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George Lucas merancang ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' pada tahun 1973, tak lama setelah menyelesaikan film komedi ''[[American Graffiti]]'' (1973).<ref name="GRAdarOverview"/><ref name="timeSlambangPage1"/> Poster film lama tentang watak heroik yang melompat dari kuda ke truk mengingatkan George pada film seri awal abad ke-20 yang ia nikmati semasa muda, seperti ''[[Buck Rogers (seri)|Buck Rogers]]'' (1939), ''[[Zorro's Fighting Legion]]'' (1939), ''[[Spy Smasher (seri)|Spy Smasher]]'' (1942), and ''[[Don Winslow of the Navy]]'' (1942).<ref name="MovieFoneGRAdarOverview"/><ref name="GRAdarOverviewtimeSlambangPage1"/><ref name="timeSlambangPage1MovieFone"/><ref name="Cinephilia"/> George ingin membuat [[film B]] yang meniru seri tersebut dan menyusun ''The Adventures of Indiana Smith'' yang menampilkan seorang arkeolog petualang yang dinamai anjing [[Alaskan Malamute]] miliknya.<ref name="GRAdarOverview"/><ref name="timeSlambangPage1"/><ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage1"/> Sekitar waktu yang sama, Lucas mencoba untuk mengadaptasi serial opera ruang angkasa ''[[Flash Gordon (serial)|Flash Gordon]]'' (1936), tetapi tidak dapat memperoleh haknya.<ref name="MovieFoneGRAdarOverview"/><ref name="GRAdarOverviewMovieFone"/><ref name="Cinephilia"/> Lucas shelved the Indiana Smith project to focus on creating his own space opera, ''[[Star Wars (film)|Star Wars]]'' (1977).<ref name="GRAdarOverview"/><ref name="Cinephilia"/>
 
Pada tahun 1975, George membincangkan gagasan film serinya dengan kawannya [[Philip Kaufman]]. George dan Philip ini mengerjakan naskah selama dua minggu.<ref name="timeSlambangPage2"/> George membayangkan wataknya sebagai seorang profesor perguruan tinggi dan petualang arkeolog, berdasarkan penghargaannya sendiri terhadap arkeologi dan arkeolog terkenal seperti [[Hiram Bingham III]], [[Roy Chapman Andrews]], dan [[Leonard Woolley]].<ref name="NatGeo"/> Philip menghapus pandangan George tentang Smith sebagai pelindung klub malam dan perayu wanita, serta menyarankan Tabut Perjanjian sebagai tujuan utama film tersebut;<ref name="GRAdarOverview"/><ref name="timeSlambangPage2"/> dia belajar tentang Tabut Perjanjian dari dokter gigi masa kecilnya.<ref name="EmpireMacGuffins"/> The Ark provided a source of conflict for the hero and the Nazis, playing off Nazi leader Adolf Hitler's historical [[Occultism in Nazism|fascination with the occult]].<ref name="EmpireMacGuffins"/>
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[[Lawrence Kasdan]] dipilih untuk menulis naskahnya. Lawrence telah bekerja sebagai penulis naskah profesional hanya selama sebulan, tetapi George setuju untuk mempekerjakannya setelah membaca naskah film ''[[Continental Divide (film)|Continental Divide]]'' (1981) karyanya.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage1"/><ref name="ASCMag"/> Pada Januari 1978, George, Lawrence, dan Steven menghabiskan sekitar sembilan jam sehari selama tiga sampai lima hari di rumah asisten George di [[Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles|Sherman Oaks]], [[Kota Los Angeles|Los Angeles]] untuk mengembangkan garis besar gagasan George.<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage1"/><ref name="timeSlambangPage2"/><ref name="NewYorkerSpitball"/> Beberapa gagasan muncul dari perbincangan mereka, di antaranya jebakan batu besar, monyet di Kairo, Toht membakar jejak medali di tangannya, dan agen pemerintah mengunci Tabut Perjanjian itu.<ref name="NewYorkerSpitball"/> Lawrence menyadari bahwa Steven dan George memiliki beberapa keputusan yang pasti, tetapi mereka sedang mencari orang lain yang bersedia bekerja keras menyatukannya.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage1"/>
 
