Aseksualitas: Perbedaan antara revisi

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== Diskriminasi dan perlindungan hukum ==
== Discrimination and legal protections ==
{{Main|Discrimination against asexual people}}
[[File:WorldPride 2012 - 175.jpg|alt=|left|thumb|AsexualsBarisan marchingaseksual indalam apawai pridekebanggaan parade indi [[London]]]]
ASebuah 2012kajian studyyang publishedditerbitkan intahun 2012 dalam ''[[Group Processes & Intergroup Relations|Proses Kelompok & Hubungan Antarkelompok]]'' reportedmelaporkan thatbahwa asexualsaseksual aredievaluasi evaluatedlebih morenegatif negativelydalam in terms ofhal [[prejudice|prasangka]], [[dehumanization|dehumanisasi]] anddan [[discrimination|diskriminasi]] than otherdaripada [[Sexual minority|sexualkaum minoritas minoritiesseksual]] lainnya, suchseperti aslaki-laki gay, perempuan menlesbian, lesbiansdan and bisexualsbiseksual. BothBaik homosexualorang andhomoseksual heterosexualmaupun peopleheteroseksual thoughtberpikir ofaseksual asexualsbukan ashanya notdingin, onlytapi cold,juga butberkarakter alsokebinatangan animalisticdan andtak unrestrainedterkekang.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Intergroup bias toward 'Group X': Evidence of prejudice, dehumanization, avoidance, and discrimination against asexuals |first1=Cara C. |last1=MacInnis |first2=Gordon |last2=Hodson |s2cid=3056711 |journal=Group Processes & Intergroup Relations |doi=10.1177/1368430212442419 |volume=15 |number=6 |pages=725–743 |year=2012}}</ref> ANamun differentsebuah study,kajian however,berbeda foundmenemukan littlesedikit evidencebukti ofdiskriminasi seriousserius discriminationterhadap againstaseksual asexuals because ofkarena theirkeaseksualitasan asexualitymereka.<ref>Gazzola, Stephanie B, and Melanie A. Morrison. "Asexuality: An emergent sexual orientation". ''Sexual Minority Research in the New Millennium''.</ref> AsexualSeorang activistaktivis aseksual, authorpenulis, anddan bloggerbloger, Julie Decker, hastelah observedmengamati thatbahwa sexualpelecehan harassmentdan andkekerasan violenceseksual, such asseperti [[corrective rape|pemerkosaan korektif]], commonlybiasanya victimizesmenjadikan thekomunitas aseksual asexualsebagai communitykorban.<ref name="huff"/> SociologistSosiolog Mark Carrigan seesmelihat atitik middle groundtengahnya, arguingberpendapat thatbahwa whilemeskipun asexualsaseksual domemang oftensering experiencemengalami discriminationdiskriminasi, itbukan ismerupakan not of asifat [[homophobia|phobicfobia]] nature buttapi "morelebih aboutpada marginalizationsoal becausememinggirkan peoplekarena genuinelyorang-orang don'tmemang tidak understandmemahami asexualityaseksualitas."<ref>{{Cite news|title=What is it like to be asexual?|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-16552173|newspaper=BBC News|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=January 17, 2012|last=Wallis|first=Lucy|access-date=January 1, 2014|archive-date=January 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106105618/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-16552173|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
AsexualsAseksual alsojuga facemenghadapi prejudiceprasangka fromdari thekomunitas LGBT community.<ref name="Decker"/><ref name="huff">{{Cite news|title=Battling Asexual Discrimination, Sexual Violence, and Corrective Rape|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/06/20/asexual-discrimination_n_3380551.html|newspaper=[[HuffPost]]|date=June 20, 2013|last=Mosbergen|first=Dominique|access-date=August 2, 2013|archive-date=August 18, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130818012540/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/06/20/asexual-discrimination_n_3380551.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ManyBanyak orang LGBT peopleberasumsi assumebahwa thatsiapapun anyoneyang whobukan ishomoseksual notatau homosexualbiseksual orpasti bisexual must be straightlurus<ref name="Decker"/> anddan frequentlysering excludemengecualikan asexualsaseksual fromdari theirdefinisi definitionsmereka ofterhadap ''queer''.<ref name="Decker"/> AlthoughMeskipun manybanyak well-knownorganisasi organizationsterkenal devotedyang tomengabdi membantu aidingkomunitas LGBTQ communities exist,<ref name="Decker"/> theseorganisasi-organisasi organizationsini generallypada doumumnya nottidak reach out tomenjangkau asexualsaseksual<ref name="Decker"/> anddan dotidak notmenyediakan providebahan-bahan librarypustaka materialsmengenai about asexualityaseksualitas.<ref name="Decker"/> UponSaat [[coming out|melela]] assebagai asexualaseksual, activistaktivis Sara Beth Brooks wasdiberitahu toldoleh bybanyak manyorang LGBT peoplebahwa thataseksual asexualsseringkali aredisalahpahami mistakendalam inidentifikasi theirdiri self-identificationmereka anddan seekmencari undeservedperhatian attentionyang withintak thelayak socialdidapat justicedalam movementgerakan keadilan sosial.