Konflik Mali Utara: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Infobox military conflict|conflict=Konflik Mali Utara|partof=<br>[[Pemberontakan di wilayah Maghreb (2002–sampai saat ini)]]|image=[[Berkas:Northern Mali conflict.svg|350px]]|caption=Peta yang menunjukan wilayah terluas yang sempat dikuasai oleh pemberontak pada Januari 2013, sebelum diambil alih oleh militer Mali dan pasukan Prancis.|date=16 Januari 2012 – 20 Februari 2015<br>({{Age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=01|day1=16|year1=2012|month2=02|day2=20|year2=2015}})|place=Northern [[Mali]]|result=Gencatan Senjata *Pemberontak Tuareg memukul mundur pasukan Pemerintah Mali dari wilayah Mali Utara pada Januari 2012 <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mnlamov.net/actualites/34-actualites/166-la-fin-des-operations-militaires.html|title=Communiqué N°14-04-04-2012- Fin des Opérations Militaires|publisher=Mnlamov|accessdate=12 January 2013|archive-date=2012-06-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616153736/http://www.mnlamov.net/actualites/34-actualites/166-la-fin-des-operations-militaires.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> *Presiden Mali [[Amadou Toumani Touré]] diturunkan dari jabatannya melalui kudeta pimpinan [[Amadou Sanogo]] pada tahun 2012<ref name=guardian1>{{cite news|title=Mali rebels claim to have ousted regime in coup|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2012/mar/22/mali-rebels-coup|work=The Guardian|date=22 March 2012|location=London|first=Afua|last=Hirsch}}</ref> *Wilayah Mali Utara dikuasai sepenuhnya oleh pemberontak pada April 2012, Azawad merdeka dideklarasikan oleh [[National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad|MNLA]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/04/20124644412359539.html|title=Tuaregs claim 'independence' from Mali|date=6 April 2012|publisher=Al Jazeera|accessdate=6 April 2012}}</ref> dan didukung oleh [[Ansar Dine]]<ref name=BBC265>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18224004 |title=Mali Tuareg and Islamist rebels "agree on Sharia state |date=26 May 2012 |publisher=BBC News |accessdate=27 May 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6CO7JoGGO?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18224004 |archivedate=2012-11-23 }}</ref> *Kelompok Muslim ([[Ansar Dine]], [[Al-Qaeda in Islamic Maghreb|AQIM]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9365390/Trouble-in-Timbuktu-as-Islamists-extend-control.html|title=Trouble in Timbuktu as Islamists extend control|last=Flood|first=Zoe|date=29 June 2012|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|quote=Ansar Dine ordered the Tuareg MNLA group to leave the historical city of Timbuktu ... backed by al-Qaeda's north African branch|accessdate=6 July 2012|location=London}}</ref> dan [[MOJWA]]) mengambil alih wilayah Mali Utara dari MNLA dan menerapkan hukum syariah di wilayah tersebut. *Prancis dan sebagian negara Afrika mengintervensi dan memberikan bantuan kepada pasukan Mali untuk mengambil alih wilayah Mali Utara. *Perjanjian damai antara Pemerintah Mali dan pemberontak Tuareg ditandatangani pada 18 Juni 2013<ref name="peace">{{cite news |title=Mali and Tuareg rebels sign peace deal |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22961519 |publisher=BBC |date=19 June 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150321062328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22961519 |archivedate=2015-03-21 |access-date=2016-08-19 }}</ref> *Perjanjian damai berakhir setelah pasukan Mali menembak pengunjuk rasa tak bersenjata<ref name="aljazeera.com">{{cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2013/11/mali-tuareg-fighters-end-ceasefire-2013113093234673103.html|title=Mali's Tuareg fighters end ceasefire|agency=AlJazeera|date=30 November 2013|accessdate=28 December 2013}}</ref><ref name="http">{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-25161049 |title=Tuareg separatist group in Mali 'ends ceasefire' |agency=BBC |date=29 November 2013 |accessdate=28 December 2013 |work=BBC News |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202065114/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-25161049 |archivedate=2013-12-02 }}</ref> *Gencatan senjata ditandatangani pada tanggal 20 Februari 