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Baris 72:
=== Daftar pustaka ===
{{refbegin|35em}}
* {{cite web |last=Abd ar-Rahman |first=Rabab |title=آثار مملكة علوة 500م – 1500م (إقليم سوبا) رباب عبد الرحمن |trans-title=The archaeology of the Alwa kingdom 500 AD – 1500 AD (Soba region) |url=http://khartoumspace.uofk.edu/bitstream/handle/123456789/12517/%D8%A2%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%B1%20%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9%20%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A9%20500%D9%85%20%E2%80%93%201500%D9%85%20%28%D8%A5%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%20%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%29.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |year=2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919211429/http://khartoumspace.uofk.edu/bitstream/handle/123456789/12517/%D8%A2%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%B1%20%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9%20%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A9%20500%D9%85%20%E2%80%93%201500%D9%85%20%28%D8%A5%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%20%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%29.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |language=Arabic |archive-date=2018-1009-1419 |dead-url=nounfit |access-date=2018-10-14 |ref=harv }}▼
* {{cite web |last=Abd ar-Rahman |first=Rabab |title=
▲آثار مملكة علوة 500م – 1500م (إقليم سوبا) رباب عبد الرحمن |trans-title=The archaeology of the Alwa kingdom 500 AD – 1500 AD (Soba region) |url=http://khartoumspace.uofk.edu/bitstream/handle/123456789/12517/%D8%A2%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%B1%20%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9%20%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A9%20500%D9%85%20%E2%80%93%201500%D9%85%20%28%D8%A5%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%20%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%29.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |year=2011 |archive-url=http://khartoumspace.uofk.edu/bitstream/handle/123456789/12517/%D8%A2%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%B1%20%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9%20%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A9%20500%D9%85%20%E2%80%93%201500%D9%85%20%28%D8%A5%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%20%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%29.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |language=Arabic|archive-date=2018-10-14 |dead-url=no |access-date=2018-10-14 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Abir |first=Mordechai |title=Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region |year=1980 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-0-7146-3164-6 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Abu-Manga |first=Al-Amin |editor=Kees Versteegh |title=Encyclopedia of Arabic Languages and Linguistics. Volume IV. Q-Z |chapter=Sudan |year=2009 |pages=367–375 |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |isbn=978-90-04-17702-4 |ref=harv}}
Baris 89 ⟶ 88:
* {{cite book |last=Edwards |first=David |title=The Nubian Past: An Archaeology of the Sudan |year=2004 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-36987-9 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Edwards|first=David |year=2011 |chapter=Slavery and Slaving in the Medieval and Post-Medieval kingdoms of the Middle Nile |title=Comparative Dimensions of Slavery in Africa: Archaeology and Memory |editor=Paul Lane and Kevin C. MacDonald |pages=79–108 |publisher=[[British Academy]] |isbn=978-0-19-726478-2 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Gonzalez-Ruibal |first1=Alfredo |last2=Falquina |first2=Alvaro |title=In Sudan's Eastern Borderland: Frontier Societies of the Qwara Region (ca. AD 600-1850) |journal=Journal of African Archaeology |volume=15 |issue=2 |year=2017 |pages=173–201 |issn=1612-1651 |url=https://www.academia.edu/37375711 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221008153245/https://www.academia.edu/37375711/In_Sudans_Eastern_Borderland_Frontier_Societies_of_the_Qwara_Region_ca._AD_600-1850_ |archive-date=20182022-0910-1408 |dead-url=nounfit |ref=harv |doi=10.1163/21915784-12340011 |access-date=2019-01-11 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Grajetzki |first=Wolfram |language=German |title=Das Ende der christlich-nubischen Reiche ["The end of the Christian Nubian realms"] |year=2009 |journal=Internet-Beiträge zur Ägyptologie und Sudanarchäologie |volume=X |url=http://www2.rz.hu-berlin.de/nilus/net-publications/ibaes10/publikation/grajetzki_ibaes10.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602165214/http://www2.rz.hu-berlin.de/nilus/net-publications/ibaes10/publikation/grajetzki_ibaes10.pdf |isbn=978-1-906137-13-7 |archive-date=2019-06-02 |dead-url=yes |publisher=Golden House Publications |ref=harv |access-date=2019-01-11 }}