Steven membenci nama Indiana Smith karena meyakini nama itu akan mengingatkan penonton kepada watak Nevada Smith yang diperankan Steve McQueen dalam [[Nevada Smith|film berjudul sama pada tahun 1966]]. Mereka sepakat menggunakan nama "Indiana Jones".<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="NewYorkerSpitball"/> Aktor [[Clint Eastwood]] dan [[Toshiro Mifune]] serta watak James Bond menjadi dasar penciptaan watak Indiana.<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="ASCMag"/> George ingin Indiana menjadi seorang praktisi [[kungfu]] dan ''[[playboy]]'', mendanai gaya hidupnya dengan rampasan dari petualangannya, tetapi Steven dan George merasa wataknya cukup rumit sebagai seorang petualang dan arkeolog.<ref name="NYTimesSerialsCinephilia"/><ref name="CinephiliaNewYorkerSpitball"/><ref name="NewYorkerSpitballNYTimesSerials"/> Steven menyarankan agar Indiana menjadi pejudi yang rajin atau pecandu alkohol, tetapi George ingin Indiana menjadi panutan yang "jujur dan benar dan percaya."<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="NewYorkerSpitball"/> Keduanya merasa penting Indiana menjadi bisa salah, rentan, dan mampu melakukan momen komedi seperti yang serius. Mereka bermaksud agar penonton bisa berhubungan dan mengidolakan Indiana.<ref name="VanityFairSpielberg"/> Lucas suggested Marion would have a romantic past with the much older Jones at the age of 11; Spielberg replied, "she had better be older".<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage1"/>
 
Sementara Steven menyutradarai ''[[1941]]'' (1979), George menggunakan kantornya untuk menulis naskah ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' dengan mengambil ilham dari seri awal abad ke-20 dan film petualangan seperti ''[[Red River (1948 film)|Red River]]'' (1948), ''[[Seven Samurai]]'' (1954), and ''[[The Magnificent Seven]]'' (1960).<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage1"/><ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage2"/> Dia menulis Jones sebagai antipahlawan, seorang arkeolog direduksi menjadi perampok kuburan.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage2"/> George wanted a supporting cast with their own unique characteristics and believed it was important these characters had a memorable impact.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage2"/> He described the hardest part of writing as explaining how Jones would fall into successive dangerous events and then survive, and how he traveled between locations.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage1"/> In August 1978, after approximately five months, Kasdan completed his first draft.<ref name="GRAdarOverview"/><ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="ASCMag"/>
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=== Pemeranan ===
[[Berkas:Tom Selleck at PaleyFest 2014.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=A photograph of Tom Selleck|[[Tom Selleck]] (in 2014) was cast as Indiana Jones, but he was forced to withdraw due to his contractual obligations to the television show ''[[Magnum, P.I.]]''. ]]
George ingin memerankan aktor yang relatif tidak dikenal yang akan berkomitmen pada trilogi film untuk memerankan Indiana Jones.<ref name="Cinephilia"/> Mereka yang dipertimbangkan untuk peran antara Bill Murray, Nick Nolte, Steve Martin, Chevy Chase, Tim Matheson, Nick Mancuso, Peter Coyote, Jack Nicholson, Jeff Bridges, dan John Shea.<ref name="MovieFone"/><ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage2"/> Casting director Mike Fenton favored Bridges but Lucas' wife and frequent collaborator [[Marcia Lucas]] preferred [[Tom Selleck]].<ref name="GRAdarOverview"/><ref name="Cinephilia"/> Selleck was contractually obligated to filming the television series ''[[Magnum, P.I.]]'' if it were to be made into a full series. Lucas and Spielberg asked the show's studio, [[CBS]], to release him early 10 days early from his contract. Realizing Selleck was in demand, CBS [[greenlit]] ''Magnum P.I.'', forcing him to drop out and leaving the production with no lead actor only weeks before filming.<ref name="MovieFoneGRAdarOverview"/><ref name="GRAdarOverviewMovieFone"/><ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage2"/> The [[List of Hollywood strikes|actors' strike of 1980]] later put the show on hiatus for three months, which would have allowed Selleck to star as Jones.<ref name="Cinephilia"/>
 
