David Cameron: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 92:
Pada [[Pemilihan Umum Britania Raya, 2015|pemilihan umum 2015]] Partai Konservatif berhasil menambah perolehan kursinya, sehingga memperoleh mayoritas di [[Dewan Rakyat Britania Raya|Dewan Rakyat]]. Cameron mempertahankan posisinya sebagai Perdana Menteri.<ref>{{cite web|title=Live election results|url=http://www.theguardian.com/politics/ng-interactive/2015/may/07/live-uk-election-results-in-full|date=7 May 2015|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=8 May 2015}}</ref>
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Cameron, who made his [[maiden speech]] on [[28 June]] [[2001]] [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200102/cmhansrd/vo010628/debtext/10628-30.htm#10628-30_spnew3], rose quickly through the Conservative ranks. He was appointed a Shadow Minister, Privy Council Office — part of the frontbench team shadowing the [[Leader of the House of Commons]] — in [[June 2003]] and promoted in [[March 2004]] to Shadow Minister for Local Government. In [[June 2004]], he became [[Head of Policy Co-ordination]] for the Conservative Party, and since September 2004 has been a member of the Shadow Cabinet. He was heavily involved in the drafting of the Conservative manifesto for the [[United Kingdom general election, 2005|2005 general election]]. In [[May 2005]], in the post-election reshuffle, he was made Shadow [[Secretary of State for Education and Skills]]. In this post he focused on urging the use of [[synthetic phonics]] in teaching (a policy subsequently adopted by the government), calling for a review of the closure of [[Special School]]s and "returning integrity" to examinations. Cameron has been a loyal follower of the Conservative [[Whip (politics)|Whip]] whilst an MP and in common with his party he supported the [[Iraq]] war.
===Party leadership election===
{{sidebar|'''Election procedure'''
In the first ballot of Conservative MPs, held on [[18 October]] [[2005]], Cameron came second with 56 votes to [[David Davis]]' 62 (though Cameron gained more votes than expected and Davis fewer). [[Liam Fox]] came third with 42 votes, [[Ken Clarke]] last with 38 votes and was eliminated. In the second ballot ([[20 October]] [[2005]]), Cameron came first with 90 votes to David Davis' 57, and Liam Fox was eliminated with 51 [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4360662.stm]. All 198 Conservative MPs voted in both ballots. The next stage was for the Conservative party membership across the country to be polled on whether Cameron or Davis should be Conservative leader.
Cameron was ultimately elected with more than twice as many votes as Davis; Cameron won 134,446 votes from [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] members on a 78% [[turnout]], beating Davis, who received 64,398 votes. Cameron received over half the total number of ballot papers issued.
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Following the Labour victory in the May 2005 General Election, Michael Howard announced his resignation as Conservative leader, and set a lengthy timetable for the [[Conservative Party (UK) leadership election, 2005|leadership election]] to choose his successor, partly to accommodate an attempt to reform the leadership election procedure (which was eventually rejected).
Cameron formally announced that he would be a candidate for the vacancy on [[29 September]] [[2005]]. He gained support from many colleagues including [[Boris Johnson]], Shadow Chancellor [[George Osborne]], then Shadow Defence Secretary and deputy Conservative leader [[Michael Ancram]], [[Oliver Letwin]] and former party leader [[William Hague]]. [http://www.cameroncampaign.org/supporters.html] Despite this prior to the 2005 Conservative Party Conference his campaign had not yet gained significant support. However his speech (delivered without notes, as is his habit) proved a significant turning point in the contest. In the speech he vowed to make people "feel good about being Conservatives again...I want to switch on a whole new generation".
During the leadership election Cameron came under pressure over alleged experience with illegal drugs. At a conference fringe event, when asked if he had taken drugs, he replied: "I had a normal university experience." Pressed on this point during the BBC programme ''[[Question Time (television)|Question Time]]'', he insisted that everyone is allowed to "err and stray" in their past and that everyone is entitled to a private life before politics [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4340328.stm]. He also pointed out that members of the governing Labour Cabinet never answer this question when it is put to them.
Cameron's social background - featuring an aristocratic family, and education at [[Eton]] - was also frequently commented upon during the leadership election, and contrasted with the background of rival contender [[David Davis]], who was brought up on a [[council estate]]. Cameron's victory in the leadership election, by that time widely expected based on opinion polls of Conservative Party members, was announced on [[6 December]] [[2005]], at which point he became [[Conservative Party (UK)|the 26th Leader of the Conservative Party]] and [[Leader of the Opposition|Leader of Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition]], succeeding [[Michael Howard]].
With just four years experience as a Member of Parliament, Cameron is perhaps the most inexperienced parliamentarian to take the leadership of a major British political party since [[William Pitt the Younger]], having spoken from the Opposition [[despatch box]] in the chamber of the House of Commons only four times since his election to Parliament [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,17129-1910941,00.html]. However, Cameron's experience in politics goes back further than as an MP, having previously worked first for the Conservative Party and then as an adviser in John Major's government. As is customary for Opposition leaders who are not already members (for example [[Neil Kinnock]], [[Tony Blair]] and [[Iain Duncan Smith]]) he will shortly be sworn into membership of the [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Privy Council]].
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