Pendudukan Chornobyl: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Dibuat dengan menerjemahkan Capture of Chernobyl
 
-> add section "Latar belakang"
Baris 28:
 
[[Zona Eksklusi Chornobyl]] berhasil diduduki oleh [[Angkatan Bersenjata Rusia]]<ref>{{cite news|last=Mohling|first=Judith|date=11 Maret 2022|title=Peace Train: It's time to bid nuclear power plants goodbye|url=https://www.coloradodaily.com/2022/03/11/peace-train-its-time-to-bid-nuclear-power-plants-goodbye/|work=Colorado Daily|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402064331/https://www.coloradodaily.com/2022/03/11/peace-train-its-time-to-bid-nuclear-power-plants-goodbye/|archive-date=2 April 2022|access-date=3 April 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> sejak hari pertama invasi tanggal 24 Februari dalam peristiwa [[Invasi Rusia ke Ukraina 2022]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|date=24 Februari 2022|title=Chernobyl power plant captured by Russian forces -Ukrainian official|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/chernobyl-power-plant-captured-by-russian-forces-ukrainian-official-2022-02-24/|work=[[Reuters]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224174356/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/chernobyl-power-plant-captured-by-russian-forces-ukrainian-official-2022-02-24/|archive-date=24 Februari 2022|access-date=24 Februari 2022|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref> Pasukan Rusia memasuki wilayah Ukraina dari negara[[Belarusia]] yang bersebelahan dengan Ukraina dan berhasil merebut seluruh wilayah [[Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir Chornobyl]] pada akhir hari.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=24 Februari 2022|title=Chernobyl nuclear plant targeted as Russia invades Ukraine|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/24/chernobyl-nuclear-plant-targeted-as-russia-invades-ukraine|work=[[Al Jazeera]]|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224204934/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/24/chernobyl-nuclear-plant-targeted-as-russia-invades-ukraine|archive-date=24 Februari 2022|access-date=24 Februari 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":5" /> Pada 7 Maret, dilaporkan bahwa terdapat sekitar 300 orang (100 pekerja dan 200 penjaga keamanan) yang terjebak tidak dapat keluar dari area pembangkit listrik tersebut sejak diduduki pasukan Rusia.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Tobias|first=Ben|date=7 Maret 2022|title=Ukraine war: Chernobyl workers' 12-day ordeal under Russian guard|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60638949|work=[[BBC News]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220309173838/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60638949|archive-date=9 Maret 2022|access-date=7 Maret 2022|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref> Pada 31 Maret, dilaporkan juga bahwa sebagian besar pasukan Rusia yang menduduki area pembangkit listrik, telah ditarik untuk fokus pada operasi-operasi di Ukraina Timur karena operasi di [[Serangan Kyiv (2022)|Kyiv]] telah ditinggalkan.
 
== Latar belakang ==
[[Bencana Chernobyl]] yang terjadi pada 1986, telah melepaskan sejumlah besar materi radioaktif dari [[Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir Chornobyl]] ke lingkungan di sekitarnya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 Mei 2014|title=Chernobyl Nuclear Accident|url=https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/focus/chernobyl|publisher=[[International Atomic Energy Agency]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611102751/http://www.iaea.org/NewsCenter/Focus/Chernobyl/|archive-date=11 Juni 2008|access-date=25 Februari 2022|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref> Wilayah dalam radius 30 kilometer dari reaktor yang meledak, dievakuasi dan ditutup oleh otoritas Soviet.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Marples|first=David R.|date=1988|url=https://archive.org/details/socialimpactof00marp|title=The Social Impact of the Chernobyl Disaster|location=New York|p=[https://archive.org/details/socialimpactof00marp/page/27 27]|publisher=St. Martin's Press|isbn=978-0-312-02432-1|others=Introduction be Victor G. Snell|lccn=88018314|oclc=489602767|ol=OL2041623M|url-access=registration|via=[[Internet Archive]]|df=dmy-all|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Ritzer|first=George|last2=Atalay|first2=Zeynep|date=1 Maret 2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ynQPYXUQF64C&pg=PA272|title=Readings in Globalization: Key Concepts and Major Debates|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|isbn=978-1-4051-3273-2|page=272|access-date=2 Maret 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303234623/https://books.google.com/books?id=ynQPYXUQF64C&pg=PA272|archive-date=3 Maret 2022|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref> Kawasan ini kemudian diresmikan dan disebut sebagai [[Zona Eksklusi Chornobyl]], yang batas-batas wilayahnya berubah dari waktu ke waktu.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bondarkov|first=Mikhail D.|last2=Oskolkov|first2=Boris Ya.|last3=Gaschak|first3=Sergey P.|last4=Kireev|first4=Sergey I.|last5=Maksimenko|first5=Andrey M.|last6=Proskura|first6=Nikolai I.|last7=Jannik|first7=G. Timothy|last8=Farfán|first8=Eduardo B.|date=October 2011|title=Environmental Radiation Monitoring in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone – History and Results 25 Years After|url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc837525/|journal=Health Physics|volume=101|issue=4|pages=442–485|doi=10.1097/HP.0b013e318229df28|pmid=21878769|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402025732/https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc837525/|archive-date=2 April 2022|access-date=1 April 2022|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref> Wilayah ini kemudian menjadi bagian dari Ukraina dalam peristiwa [[pembubaran Uni Soviet]],<ref>{{Cite book|last=Petryna|first=Adriana|year=2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EPnZrC4kEv8C&pg=PA49|title=Life Exposed: Biological Citizens After Chernobyl|location=New Jersey|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-09019-1|pp=4-5, 49f.3|access-date=26 Februari 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130221442/https://books.google.com/books?id=EPnZrC4kEv8C&pg=PA49|archive-date=30 Januari 2022|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref> kemudian dikelola oleh Layanan Darurat Negara Ukraina.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Economic Commission for Europe|date=17 December 1999|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AaUCEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA50|title=Environmental Performance Reviews: Ukraine – First Review|publisher=[[United Nations]]|isbn=978-92-1-004057-0|page=50|access-date=2 Maret 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303234634/https://books.google.com/books?id=AaUCEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA50|archive-date=3 Maret 2022|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>
 
== Referensi ==