Alawi: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{short description|Islamic sect centred in Syria}}{{About||kelompok Syiah Turki|Alevi|dinasti Maroko yang [[Sunni]]|Dinasti Alawi|kegunaan lain|Alawi (disambiguasi)}}
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▲{{Infobox Religious group||group=Alawites<br />''Alawīyah''|image=Zulfiqar with inscription.png|flag=|caption=[[Zulfiqar]], the stylised representation of the sword of Ali, is a crucial symbol for both Alawites and Shia Muslims|founder=[[Ibn Nusayr|Ibn Nuṣayr]]<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/mohammad-nosayr|title=MOḤAMMAD B. NOṢAYR | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Iranica |publisher=electricpulp.com}}</ref> and [[Al-Khaṣībī]]<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kasibi|title=ḴAṢIBI | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Iranica |publisher=electricpulp.com}}</ref>|region1={{flagcountry|Syria}}|population=About 3-4 million<ref>{{cite web |title=Primer on the Alawites in Syria - Foreign Policy Research Institute |url=https://www.fpri.org/article/2016/12/primer-alawites-syria/ |website=www.fpri.org |access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref>|pop1=Less than 3 million<ref>{{cite web |title=The 'secretive sect' in charge of Syria |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-18084964 |website=BBC News |access-date=13 April 2021 |date=17 May 2012}}</ref>|region2={{flagcountry|Turkey}}|pop2=500,000-1 million<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2012/10/201210217225938535.html|title=Syria strife tests Turkish Alawites|first=Matthew|last=Cassel}}</ref><ref name="telegraph">{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/04/02/who-are-the-alawites/|title=Who are the Alawites?|website=The Telegraph|date=3 April 2016|last1=Spencer|first1=Richard}}</ref>|region3={{flagcountry|Lebanon}}|pop3=100,000<ref name="repost1">[http://www.repost.us/article-preview/#!hash=0467cbf01990a23ab00bfe1a45696310] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120806071752/http://www.repost.us/article-preview |date=6 August 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Lebanon-News/2005/Apr-30/4206-lebanese-allawites-welcome-syrias-withdrawal-as-necessary.ashx#axzz2xTGie9Fr |title= Lebanese Allawites welcome Syria's withdrawal as 'necessary' |journal=The Daily Star |date=30 April 2005 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.al-akhbar.com/content/lebanon%E2%80%99s-alawi-minority-struggles-%E2%80%98nation%E2%80%99-sects|title=Lebanon's Alawi: A Minority Struggles in a 'Nation' of Sects |publisher=Al Akhbar English |date=8 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304024011/http://english.al-akhbar.com/content/lebanon%E2%80%99s-alawi-minority-struggles-%E2%80%98nation%E2%80%99-sects |access-date=6 July 2012 |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref>|region4={{flagcountry|Germany}}|pop4=70,000<ref>''[http://remid.de/info_zahlen/islam "Mitgliederzahlen: Islam"]'', in: ''Religionswissenschaftlicher Medien- und Informationsdienst|Religionswissenschaftliche Medien- und Informationsdienst e. V. (Abbreviation: REMID)'', Retrieved 13 February 2017</ref><ref>''[http://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/76744/umfrage/anzahl-der-muslime-in-deutschland-nach-glaubensrichtung "Anzahl der Muslime in Deutschland nach Glaubensrichtung im Jahr 2015* (in 1.000)"]'', in: ''[[Statista]] GmbH'', Retrieved 13 February 2017</ref>|region5=Lebanon/[[Golan Heights]]|pop5=2,200 live in [[Ghajar]], most with dual [[Syrian nationality law|Syrian]] and [[Israeli citizenship]]<ref>[https://unifil.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/20170113presskit.pdf UNIFIL Press Kit] p.6</ref>|region6={{flagcountry|Australia}}|pop6=1,500{{efn|Approximately 2% of [[Lebanese Australian|Lebanese-born people in Australia]]}}<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J5Edz2OlQNMC|title=Arab-Australians today: citizenship and belonging|author=Ghassan Hage|edition=Paperback|publisher=Melbourne University Publishing|year=2002|isbn=0-522-84979-2|page=40}}</ref>|langs=[[Arabic language|Arabic]], [[Turkish language|Turkish]] and other languages in diaspora.}}
'''Alawi''' ({{lang-ar|علوية}} ''Alawīyah''), atau juga disebut '''Nushairiyah'''<ref>{{cite book|author1=Gisela Procházka-Eisl|author2=Stephan Procházka|year=2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ixl3NcvAixAC&pg=PA20|title=The Plain of Saints and Prophets: The Nusayri-Alawi Community of Cilicia (Southern Turkey) and Its Sacred Places|publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag|isbn=978-3-447-06178-0|page=20|quote=...for nearly a millennium the term by far most often used in both Oriental and Western sources for this group has been 'Nusayri'.}}</ref> ({{lang-ar|نصيرية}} ''Nuṣairīyah'') adalah [[kelompok etnoreligius]] yang banyak tinggal di [[Syam]] dan menganut sekte Alawi yang bercabang dari ajaran [[Syiah]].<ref name="urlHandbook to Life in the Medieval World, 3-Volume Set - Madeleine Pelner Cosman, Linda Gale Jones - Google Książki">{{cite book|author1=Madeleine Pelner Cosman|author2=Linda Gale Jones|year=2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-Jf5t1vFw1QC&pg=PA407|title=Handbook to Life in the Medieval World, 3-Volume Set|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-0907-7|page=407}}</ref> Alawi mengakui [[Ali bin Abi Thalib]] sebagai [[Imamah|Imam Pertama]] dalam mazhab [[Syiah Dua Belas Imam]]. Kelompok ini diyakini dibentuk oleh [[Muhammad bin Nushair]] pada abad ke-9. Ibnu Nushair mulanya adalah pengikut imam kesepuluh dari 12 Imam, [[Ali al-Hadi]] dan kesebelas, [[Hasan al-Askari]]. Dengan demikian, Alawi dijuluki sebagai ''Nushairi''.
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