<ref name="huff"/> OtherOrganisasi-organisasi LGBT organizationslainnya, such asseperti [[The Trevor Project]] and thedan [[National LGBTQ Task Force|Gugus Tugas LGBTQ Nasional]], explicitlysecara includeeksplisit asexualsmemasukkan becauseaseksual theykarena aremereka non-heterosexualnonheteroseksual andsehingga candapat therefore be included in thedimasukkan definitiondalam ofdefinisi [[queer]].<ref>[https://www.thetrevorproject.org/trvr_support_center/asexual/#sm.0000eryjch8mbfogrhn1jltiw7n8l The Trevor Project - FAQ about asexuality] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210406125426/https://www.thetrevorproject.org/trvr_support_center/asexual/#sm.0000eryjch8mbfogrhn1jltiw7n8l |date=April 6, 2021 }}, [[The Trevor Project]] website. Retrieved April 4, 2018.</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://thetaskforceblog.org/2013/04/30/the-a-is-here-to-stay/ | title=The a is Here to Stay | date=April 30, 2013 | access-date=April 4, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310174238/https://thetaskforceblog.org/2013/04/30/the-a-is-here-to-stay/ | archive-date=March 10, 2018 | url-status=dead }}</ref> SomeSebagian organizationsorganisasi nowsekarang add anmenambahkan A topada theakronim LGBTQ acronymuntuk tomeliputi include asexualsaseksual; howevernamun, thisini ismasih stillmerupakan atopik controversialkontroversial topicdalam inbeberapa someorganisasi queer organizations.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/06/21/lgbt-asexual_n_3385530.html |title=LGBT, Asexual Communities Clash over Ace Inclusion |newspaper=HuffPost |date=June 21, 2013 |last1=Mosbergen |first1=Dominique |access-date=April 4, 2018 |archive-date=March 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305162424/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/06/21/lgbt-asexual_n_3385530.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
InDalam somesebagian jurisdictionswilayah hukum, asexualsaseksual havememiliki legalperlindungan protectionshukum. WhileSaat Brazil bansmelarang sincesejak tahun 1999 whateverpatologisasi pathologizationapapun oratau [[Conversion therapy|attemptedupaya treatment ofperawatan/pengobatan sexualorientasi orientationseksual]] byoleh mentalpara healthprofesional professionalskesehatan throughmental themelalui nationalkode ethicaletik codenasional,<ref>[http://blogs.diariodepernambuco.com.br/lgbtudo/2013/07/psiquiatra-jairo-bouer-fala-dos-efeitos-colaterais-da-cura-gay/ Psychiatrist Jairo Bouer talks about the "collateral effects" of "gay cure" bill] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140115041606/http://blogs.diariodepernambuco.com.br/lgbtudo/2013/07/psiquiatra-jairo-bouer-fala-dos-efeitos-colaterais-da-cura-gay/ |date=January 15, 2014}} {{in lang|pt}}</ref> thenegara U.S.bagian state ofAS, New York, hasmelabeli labeledaseksual asexuals as asebagai [[protected class|kelas yang dilindungi]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100316120639/http://www.ag.ny.gov//bureaus/civil_rights/sonda_brochure.html ''The Sexual Orientation Non-Discrimination Act ("SONDA")'' (State of New York, Office of the Attorney General, Civil Rights Bureau)]</ref> HoweverNamun, asexualityaseksualitas doestidak notsecara typicallysewajarnya attractmenarik theperhatian attentionpublik ofatau the public or majorpengawasan scrutinyutama; thereforekarenanya, itaseksual hasmasih notbelum been the subject ofmenjadi legislationsubjek aslegislasi muchsebanyak asyang otherdimiliki sexualorientasi orientationsseksual havelainnya.<ref name=Bogaert2004 />
 
== In theDalam media ==
{{main|Media portrayal of asexuality}}
[[File:Sherlock Holmes - The Man with the Twisted Lip.jpg|thumb|[[Arthur Conan Doyle|Sir Arthur Conan Doyle]] intentionallysecara portrayedsengaja hismenggambarkan characterkarakternya [[Sherlock Holmes]] assebagai, whatyang woulddi todaymasa bekini classifieddiklasifikasikan asdalam, asexualaseksual.<ref name="Bogaert"/>]]
AsexualPerwakilan representationaseksual in thedalam media isdibatasi limiteddan andjarang rarelydiakui openlyatau acknowledgeddikonfirmasi orsecara confirmedterbuka byoleh creatorspara orpencipta authorsatau penulis.<ref name="Kelemen">Kelemen, Erick. "Asexuality". ''Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender''. Ed. Fedwa Malti-Douglas. Vol. 1. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. 103. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. May 2, 2016.</ref> InDalam workskarya-karya composedyang priordisusun tosebelum theawal beginningabad ofdua thepuluh twenty-first centurysatu, characters arekarakter-karakternya generallysecara automaticallyumum assumedsecara tootomatis bediasumsikan sexualseksual<ref name="JacksonScott"/> anddan thekeberadaan existenceseksualitas ofkarakternya a character's sexuality isbiasanya usuallytidak neverpernah questioneddipertanyakan.<ref name="JacksonScott">Jackson, Stevi, and Sue Scott. Theorizing Sexuality. Maidenhead: Open UP, 2010. Web. May 2, 2016.