Steven mengatakan Harrison sempurna untuk peran itu setelah melihat pemeranannya di ''The Empire Strikes Back''; Kanzanjian mengatakan Harrison selalu dipertimbangkan tetapi tidak ditunjuk sebagai pemeran karena dia sudah menjadi aktor terkenal.<ref name="GRAdarOverview"/> George was concerned about seeming reliant on Ford by casting him in another film after ''Star Wars'', and he also did not think he would commit to three films.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage2"/> However, Ford thought it would be a fun project and agreed to the deal.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage2Cinephilia"/><ref name="CinephiliaEmpireOralHistoryPage2"/> He negotiated a seven-figure salary, a percentage of the gross profits, and the option to re-write his dialogue.<ref name="GRAdarOverview"/><ref name="Cinephilia"/> Ford undertook extensive exercise to enhance his physique and trained for several weeks under stunt coordinator Glenn Randall to use a [[bullwhip]], becoming proficient enough to disarm the Monkey Man (Vic Tablian). Ford had to rehabilitate his wrist to compensate for an old injury.<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage2"/> Ford saw the character as an academic first and an adventurer second.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage2"/>
 
Untuk wanita yang disukai Indiana, Steven menginginkan seseorang yang mirip dengan wanita terkemuka awal abad ke-20 seperti [[Irene Dunne]], [[Barbara Stanwyck]], dan [[Ann Sheridan]], yang menyamai rekan pria mereka.<ref name="VanityFairSpielberg"/> George menginginkan [[Debra Winger]], tetapi dia tidak tertarik, dan Spielberg menginginkan pacarnya Amy Irving, tetapi dia tidak tersedia.<ref name="GRAdarOverview"/><ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="EW15Facts"/> They also considered [[Barbara Hershey]] and [[Sean Young]].<ref name="MovieFone"/><ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage2"/> Karen Allen impressed Spielberg with her professionalism during auditions.<ref name="Cinephilia"/> One of the first things Spielberg asked Allen was "how well do you spit?"<ref name="GRAdarOverview"/> Allen developed a backstory for Marion that included her mother's death and her relationship with Jones when she was 15–16, but Spielberg said it belonged in a different movie.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage3"/> Kasdan named Marion after his grandmother-in-law,<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage3"/> and took Ravenwood from a Los Angeles street.<ref name="MentalFloss20"/>
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=== Pengambilan gambar ===
[[Berkas:Elstree Studios - geograph.org.uk - 1184042 (cropped).jpg|left|thumb|alt=A front-facing exterior photograph of Elstree Studios|On-set filming location, [[Elstree Studios (Shenley Road)|Elstree Studios]] (pictured 2009) in Hertfordshire, England ]]
[[Pengambilan gambar]] bermula pada 23 Juni 1980.<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="LucasFilmProduction"/> Pengambilan gambar berlangsung di tempat-tempat di [[La Rochelle]], Prancis; [[Tunisia]]; dan Hawaii, and on sets at [[Elstree Studios (Shenley Road)|Elstree Studios]] Studios, England.<ref name="timeSlambangPage5LucasFilmProduction"/><ref name="LucasFilmProductiontimeSlambangPage5"/> Elstree was chosen because it was well-staffed with artists and technicians who had worked on ''Star Wars''.<ref name="EWOpeningCinephilia"/><ref name="CinephiliaASCMag"/><ref name="ASCMagEWOpening"/> On-location shooting cost around $100,000 a day in addition to crew salaries; sets cost an additional $4{{nbsp}}million. The production could only afford certain equipment for a limited time, including a [[Panaglide|Panaglide camera stabilizer]] for smoother shots, and a [[Crane shot|camera crane]] for higher angles.<ref name="ASCMag"/> To maintain the tight schedule, Spielberg said he "...didn't do 30 or 40 takes; usually only four... Had I had more time and money, it would have turned out a pretentious movie."<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="timeSlambangPage5"/>
 
