Budaya Eropa: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 4:
Karena banyaknya sudut pandang yang dapat digunakan pada subyek ini, tidaklah mungkin membentuk sebuah konsep kebudayaan Eropa yang tunggal dan dapat merangkul semua.<ref>Cederman (2001:2) remarks: "Given the absence of an explicit legal definition and the plethora of competing identities, it is indeed hard to avoid the conclusion that Europe is an essentially contested concept." Cf. also Davies (1996:15); Berting (2006:51).</ref> Meskipun demikian, ada elemen-elemen inti yang pada umumnya disepakati sebagai pembentuk dasar kebudayaan Eropa modern.<ref>Cf. Jordan-Bychkov (2008:13), Davies (1996:15), Berting (2006:51-56).</ref> Salah satu daftar elemen-elemen tersebut yang diajukan oleh K. Bochmann antara lain:<ref>K. Bochmann (1990) ''L'idée d'Europe jusqu'au XXè siècle'', quoted in Berting (2006:52). Cf. Davies (1996:15): "No two lists of the main constituents of European civilization would ever coincide. But many items have always featured prominently: from the roots of the Christian world in Greece, Rome and Judaism to modern phenomena such as the Enlightenment, modernization, romanticism, nationalism, liberalism, imperialism, totalitarianism."</ref><ref name="Berting 2006 page=52">{{harvnb|Berting|2006|page=52}}</ref>
* Sebuah warisan rohani dan budaya umum yang berasal dari [[Dunia Yunani-Romawi]] kuno, [[Kekristenan]], [[Renaisans]] dan [[Humanisme]], pemikiran politik dari [[Pencerahan]], dan [[Revolusi Prancis]], serta perkembangan [[Modernitas]], termasuk semua jenis [[sosialisme]].
* Sebuah budaya materi yang dinamis dan kaya yang telah diperluas ke benua lainnya sebagai akibat dari [[industrialisasi]] dan [[kolonialisme]] selama "''[[
* Sebuah konsep spesifik atas individu diungkapkan oleh keberadaan, dan penghormatan, sebuah legalitas yang menjamin [[hak asasi manusia]] dan [[kebebasan berpolitik]].
* Sebuah pluralitas berbagai negara dengan tatanan politik yang berbeda, yang dipaksa untuk hidup berdampingan dalam satu atau lain cara.
Baris 29:
Music popular:
# [[Tears for Fears]], [[The Beatles]], [[The Rolling Stones]], [[Led Zeppelin]], [[Pink Floyd]], [[Queen (band)|Queen]], [[Elton John]], [[David Bowie]], [[Deep Purple]], [[Sex Pistols]], [[Eric Clapton]], [[The Clash]], [[Van Morrison]], [[Dire Straits]], [[The Police]], [[Fleetwood Mac]], [[Genesis (band)|Genesis]], [[George Michael]], [[Pet Shop Boys]], [[Phil Collins]], [[Rod Stewart]], [[The Who]], [[Eurythmics]], [[Dusty Springfield]], [[The Cure]], [[Black Sabbath]], [[Iron Maiden]], [[Judas Priest]], [[Def Leppard]], [[Duran Duran]], [[Oasis (band)|Oasis]], [[Radiohead]], [[Coldplay]], [[Mumford & Sons]], [[The Smiths]], [[Muse (band)|Muse]], [[Gorillaz]], [[Bonnie Tyler]], [[Seal (musician)|Seal]], [[Elvis Costello]], [[Bee Gees]], [[Spice Girls]], [[Depeche Mode]], [[The Kinks]], [[The Animals]], [[Skepta]], [[Motörhead]], [[UB40]], [[One Direction]], [[Cheryl