</ref> [[Arthur Conan Doyle|Sir Arthur Conan Doyle]] portrayedmenggambarkan his characterkarakternya, [[Sherlock Holmes]], asyang whatdi wouldmasa todaykini bediklasifikasikan classifiedsebagai as asexualaseksual,<ref name="Bogaert">{{cite book|last1=Bogaert|first1=Anthony|title=Understanding Asexuality|date=2012|publisher=Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc.|location=Lanham, Maryland|isbn=978-1-4422-0099-9|pages=36–39|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3P2pVq9XlGsC&pg=PA39|access-date=January 10, 2018|archive-date=July 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726093617/https://books.google.com/books?id=3P2pVq9XlGsC&pg=PA39|url-status=live}}</ref> withdengan themaksud intentionmembuat tokarakternya characterizehanya himdidorong asoleh solelykecerdasan drivendan bymemiliki intellectkekebalan and immune to the desires ofpada thehasrat fleshtubuh.<ref name="Bogaert"/> TheKarakter Komik Archie Comics character, [[Jughead Jones]], waskemungkinan likelydimaksud intendedoleh bypenciptanya his creators as an asexualsebagai [[Foil (literature)|foil]] toterhadap heteroseksualitas [[Archie Andrews|Archie]]'s excessiveyang heterosexualityberlebihan, but,tapi oversetelah the yearsbertahun-tahun, thispenggambarannya portrayal shiftedberubah, withdengan variousberbagai iterationspengulangan anddan rebootspenyalaan ofulang theserialnya seriesmengimplikasikan implying that he isdia eithersebagai gay oratau heterosexualheteroseksual.<ref name="Bogaert"/><ref name="Vulture">{{Cite news|url=http://www.vulture.com/2016/02/archie-jughead-asexual.html|title=Archie Comic Reveals Jughead Is Asexual|date=February 8, 2016|work=Vulture|access-date=December 14, 2017|archive-date=December 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207111405/http://www.vulture.com/2016/02/archie-jughead-asexual.html|url-status=live}}</ref> InDi tahun 2016, hedia wasdikonfirmasi confirmedsebagai toaseksual bedalam asexual in thekomik Jughead,''[[New Riverdale]]'' Jughead comics.<ref name="Vulture"/> ThePara writerspenulis of the 2017 televisionpertunjukan showtelevisi ''[[Riverdale (2017 TV series)|Riverdale]]'', baseddi tahun 2017, onberdasarkan thekomik Archie comics, chosememilih tountuk depictmenggambarkan Jughead assebagai aheteroseksual heterosexualmeskipun despitebanyak pleaspermohonan fromdari bothpemuja fansdan andaktor Jughead actor, [[Cole Sprouse]], tountuk retainmempertahankan aseksualitas Jughead's asexualitydan andmemperkenankan allowkomunitas theaseksual asexualdiwakili communitydi tosampingn be represented alongside thekomunitas gay anddan bisexualbiseksual, communities,yang bothkeduanya representedhadir indalam thepertunjukan showtersebut.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://nerdist.com/cole-sprouse-is-bummed-that-riverdales-jughead-isnt-asexual/|title=Cole Sprouse Is Bummed That RIVERDALE's Jughead Isn't Asexual {{!}} Nerdist|date=2017-01-27|work=Nerdist|access-date=2018-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626111031/https://nerdist.com/cole-sprouse-is-bummed-that-riverdales-jughead-isnt-asexual/|archive-date=June 26, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> ThisKeputusan decisionini sparkedmemicu conversationspercakapan about deliberatemengenai [[asexual erasure|penghapusan aseksual]] insecara thesengaja dalam media anddan its consequencesakibat-akibatnya, especiallyterutama pada penonton onyang youngerlebih viewersmuda.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.teenvogue.com/story/riverdales-asexual-erasure-can-be-harmful|title='Riverdale's' Asexual Erasure Can Be More Harmful Than You Think|last=Revanche|first=Jonno|work=Teen Vogue|access-date=2018-09-09|archive-date=March 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304102207/https://www.teenvogue.com/story/riverdales-asexual-erasure-can-be-harmful|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
Anthony Bogaert has classified [[Gilligan (Gilligan's Island)|Gilligan]], the eponymous character of the 1960s television series ''[[Gilligan's Island]]'', as asexual.<ref name="Bogaert"/> Bogaert suggests that the producers of the show likely portrayed him in this way to make him more relatable to young male viewers of the show who had not yet reached puberty and had therefore presumably not yet experienced sexual desire.<ref name="Bogaert"/> Gilligan's asexual nature also allowed the producers to orchestrate intentionally comedic situations in which Gilligan spurns the advances of attractive females.<ref name="Bogaert"/> Films and television shows frequently feature attractive, but seemingly asexual, female characters who are "converted" to heterosexuality by the male protagonist by the end of the production.<ref name="Bogaert"/> These unrealistic portrayals reflect a heterosexual male belief that all asexual women secretly desire men.<ref name="Bogaert"/>