Pengambilan gambar bermula di La Rochelle, dengan adegan yang direkam yaitu penangkapan Angin Bantu oleh U-boat Nazi.<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="LucasFilmProduction"/> Watts borrowed a submarine from the war film ''[[Das Boot]]'' (1981) on condition it not be taken into deep waters.<ref name="Cinephilia"/> [[World War II]] German U-boat pens in La Rochelle represented the U-boat dock.<ref name="GRAdarOverview"/><ref name="LucasFilmProduction"/> An original coal-fired tramp steamer boat could not be found for filming, so an Egyptian boat found in an Irish port was decorated appropriately and sailed to France.<ref name="Cinephilia"/>
 
Produksi film kemudian berpindah ke Elstree Studios pada tanggal 30 Juni. Interior produksi termasuk adegan yang menampilkan seorang imam memecahkan sandi ketopong bajadan kuil Peru.<ref name="EWOpeningCinephilia"/><ref name="CinephiliaEWOpening"/> Semasa melakukan pengambilan gambar terhadap adegan Sumur Jiwa, sering sekali terjadi penundaan disebabkan ketersediaan ular yang terlalu sedikit, kekurangan bahan penangkal racun, dan putri Stanley Kubrick, Vivian yang mengunjungi ayahnya di tempat pengambilan gambar ''[[The Shining]]''— called the [[Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals]] (RSPCA) about the treatment of the snakes.<ref name="Cinephilia"/> The interior of Jones' school was filmed at [[The Royal Masonic School for Girls]] in [[Rickmansworth]], near Hertfordshire; the exterior is the [[University of the Pacific (United States)|University of the Pacific]] in [[California]].<ref name="UproxxLocations"/>
 
[[File:Sahara close to Tozeur (Tunisia).jpg|thumb|alt=A photograph of sand dunes in the Sahara desert near Tozeur in Tunisia|The [[Sahara desert (ecoregion)|Sahara desert]] (pictured in 2004) near the [[Tozeur]] oasis in [[Tunisia]] was the location of the Tanis dig site in the film.]]
Alih-alih melakukan pengambilan gambar di Mesir bagi adegan yang melibatkan tempat di Mesir, pihak produser menggunakan [[Tunisia]] sebagai gantinya.<ref name="CondeNastLocations"/> Spielberg menggambarkan fase ini sebagai salah satu pengalaman pembuatan film terburuknya: suhunya sering kali lebih dari 54 &nbsp;°C dan lebih dari 150 anggota kru menjadi sakit dengan disentri amoeba dari makanan lokal.<ref name="NYTimesSerialsCinephilia"/><ref name="IndependentRichardsASCMag"/><ref name="CinephiliaNYTimesSerials"/><ref name="ASCMagMentalFloss20"/><ref name="MentalFloss20IndependentRichards"/> Spielberg was one of the few to remain healthy because he ate food and water he brought from England.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage3"/> Lucas also suffered a severe sunburn and facial swelling.<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage3"/> The Cairo village was filmed in the city of [[Kairouan]].<ref name="UproxxLocations"/> A day of filming was lost there because over 300 TV antennas had to be removed from the surrounding houses.<ref name="Cinephilia"/> Budget constraints impacted Spielberg's desire to have 2,000 extras as diggers; he had to settle for 600.<ref name="ASCMag"/> Stuntman Terry Richards, who portrayed the swordsman nonchalantly dispatched by Jones, spent weeks practicing sword skills for an extended fight scene. Ford was unable to perform for long periods while suffering from dysentery, and it was decided to shorten the fight scene significantly.<ref name="IndependentRichards"/> The Sidi Bouhlel canyon near the city of [[Tozeur]] is where a rocket launcher-equipped Jones confronts the Nazis for the Ark. Lucas had used the canyon in ''Star Wars'' to portray the planet [[Tatooine]].<ref name="UproxxLocations"/><ref name="CondeNastLocations"/><ref name="TravelPulseLocations"/> During the scene, a fly crawled into Freeman's mouth during his dialogue, but he continued to deliver his lines.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage3"/>
 