* {{cite book |last=Godlewski |first=Wlodzimierz |chapter=Merkurious |title=Dictionary of African Biography |volume=4 |page=204 |editors=Emmanuel Kwaku Akyeampong, Steven J. Niven |year=2012 |publisher=Oxford University |isbn=978-0-19-538207-5|ref=harv}}
Baris 99 ⟶ 98:
<!--* {{cite book |last=Jakobielski |first=Stefan |year=2013 |chapter=Horned Crown – an Epigraphic Evidence |url=http://etudesettravaux.iksiopan.pl/images/etudtrav/EtudTrav_otwarte/EtudTrav_26/EtudTrav_26_1/et_26-V-1-28-Jakobielski.pdf |title=Etudes et Travaux |volume=XXVI |isbn=9788392231974 |publisher=IKSiO PAN|pages=326–337 |ref=harv}}-->
* {{cite book |last=Lajtar |first=Adam |title=Catalogue of the Greek Inscriptions in the Sudan National Museum at Khartoum |year=2003 |publisher=Peeters |isbn=978-90-429-1252-6 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |last=Lajtar |first=Adam |title=Varia Nubica XII-XIX |language=German |pages=83–119 |journal=The Journal of Juristic Papyrology |volume=XXXIX |year=2009 |issn= 0075-4277 |url=http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/media//files/The_Journal_of_Juristic_Papyrology/The_Journal_of_Juristic_Papyrology-r2009-t39/The_Journal_of_Juristic_Papyrology-r2009-t39-s83-119/The_Journal_of_Juristic_Papyrology-r2009-t39-s83-119.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109164237/http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/media//files/The_Journal_of_Juristic_Papyrology/The_Journal_of_Juristic_Papyrology-r2009-t39/The_Journal_of_Juristic_Papyrology-r2009-t39-s83-119/The_Journal_of_Juristic_Papyrology-r2009-t39-s83-119.pdf |archive-date=20182019-0901-2509 |dead-url=nounfit |ref=harv |access-date=2019-01-11 }}
* {{cite book |last=McHugh |first=Neil |title=Holymen of the Blue Nile: The Making of an Arab-Islamic Community in the Nilotic Sudan |url=https://archive.org/details/holymenofbluenil00mchu |date=1994 |publisher=[[Northwestern University]] |isbn=978-0-8101-1069-4 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=McHugh |first=Neil |chapter=Historical perspectives on the domed shrine in the Nilotic Sudan |year=2016 |title=Practicing Sufism: Sufi Politics and Performance in Africa |pages=105–130 |editor=Abdelmajid Hannoum |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-138-64918-7 |ref=harv}}
Baris 107 ⟶ 106:
* {{cite journal |last=Pierce |first=Richard Holton |title=A sale of an Alodian slave girl: A reexamination of papyrus Strassburg Inv. 1404 |year=1995 |journal=Symbolae Osloenses |volume=LXX |pages=148–166 |issn=0039-7679 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |last=Power |first=Tim |title=The Origin and Development of the Sudanese Ports ('Aydhâb, Bâ/di', Sawâkin) in the early Islamic Period |journal=Chroniques Yéménites |volume=15 |year=2008 |url=https://cy.revues.org/1685 |pages=92–110 |issn=1248-0568 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Rilly |first=Claude |chapter=Enemy brothers: Kinship and relationship between Meroites and Nubians (Noba) |title=Between the Cataracts: Proceedings of the 11th Conference of Nubian Studies, Warsaw, 27 August- 2 September 2006. Part One. |year=2008 |pages=211–225 |publisher=PAM |isbn=978-83-235-0271-5 |chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/36487671 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903233229/https://www.academia.edu/36487671/Claude_Rilly_ENEMY_BROTHERS._KINSHIP_AND_RELATIONSHIP_BETWEEN_MEROITES_AND_NUBIANS_NOBA |archive-date=20182021-0509-0503 |dead-url=nounfit |ref=harv |access-date=2019-01-11 }}