2015 antara Pemerintah Mali dan aliansi enam kelompok bersenjata<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-31544438|title=Mali signs UN ceasefire to end conflict with northern rebels|work=BBC News}}</ref> *Pemimpin Mali menolak pilihan otonomi, tetapi berkemauan untuk memberikan kesempatan pada kekuatan lokal|combatant1={{flagicon|Mali}} [[Government of Mali]] *[[Military of Mali]] {{flag|France}}<br>[[Economic Community of West African States|ECOWAS]] {{Collapsible list |bullets = yes |title = full list |{{flag|Benin}}<ref name="fr24"/> |{{flag|Burkina Faso}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/2/9/62330/World/International/MALI-UPDATE--Burkina-Faso,-Nigeria-to-send-troops-.aspx |title=MALI UPDATE 5: Burkina Faso, Nigeria to send troops to Mali |publisher=English.ahram.org.eg |accessdate=13 January 2013}}</ref> |{{flag|Cape Verde}}<ref name="en.apa.az"/> |{{flag|Gambia}}<ref name="en.apa.az">{{cite web|url=http://en.apa.az/news_int_l_support_mission_for_mali_to_begin__186169.html|title=APA – Int'l Support Mission for Mali to begin operations on Friday|publisher=APA|date=18 January 2013|accessdate=28 January 2013|archive-date=2013-10-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004215546/http://en.apa.az/news_int_l_support_mission_for_mali_to_begin__186169.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> |{{flag|Ghana}}<ref name="Ghana Business News">{{cite web|title=Ghana agrees to send troops to Mali|url=http://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2013/01/14/ghana-agrees-to-send-troops-to-mali/|publisher=Ghana Business News|accessdate=18 January 2013|date=14 January 2013}}</ref> |{{flag|Guinea}}<ref name="BBC- In Days">{{cite news|title=Mali conflict: West African troops to arrive 'in days'|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-21029916|publisher=Mali conflict: West African troops to arrive 'in days'|accessdate=15 January 2013|date=15 January 2013}}</ref> |{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}<ref name="en.apa.az"/> |{{flag|Ivory Coast}}<ref name="BBC- In Days" /> |{{flag|Liberia}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.news.heritageliberia.net/index.php/inside-heritage/general-news/78-slides/1191-ellen-liberia-will-send-troops-to-mali-for-peace-mission |title=Ellen: Liberia Will Send Troops to Mali for Peace Mission – Heritage Newspaper Liberia |publisher=News.heritageliberia.net |accessdate=28 January 2013 }}{{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> |{{flag|Niger}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/01/12/us-mali-rebels-niger-idUSBRE90B0A520130112 |title=Niger says sending 500 soldiers to Mali operation |agency=Reuters |accessdate=13 January 2013 |first=John |last=Irish |date=12 January 2013 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924173150/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/01/12/us-mali-rebels-niger-idUSBRE90B0A520130112 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |{{flag|Nigeria}}<ref name="reuters.com"/> |{{flag|Sierra Leone}}<ref name="WSJ- Aid Pledged">{{cite news|title=Aid Pledged to Mali as More Troops Deploy|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323783704578248002130070528.html|accessdate=18 January 2013|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|date=17 January 2013}}</ref> |{{flag|Senegal}}<ref name="reuters.com">{{cite news |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/01/11/us-mali-rebels-partners-idUSBRE90A0UX20130111 |title=Mali says Nigeria, Senegal, France providing help |agency=Reuters |accessdate=13 January 2013 |first=Bate |last=Felix |date=11 January 2013 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924173130/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/01/11/us-mali-rebels-partners-idUSBRE90A0UX20130111 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |{{flag|Togo}}<ref name="fr24">{{cite news|url=http://www.france24.com/fr/20130114-mali-djihadistes-semparent-dune-ville-a-400-km-bamako-le-drian |title=Les djihadistes s'emparent d'une ville à 400 km de Bamako |accessdate=14 January 2013 |language=fr}}</ref> }}<!-- Chad, Burundi, Gabon, South Africa, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda are combatants since they deploy ground troops, but ARE NOT part of ECOWAS.-->