Pada akhir bulan September, pengambilan gambar dipindahkan ke Hawaii untuk merekam adegan pembuka berlatarkan Peru.<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="UproxxLocations"/> Logo Paramount yang melebur menjadi gunung alami merupakan improvisasi oleh Spielberg berdasarkan kebiasaan masa kecilnya melakukan hal yang sama semasa membuat film; gunung itu adalah Gunung Kalalea di Pulau [[Kaua'i]].<ref name="EWOpeningMovieFone"/><ref name="MovieFoneMentalFloss20"/><ref name="MentalFloss20EWOpening"/> Meskipun adegan itu tampaknya berlatarkan satu tempat saja, tetapi pengambilan gambarnya dilakukan di 10 wilayah berbeda di Hawaii, termasuk [[Suaka Margasatwa Nasional Huleia]].<ref name="EWOpening"/><ref name="CondeNastLocations"/> It was originally more elaborate and longer, featuring an added betrayal by one of Jones' guides, resulting in a fight, and it had more dialogue; this was deemed unnecessary and removed for a tighter paced sequence.<ref name="EWOpening"/> The cave's exterior was considered a perfect location, though a nearby pool was a mosquito breeding ground; even with anti-mosquito equipment the crew was bitten.<ref name="Cinephilia"/> The donkeys used for the trek suffered [[Lameness (equine)|lameness]]. It was difficult to find replacements, and eventually, a pair of grey donkeys were painted brown with hair spray and flown by helicopter to the [[Nā Pali Coast State Park]] to finish the scene.<ref name="Cinephilia"/>
 
Naskah yang terlalu rinci menyebabkan banyak improvisasi, ketika naskah menggambarkan tiga orang berbicara di sebuah ruangan, maka dalam film akan berlangsung di sebuah tambang bersama 500 pemeran tambahan.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage3"/> Adegan seperti gadis muda dengan tulisan "Love You" di seluruh kelopak matanya dan Marion yang mengenakan gaun untuk menyembunyikan senjata juga diimprovisasi.<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="MentalFloss20"/> Allen, Lacey, Freeman, and Rhys-Davies sering menghabiskan waktu bersama di sela-sela pengambilan gambar untuk berbincang-bincang dan membahas watak mereka. Allen menggambarkan Harrison sebagai pribadi yang tidak akan membahas wataknya secara rinci dan butuh beberapa saat untuk beradaptasi dengan gaya kerjanya.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage3"/> Pengambilan gambar dituntaskan pada bulan September 1980 dengan menghabiskan waktu 73 hari.<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="ASCMag"/><ref name="timeSlambangPage5"/> Lucas menggambarkannya sebagai film yang paling sedikit bermasalah karena kurangnya gangguan studio.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage3"/>
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|rev3score = {{Rating|5|5}}
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'''''Raiders of the Lost Ark: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack''''' adalah [[musik film]] dari film [[Steven Spielberg]] tahun 1981, ''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark]]''. Musik tersebut dikomposisikan dan dikonduksikan oleh [[John Williams]], dan dipentaskan oleh [[London Symphony Orchestra]].
 
