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'''Korban curahan''' ({{lang-he|נֶסֶך}}, ''nesek'') adalah semacam [[persembahan curahan]] yang menjadi salah satu jenis [[kurban|korban]] dan persembahan menurut ketentuan [[Hukum Musa|syariat Musa]].
#ALIH [[Persembahan curahan]]▼
== Etimologi ==
[[Kata benda]] Ibrani ''nesek'' diturunkan dari bentuk [[Qal (linguistika)|Qal]] [[kata kerja]] ''nasak'', "tuang," dan oleh karena itu berarti "sesuatu yang dituang." Kata kerja ''nasak'' maupun kata benda ''nesek'' kerap digunakan bersamaan di dalam satu kalimat, misalnya kalimat ''nasak [aleha] nesek'', artinya "menuang [ke atasnya] sesuatu yang dituang", satu-satunya pemakaian ''nasak'' dan ''nesek'' secara bersamaan di dalam riwayat Alkitab pra-Keluaran, yakni di dalam riwayat persembahan curahan yang ditumpahkan Yakub ke atas sebuah tugu baru ({{Alkitab|Kejadian 35:14}}). Etimologi "sesuatu yang dituang" menjelaskan eksistensi pemakaian sekunder yang jarang terjadi atas kata kerja ''nasak'' untuk menyifatkan perbuatan "mencetak-tuang" (berhala), dan atas kata benda ''nesek'' untuk menyifatkan "benda hasil cetak-tuang" (berhala).<ref>Leksikon Ibrani [[Brown Driver Briggs]] ''nesek''</ref><!--
== Alkitab Ibrani ==
The drink offering accompanied various sacrifices and offerings on various feast days. Usually the offering was of wine, but in one instance also of "strong drink" (Numbers 28:7).<ref>Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible 2000 p357 "Beer was also consumed widely in the ancient Near East as early as the Early Bronze Age. ... A drink offering (Heb. nesek) was poured out to the Lord at the sanctuary during many of the festival offerings (e.g., Num. 28:7-8, 10 "</ref> This "strong drink" (Hebrew ''shekhar'' שֵׁכָר, [[Septuagint]] ''sikera'' σίκερα as Luke 1:15, but also ''methusma'' in Judges 13:4 and Micah 2:11) is not identified.
===Mishnaic tradition===
The [[Mishnah]] (''[[Menachot]]'' chapter 8) mentions the places in the Land of Israel and in [[Transjordan (region)|Transjordan]] where the finest of the grains, olive harvest and vintage wines were taken as an offertory to the Temple in Jerusalem. Among wine libations, the finest wine was said to have come from Keruthin and Hattulim (ibid., ''Menachot'' 8:6), this latter place now tentatively identified by historical geographer [[Samuel Klein (scholar)|Samuel Klein]] with the ruin directly west of [[Sha'ar Hagai]] (''Bâb el Wâd'') called ''Kh. Khâtûleh'' (variant spelling: ''Kh. Khâtûla''), now known locally as ''Giv'at Ḥatul''.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Romanoff|first=Paul |title=Onomasticon of Palestine|journal=Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research|publisher=American Academy for Jewish Research |volume=7 |year=1935–1936|page=[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3622261?read-now=1&seq=14#page_scan_tab_contents 160 (note 1)] |language=en |jstor=3622261 |doi=10.2307/3622261}}, citing [[Samuel Klein (scholar)|Samuel Klein]] (1922), ''Eretz Yisrael: Geography of Israel for High Schools and for the People (ארץ ישראל -- גיאוגרפיה של ארץ ישראל לבתי ספר תיכוניים ולעם)'', Menorah: Vienna, p. 93 (in Hebrew).</ref><ref>Cf. {{cite book|last=Klein|first=S.|author-link=Samuel Klein (scholar)|title=Judaea: from the Return of the Babylonian Exiles to the Redaction of the Talmud'' (ארץ יהודה: מימי העליה מבבל עד חתימת התלמוד)|year=1939|location=Tel-Aviv|publisher=Devir |pages=138–142 |oclc=741051578}}</ref> Second in rank to this place was [[Beit Rima]] and [[Al-Lubban al-Gharbi|Beit Luban]], both places identified in Samaria.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mishnah |author-link=Mishnah|title=The Mishnah |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |editor=Herbert Danby |editor-link=Herbert Danby |edition=12th |date=1977 |location=Oxford |language=en |url=https://archive.org/details/DanbyMishnah/mode/1up |isbn=0-19-815402-X |page=[https://archive.org/details/DanbyMishnah/page/n532/mode/1up 503 (note 4)] }}, s.v. [[Menachot|Menahot]] 8:6</ref><ref>{{cite book|last= Neubauer|first=A.