkalimat scribe"tolol (thedan marginalcurang, notebiarkan betweenbacaan columnslama oneseperti andsediakala, two)jangan criticizingdiubah-ubah", ayakni predecessorcatatan forkritik changingseorang thekatib text:Abad "FoolPertengahan and(catatan knave,pinggir leavedi theantara oldkolom reading,satu don'tdan changedua) it!"terhadap katib pendahulunya lantaran mengubah teks<ref name="MisJ">Ehrman 2005, phlm. 44.[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=99chXHGSVH0C&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=yc76dOwT6x&sig=azWqu7-mSskj8rSo9ixKDN8oTrQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=result#PPA44,M1] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502230550/https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=99chXHGSVH0C&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=yc76dOwT6x&sig=azWqu7-mSskj8rSo9ixKDN8oTrQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=result |date=2018-05-02 }} SeeLih. alsopula [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=99chXHGSVH0C&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=yc76dOwT6x&sig=azWqu7-mSskj8rSo9ixKDN8oTrQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=result#PPA56,M1] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502230550/https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=99chXHGSVH0C&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=yc76dOwT6x&sig=azWqu7-mSskj8rSo9ixKDN8oTrQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=result |date=2018-05-02 }}.</ref>]]
Dalam penyuntingan teks-patokan, kritikus memperbaiki kekeliruan-kekeliruan pada sebuah teks yang dijadikan dasar atau patokan, sering kali dengan bantuan saksi-saksi lain. Teks yang dijadikan patokan kerap dipilih dari naskah tertua teks tersebut, tetapi pada masa-masa awal pemanfaatan mesin cetak, teks patokan sering kali adalah naskah yang tersedia di tangan.<!--
When copy-text editing, the scholar fixes errors in a base text, often with the help of other witnesses. Often, the base text is selected from the oldest manuscript of the text, but in the early days of printing, the copy text was often a manuscript that was at hand.
Using the copy-text method, the critic examines the base text and makes corrections (called emendations) in places where the base text appears wrong to the critic. This can be done by looking for places in the base text that do not make sense or by looking at the text of other witnesses for a superior reading. Close-call decisions are usually resolved in favor of the copy-text.
|