[[John Williams]] menjadi komposer bagi film ini. Ia mengatakan musik tidak harus serius untuk film dan malah harus teatrikal dan berlebihan.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage5"/> Williams spent a few weeks working on the Indiana Jones theme, more commonly known as "The Raiders March" that plays during the main character's heroic scenes. Two separate pieces were played for Spielberg, who wanted to use both. These pieces became the main theme and [[bridge (music)|musical bridge]] of "The Raiders March".<ref name="EmpireWilliams"/>
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=== Pemeran pengganti ===
[[File:Disneyindytruck1.jpg|thumb|alt=A photograph of a 1930s-era Mercedes-Benz truck used in the film on display at Disneyland in California|A film-used 1930s Mercedes-Benz 2.5 ton diesel truck on display at [[Disneyland]], California]]
Ukuran bagian dalam kuil Peru sama seperti aslinya.<ref name="EWOpeningASCMag"/><ref name="ASCMagEWOpening"/> Batu besar yang terbuat dari fiberglass, plaster dan kayu dirancang dengan lebar 20 m, tetapi dikurangi menjadi 6,7 m dengan berat 140 &nbsp;kg.<ref name="EWOpeningCinephilia"/><ref name="CinephiliaASCMag"/><ref name="ASCMagEWOpening"/> Spielberg liked the effect and had its ramp extended to give it more screen time.<ref name="EWOpening"/> The boulder was controlled by a steel rod concealed in the wall by rubber rock outcroppings.<ref name="ASCMag"/> Ford performed the stunt ten times for the different camera angles. Spielberg said he was an idiot for letting Ford do it, but it would not have looked as good with a stuntman concealing their face.<ref name="Cinephilia"/><ref name="ASCMag"/> Ford performed as many of his stunts as was allowed throughout ''Raiders'', suffering various injuries.<ref name="MovieFone"/><ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage4"/> The tarantulas on Molina's body would not move because they were male and non-aggressive. A female spider was put on his chest to encourage movement.<ref name="EWOpeningMovieFone"/><ref name="NYTimesSerials"/><ref name="MovieFoneEWOpening"/> Abandoned ideas for the temple included a crushing wall trap and a pit concealed by spider-webs. The golden idol also had mechanically operated eyes that could follow Jones.<ref name="EWOpening"/> For the last part of the scene where Jones flees by plane, the first take ended in near-disaster when the plane crashed from a height of {{convert|20|ft|m|abbr=on}} because Ford's dangling leg was blocking the aircraft's right flap.<ref name="Cinephilia"/>
 