|author-link=Adolf Neubauer |title=La géographie du Talmud : mémoire couronné par l'Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres |url=https://archive.org/details/lagographiedutal00neub|year=1868|publisher=Lévy|location= Paris|language=fr |page=[https://archive.org/stream/lagographiedutal00neub#page/82/mode/1up 82] }} (cited in {{cite book|editor1=Finkelstein, I. | editor1-link= Israel Finkelstein|editor2=Lederman, Zvi|year=1997|title=Highlands of many cultures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_rraQgAACAAJ |location=[[Tel Aviv]]|publisher= Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University Publications Section|page=245 | isbn = 965-440-007-3}})</ref> The wine from any country was valid, but they used to bring it only from these places.<ref name="Danby1977">{{cite book |last=Mishnah |author-link=Mishnah|title=The Mishnah |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |editor=Herbert Danby |editor-link=Herbert Danby |edition=12th |date=1977 |location=Oxford |language=en |url=https://archive.org/details/DanbyMishnah/mode/1up |isbn=0-19-815402-X |page=[https://archive.org/details/DanbyMishnah/page/n532/mode/1up 503] }}, s.v. [[Menachot|Menahot]] 8:6</ref> The drink offerings were poured out near the altar on the Temple Mount, where they fell down into a subterraneous cavern ({{Lang-he|שִׁית}}), in fulfillment of the Scripture <small>(Numbers 28:7)</small>: "In the Holy Place you shall pour out a drink offering of strong drink to the Lord."<ref>[[Mishnah]] (''Meilah'' 3:3); [[Midrash Hagadol]] on Numbers 28:7</ref>
In the Temple at Jerusalem, they were not permitted to bring wine that had been sweetened or smoked or cooked and if they did so it was invalid.<ref name="Danby1977"/> By a rabbinic injunction, an unsealed flagon of wine prepared by an Israelite, but which had been kept under watch or in store by a heathen, is considered a forbidden [[libation]] ({{lang-he|יין נסך}}), which must be discarded. The [[Kosher wine#Requirements for being kosher|kashrut requirements for wine]] are designed to prevent the accidental or intentional use of wine previously dedicated or blessed for idolatrous use. However, an unsealed flagon of wine that had been cooked or of [[conditum]] (both of which prepared by an Israelite), since both are unfit for the altar, even though they had been watched or kept in store by a heathen, can still be consumed by an Israelite.<ref>[[Jerusalem Talmud]] (''[[Terumot]]'' 8:3); [[Babylonian Talmud]] (''[[Avodah Zarah (tractate)|Avodah Zarah]]'' 30a)</ref>
==Ancient Near East parallels==
In Akkadian texts, and Ugaritic epics there are references to libations, and sometimes the same verb stem N-S-K "to pour" is used. Psalm 16:4 gives reference to a "drink offering" of blood among pagans, but generally in ANE religions libations were also of wine.<ref>Article ''spendo'' (Greek "to pour"). Theological dictionary of the New Testament: V7 p532 Gerhard Kittel, Gerhard Friedrich, Geoffrey William Bromiley - 1971 "In these passages the original purpose is clear: God needs drink as well as food , [[Aqhat]], II, 6, 29 f.; cf. also II, 2, 18 f., 28. ^ The drink offering plays a particularly important role in fertility cults.28 In Israel there were ..."</ref>
==Rabbinical interpretation==
In the Talmud the view of Rabbi Meir was that the blood of the sacrifices permits the drink offering to the altar (B. Zeb. 44a).<ref>Jacob Neusner A history of the Mishnaic law of holy things 1978 p77 "Meir's view is that the blood of the sacrifices permits the drink-offering to the altar (B. Zeb. 44a) . Sages point out that the drink-offering may come later ( = Meir, G.)"</ref>-->
== Rujukan ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Kategori:Israel dan Yehuda Kuno]]
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