* {{cite book |last=Russegger |first=Joseph |year=1843 |title=Reise in Egypten, Nubien und Ost-Sudan |publisher=Schweizerbart'sche Verlagshandlung |oclc=311212367 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=bcVZAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA0&lpg=PA456&dq=Reise+in+Egypten,+Nubien+und+Ost-Sudan+berber#v=onepage&q&f=false |archive-url=https://books.google.de/books?id=bcVZAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA0&lpg=PA456&dq=Reise+in+Egypten,+Nubien+und+Ost-Sudan+berber&source=bl&ots=LYrMtcThvB&sig=y-p24O7x7pnWNKUoG_Wk6AUadVk&hl=de&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRmLOT7ejeAhUSecAKHVUPC2wQ6AEwAnoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false |language=German |archive-date=2018-11-22 |dead-url=no |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Seignobos |first=Robin |language=French |chapter=Les évêches Nubiens: Nouveaux témoinages. La source de la liste de Vansleb et deux autres textes méconnus |year=2015 |title=Nubian Voices II. New Texts and Studies on Christian Nubian Culture |editors=Adam Lajtar, Grzegorz Ochala, Jacques van der Vliet |publisher=Raphael Taubenschlag Foundation |chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/6428117 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221008153245/https://www.academia.edu/6428117/_Les_%C3%A9v%C3%AAch%C3%A9s_nubiens_nouveaux_t%C3%A9moignages._La_source_de_la_liste_de_Vansleb_et_deux_autres_textes_m%C3%A9connus_dans_A._%C5%81ajtar_G._Ocha%C5%82a_J._Van_der_Vliet_%C3%A9ds._Nubian_Voices_New_texts_and_studies_in_Christian_Nubian_Culture_II_Warsaw_2015_p._151-229 |archive-date=20182022-0910-2908 |dead-url=nounfit |isbn=978-8393842575 |ref=harv |access-date=2019-01-11 }}
* {{cite book |last=Shinnie |first=P. |title=Excavations at Soba |year=1961 |publisher=Sudan Antiquities Service |oclc=934919402 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |last=Spaulding |first=Jay |title=The Funj: A Reconsideration |year=1972 |pp=39–53 |journal=The Journal of African History |volume=13| issue=1 |issn=0021-8537 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |last=Spaulding |first=Jay |title=The Fate of Alodia |journal=Meroitic Newsletter |volume=15 |year=1974 |url=http://www.meroiticnewsletter.org/MeroNews15.pdf#page=13&zoom=125(0,0) |pages=12–30 |issn=1266-1635 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801210651/http://www.meroiticnewsletter.org/MeroNews15.pdf#page=13&zoom=125(0,0) |archive-date=20182019-0408-19 01 |dead-url=nounfit |ref=harv |access-date=2019-01-11 }}
* {{cite book |last=Spaulding |first=Jay |title=The Heroic Age in Sennar |year=1985 |publisher=Red Sea |isbn=978-1569022603 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Spaulding |first=Jay |title=Kordofan Invaded: Peripheral Incorporation in Islamic Africa |editor=Endre Stiansen and Michael Kevane |year=1998 |chapter= Early Kordofan |publisher=Brill |pages=46–59 |isbn=978-9004110496 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal |last=Taha |first=A. Taha |title=The influence of Dongolawi Nubian on Sudan Arabic |journal=California Linguistic Notes |volume=XXXVII |year=2012 |url=http://english.fullerton.edu/publications/clnArchives/pdf/Taha-DNonSA.pdf |issn=0741-1391 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201041415/http://english.fullerton.edu/publications/clnArchives/pdf/Taha-DNonSA.pdf |archive-date=20182017-0412-1901 |dead-url=nounfit |ref=harv |access-date=2019-01-11 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Török |first=Laszlo |language=German |title=Ein christianisiertes Tempelgebäude in Musawwarat es Sufra (Sudan) ["A Christianized temple building in Musawwarat es Sufra (Sudan)"] |year=1974 |journal=Acta Archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae |volume=26 |url=http://real-j.mtak.hu/224/1/ACTAARCHEOLOGICA_26.pdf#page=73&zoom=125(0,0) |pages=71–104 |issn= 0001-5210 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181102030338/http://real-j.mtak.hu/224/1/ACTAARCHEOLOGICA_26.pdf#page=73&zoom=125(0,0) |archive-date=2018-0411-1902 |dead-url=nounfit |ref=harv |access-date=2019-01-11 }}
<!--* {{cite journal|last=Tsakos |first=Alexandros |title=Miscellanea Epigraphica Nubica II. Languages and scripts in the Kingdom of Alwa |year=2011 |journal=Collectanea Christiana Orientalia |volume=8 |pages=239–248 |publisher=Universidad de Córdoba |url=http://www.uco.es/revistas/index.php/cco/article/viewFile/161/158 |issn=1697-2104 |archive-url=http://www.uco.es/revistas/index.php/cco/article/viewFile/161/15 |archive-date=2018-04-19 |dead-url=no |ref=harv}}-->
* {{cite book |last=Vantini |first=Giovanni |title=Oriental Sources concerning Nubia |year=1975 |publisher=Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften |url=http://www.medievalnubia.info/dev/index.php/Giovanni_Vantini%27s_Oriental_Sources_Concerning_Nubia |oclc=174917032 |ref=harv}}
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