Pengambilan gambar bagi adegan Sumur Jiwa awalnya tertunda karena kurangnya ular. Ada 500-600 ular yang digunakan untuk pengambilan jarak dekat dan beberapa ular buatan untuk pengambilan yang lebih luas, tetapi Steven menginginkan lebih dari itu. Sebuah permintaan dibuat untuk pawang ular dari sekitar London dan Eropa yang menghasilkan antara 6.000 dan 10.000 ular dalam beberapa hari.<ref name="timeSlambangPage1"/><ref name="MentalFloss20"/><ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage4"/> Afterward, they struggled to obtain anti-venom, and local supplies had expired; it had to be imported from India.<ref name="NYTimesSerials"/> The stage doors were kept open during filming for quick access to a waiting ambulance.<ref name="Cinephilia"/> Spielberg recounted that Allen was so scared she could not scream on cue. He dropped a dead serpent on her to elicit a genuine reaction.<ref name="NYTimesSerials"/> Allen said she got used to the creatures after 3–4 days.<ref name="WAPOAllen"/> Animal handler Steve Edge donned a dress and shaved his legs to stand in for Allen at specific points.<ref name="Cinephilia"/> Vivian Kubrick's complaint to the RSPCA about the perceived poor treatment of the snakes required production cease while safeguards were added.<ref name="Cinephilia"/>
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Di Amerika Serikat dan Kanada, ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' ditayangkan pada 12 Juni 1981 di 1.078 bioskop.<ref name="TheNumbersSummary"/><ref name="TheNumbersBOSummary"/> Film ini meraih $8,3 juta, dengan rata-rata $7.705 tiap bisokop,<ref name="NYTimesSupermanRelease"/><ref name="TheNumbers1981June12"/> dan tamat sebagai [[Daftar film berpendapatan tertinggi di Amerika Serikat 1981]] pada akhir pekan, menjelang penayangan ''[[Clash of the Titans (film 1981)|Clash of the Titans]]'' ($6,6 juta) dan ''History of the World, Part I'' ($4,9 juta).<ref name="TheNumbers1981June12"/> The film fell to the number three position in its second weekend with an additional gross of $8{{nbsp}}million—a decline of only four percent—behind the debuts of ''[[The Cannonball Run]]'' ($11.8{{nbsp}}million) and ''Superman II'' ($14.1{{nbsp}}million).<ref name="TheNumbers1981June19"/> By its fourth week, ''Raiders'' began climbing box office charts, reaching the number two position with a gross of $7.3{{nbsp}}million, behind ''Superman II'' ($10.9{{nbsp}}million).<ref name="TheNumbers1981June26"/><ref name="TheNumbers1981July3"/> In its sixth week, it regained the number one position with $6.4{{nbsp}}million.<ref name="TheNumbers1981July17"/> The film spent most of the following nine weeks as the number one film, and forty-weeks straight as one of the top ten highest-grossing films.<ref name="TheNumbersBOSummary"/> It was declared the top box office film of the summer by early September, with a total approximate gross of $125{{nbsp}}million. Of this figure, $72 million was estimated to have been returned to the studio; the profit-sharing deal with Spielberg and Lucas meant that after marketing costs, Paramount had earned $23{{nbsp}}million in profit.<ref name="NYTimesIndySummerWinner"/>
 
Film ini tetap berhasil dengan meyakinkan. Enam bulan selepas penayangan, eksekutif industri perfilman berkelakar ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' akan menjadi film Natal terlaris pada tahun itu.<ref name="TelegraphRetro"/><ref name="NYTimesXmas"/> The film officially left theaters on March{{nbsp}}18, 1982, although some were still playing it by July.<ref name="BOMTicketsEmpireOralHistoryPage5"/><ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage5BOMTickets"/>{{sfn|Ginsberg|1982|p=1}} ''Raiders'' earned an approximate total box office gross of $212.2{{nbsp}}million, making it the highest-grossing film of 1981, ahead of ''[[On Golden Pond (1981 film)|On Golden Pond]]'' ($119.3{{nbsp}}million), ''Superman II'' ($108.1{{nbsp}}million), and ''[[Stripes (film)|Stripes]]'' ($85.3{{nbsp}}million).<ref name="TheNumbersBOSummary"/><ref name="TheNumbers1981Overall"/><ref name="OldGoodBOMSummary"/> An estimate by [[Box Office Mojo]] suggests over 77{{nbsp}}million tickets were bought to see the film.<ref name="BOMTickets"/> ''Raiders'' remains the "leggiest" film ever released, referring to the difference between the highest-weekend gross and the time taken to achieve the overall total gross.<ref name="TelegraphRetro"/><ref name="TheNumbersLeggiest"/>
 