Cole]], [[Adele]], [[Amy Winehouse]], [[Stormzy]];<br> (United Kingdom)
# [[U2]], [[Thin Lizzy]], [[The Pogues]], [[The Script]], [[The Undertones]], [[Sinéad O'Connor]] (Ireland),
# [[Kraftwerk]], [[Can (band)|Can]], [[Scorpions (band)|Scorpions]], [[Nina Hagen]], [[Trio (band)|Trio]], [[Rammstein]], [[Modern Talking]], [[James Last]], [[Paul Kalkbrenner]], [[Felix Jaehn]], [[Kay One]], [[Alex Christensen|Alex C]], [[Alle Farben]], [[Eko Fresh]], [[Bausa]], [[Capital Bra]], [[Robin Schulz]], [[Bushido]], [[Namika]], [[Scooter]], [[MoTrip]], [[Zedd]], [[Bonez MC]], [[Gzuz]] (Germany),
# [[ABBA]], [[The Cardigans]], [[The Hives]], [[Roxette]], [[Swedish House Mafia]], [[Avicii]], [[Icona Pop]], [[Zara Larsson]] (Sweden),
# [[Alan Walker]], [[Madcon]], [[Sigrid]], [[a-ha]] (Norway),
# [[Björk]], [[Sigur Rós]] (Iceland),
# [[Lepa Brena]], [[Ceca Ražnatović]], [[Jelena Karleuša]], [[Seka Aleksić]], [[Indira Radić]], [[Dragana Mirković]] (Serbia),
# [[Giorgio Moroder]], [[Andrea Bocelli]], [[Benny Benassi]], [[The Bloody Beetroots]], [[Mina (singer)|Mina]], [[Adriano Celentano]], [[Patty Pravo]], [[Toto Cutugno]], [[Laura Pausini]], [[Eros Ramazzotti]], [[Zucchero Fornaciari]], [[Domenico Modugno]], [[Lucio Battisti]], [[Giorgia Todrani|Giorgia]], [[Sabrina Salerno]], [[Ivana Spagna]], [[Eiffel 65]], [[Alexia (Italian singer)|Alexia]], [[Francesco Gabbani]], [[J-ax]], [[Gue Pequeno]], [[Sfera Ebbasta]] (Italy),
# [[Soulwax]], [[Deus (band)|dEUS]], [[Absynthe Minded]], [[The Black Box Revelation]], [[Selah Sue]], [[Girls in Hawaii]], [[Stromae]], (Belgium),
# [[Luis Eduardo Aute]], [[Julio Iglesias]], [[The Pinker Tones]], [[Lluis Llach]], [[Enrique Iglesias]] (Spain),
# [[Édith Piaf]], [[Serge Gainsbourg]], [[Daft Punk]], [[David Guetta]], [[Justice (band)|Justice]], [[Bob Sinclar]], [[Martin Solveig]], [[Étienne de Crécy]], [[Yelle]], [[Phoenix (band)|Phoenix]], [[Air (French band)|Air]], [[M83 (band)|M83]], [[Alizée]], [[C2C (group)|C2C]], [[Jean Michel Jarre]], [[Black M]], [[Kenji Girac]] (France),
# [[Nana Mouskouri]], [[Celine Dion]] (Greece/France), [[Helena Paparizou]] (Greece),
# [[Kati Wolf]] (Hungary),
# [[Timati]], [[Feduk]], [[T.A.T.u.]], [[Rompasso]], [[Gorky Park]], [[Allj]], [[Algie & Kravtsov]] (Russia),
# [[Sitek]], [[Ewelina Lisowska]], [[Sokół]], [[Tede]], [[Margaret]], [[Donatan]], [[C-BooL]], [[Doda (singer)|Doda]] (Poland),
# [[Rasmus Seebach]], [[The Raveonettes]], [[MQ]], [[Agnes Obel]], [[WhoMadeWho]] (Denmark),
# [[The Legendary Tigerman]], [[The Gift (band)|The Gift]] (Portugal),
# [[Alexandra Stan]], [[Inna]], [[Edward Maya]], [[Morandi]], [[Sandu Ciorba]] (Romania),
# [[HIM (Finnish band)|HIM]], [[The Rasmus]], [[Nightwish]], [[Alma]], [[Lordi]] (Finland),
# [[Nits (band)|The Nits]], [[Golden Earring]], [[zZz]], [[Nicky Romero]], [[Armin van Buuren]], [[Fedde le Grand]], [[Tiësto]], [[Hardwell]], [[Martin Garrix]], [[Afrojack]] (Netherlands).
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