Di luar Amerika Serikat dan Kanada, ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' meraup $141.7 juta, sehingga menjadikannya film terlaris, mengalahkan ''For Your Eyes Only'' ($140.5 juta) and ''Superman II'' ($82.2 juta).<ref name="TheNumbers1981OutsideNA"/> In total, the film earned a worldwide gross of $354{{nbsp}}million, making it the highest-grossing film of 1981 worldwide, again ahead of ''For Your Eyes Only'' ($195.3{{nbsp}}million) and ''Superman II'' ($190.4{{nbsp}}million).<ref name="TheNumbersBOSummary"/><ref name="TheNumbers1981OutsideNA"/><ref name="TheNumbers1981Worldwide"/><ref name="OldBomWorldwide1981"/>
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The principal cast was generally well-received. Ebert said the amusing and unusual characters elevated the film beyond just a technical accomplishment. He described Ford's performance as taciturn and stubborn character in the vein of Humphrey Bogart in ''The Treasure of the Sierra Madre'', but with the ability to laugh at himself.<ref name="RevEbert"/> Klain described Ford's performance as "riveting", marking a major career highlight.<ref name="VarietyReview"/> Canby described Ford and Allen as both "endearingly resilient".<ref name="NYTimesCanbyReview"/> Ebert said Allen gives Marion a charming toughness.<ref name="RevEbert"/> Knight appreciated Marion did not become idiotic when the male star was in danger. His review concluded the character was the definition of an [[Feminism|activist]].<ref name="ReviewTHR"/> Srawgow said Allen's physical performance made her every bit the equal of Ford, and her vitality provided a positive counter to Ford's deadpan performance.<ref name="RollingStoneReview"/> Kael was critical of many cast performances, feeling they were stilted and heavily scripted. She singled out Freeman for praise, however, for continuing his performance after a fly crawled into his mouth;<ref name="PaulineKael"/> Freeman jokingly called it the best review of his career.<ref name="EmpireOralHistoryPage3"/> Klain called Lacey's Toht one of the most offensive Nazi stereotypes seen in cinema since World War II. However, he praised Rhys-Davies's and Elliott's performances.<ref name="VarietyReview"/>
 
Several reviewers singled out the opening of the Ark as one of the film's best special effects.<ref name="VarietyReviewNYTimesCanbyReview"/><ref name="NYTimesCanbyReviewReviewTHR"/><ref name="ReviewTHRVarietyReview"/> Knight said the effects artists deserved a "special accolade" for their work.<ref name="ReviewTHR"/> Canby described it as a visual display as "dazzling" as the denouement of Spielberg's ''Close Encounters of the Third Kind''.<ref name="NYTimesCanbyReview"/> Ebert said the truck chase stunt was the best he had ever seen, ahead of those in films like ''[[Bullitt]]'' (1968) and ''[[The French Connection (film)|The French Connection]]'' (1971).<ref name="RevEbert"/> [[Aljean Harmetz]], Klain, and Siskel asserted the film's PG rating—meaning any child could see it unsupervised—was too lenient for such a scary film filled with a variety of on-screen deaths. An intermediate rating between PG and R, PG-13, would not be introduced until 1984, in part a response to the violence of the Indiana Jones prequel, ''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom''. Some children were reported to have suffered nightmares afterward.<ref name="VarietyReview"/><ref name="GeneSiskelReview"/><ref name="NYTimesAgeRating"/><ref name="PG13"/>
 
== Rujukan ==
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{{Reflist|refs=
 
<ref name="4thSequelDeadline"">{{cite web |first=Justin |last=Kroll |title='Indiana Jones 5': Mads Mikkelsen Joins Harrison Ford And Phoebe Waller-Bridge In Sequel |url=https://deadline.com/2021/04/indiana-jones-5-mads-mikkelsen-joins-harrison-ford-and-phoebe-waller-bridge-in-sequel-1234732751/ |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |date=April 15, 2021 |access-date=April 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418084722/https://deadline.com/2021/04/indiana-jones-5-mads-mikkelsen-joins-harrison-ford-and-phoebe-waller-bridge-in-sequel-1234732751/ |archive-date=April 18, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
 
<ref name="ActionBFI">{{cite web|first=Matthew |last=Thrift |title=10 best action movies |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/news-bfi/lists/10-best-action-movies |date=July 2, 2015 |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] |access-date=June 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031073527/https://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/news-bfi/lists/10-best-action-movies |archive-date=October 31, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
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