Kerusuhan Ürümqi Juli 2009: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Pada 6 Juli, ketua WOUX Nur Bekri mengeluarkan garis waktu resmi pada hari sebelumnya, yang menyatakan bahwa lebih dari 200 pengunjuk rasa berkumpul di Lapangan Rakyat Ürümqi pada pukul 17.00 waktu setempat, dan sekitar 70 pemimpin mereka ditangkap. Kemudian, sebuah kerumunan berkumpul di sebagian besar wilayah Uighur Jalan Jiefang Selatan, Erdaoqiao, dan Gang Shanxi; pada pukul 19:30, lebih dari seribu orang berkumpul di depan sebuah rumah sakit di Gang Shanxi. Sekitar pukul 19.40, lebih dari 300 orang memblokir jalan-jalan di Jalan Renmin dan kawasan Nanmen. Menurut Bekri, para pengunjuk rasa mulai menyerang bus-bus pada pukul 20.18, setelah polisi "mengendalikan dan menangkapi" kerumunan tersebut.<ref name="中新网">{{cite news |url=http://www.chinanews.com/gn/news/2009/07-06/1762907.shtml | script-title=zh:新疆披露打砸抢烧杀暴力犯罪事件当日发展始末 |publisher=中新网 Chinanews.com.cn |date=6 July 2009|language=zh}}</ref>
Penyebab para pengunjuk rasa menjadi melakukan kekerasan tidak jelas.<ref name=ai>{{cite journal | title = "Justice, justice": The July 2009 Protests in Xinjiang, China | url = http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/ASA17/027/2010/en/425679a8-6fde-40b5-a38b-83699e5ac1bc/asa170272010en.pdf | publisher = [[Amnesty International]] | date = 2 July 2010 | accessdate = 2 July 2010 | archive-date = 2012-10-01 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121001133740/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/ASA17/027/2010/en/425679a8-6fde-40b5-a38b-83699e5ac1bc/asa170272010en.pdf | dead-url = yes }}</ref><ref name=afraidtoevenlook/><ref name=buqingchu>{{cite web | url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,4511658,00.html | date=23 July 2009 | accessdate=5 September 2009 | title=美新疆问题专家鲍文德访谈 (Interview with American "Xinjiang problem" expert Gardiner Bovingdon) | publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]]|quote=<br />Pewawancara: 您认为事件的过程已经非常清楚了吗？ ''(Apakah kau pikir proses pemberontakan tersebut telah jelas?)''<br />Bovingdon: 不清楚，而且我觉得可以说很不清楚。 ''(Tidak, peristiwa tersebut tidak jelas, dan Aku pikir kami dapat berkata bahwa peristiwa tersebut tidak jelas.)''}}</ref> Beberapa orang berkata bahwa polisi menggunakan pasukan khusus untuk melawan para pengunjuk rasa;<ref name=ai/><ref name=BBC090707/><ref name=lat090706>{{cite news |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2009/jul/06/world/fg-china-protest6 |title=140 slain as Chinese riot police, Muslims clash in north-western city |first=Barbara |last=Demick |date=6 July 2009 | accessdate=18 January 2010 | work=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> Kongres Uighur Sedunia dengan cepat mengeluarkan perilisan pers yang menyataskan bahwa polisi menggunakan pasukan mematikan dan membunuh "sejumlah" pengunjuk rasa.<ref name=WUCpressrelease1>{{cite web | accessdate=5 September 2009 | publisher=World Uyghur Congress | date=6 July 2009 | url=http://www.uyghurcongress.org/en/?p=966 | title=WUC Condemns China's Brutal Crackdown of a Peaceful Protest in Urumchi City}}</ref><ref name=WUCpressrelease2>{{cite web | accessdate=5 September 2009 | publisher=World Uyghur Congress | date=7 July 2009 | url=http://www.uyghurcongress.org/en/?p=975 | title=World Uyghur Congress' Statement on July 5th Urumqi Incident}}</ref> Kadeer menuduh bahwa terdapat provokator pada kerumunan tersebut.<ref name=nottelling>{{cite web | publisher=Uyghur American Association | url=http://www.uyghuramerican.org//articles/3304/1/Unrest-in-East-Turkestan-What-China-is-Not-Telling-the-Media/index.html | last=Kadeer | first=Rebiya | authorlink=Rebiya Kadeer | title=Unrest in East Turkestan: What China is not telling the media | date=20 July 2009 | accessdate=29 September 2009 | archive-date=2009-07-24 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090724093826/http://www.uyghuramerican.org/articles/3304/1/Unrest-in-East-Turkestan-What-China-is-Not-Telling-the-Media/index.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name=csm>{{cite news |url=http://www.csmonitor.com/2009/0712/p06s07-wogn.html |title=Q&A with Uighur spiritual leader Rebiya Kadeer |date= 12 July 2009 | accessdate=18 January 2010 |first=Robert |last=Marquand
|work=Christian Science Monitor |quote=[Kadeer:] I was quite surprised by the loss of so many lives. Initially the protest was peaceful. You could even see Uighurs in the crowd holding Chinese flags. There were women and children, and that seemed at first like a good thing. But the Uighurs were provoked by Chinese security forces – dogs, armoured cars. What has not been noted are the plain clothes police who went in and provoked the Uighurs. My view is that the Chinese wanted a riot in order to justify a larger crackdown; it's an attempt to create solidarity between the Han and the government at a time when there is insecurity. Provoking the crowd justifies that this was a Uighur mob.}}</ref> Klaim lainnya menyatakan bahwa para pengunjuk rasa memang berniat melakukan kekerasan; contohnya, seorang saksi mata Uighur berkata kepada ''[[The New York Times]]'' bahwa para pengunjuk rasa mulai melempari batu kepada polisi.<ref name=nyt090705/> Pernyataaan resmi pemerintah menyatakan bahwa kekerasan tersebut tidak hanya niatan dari para pengunjuk rasa, tetapi juga direncanakan dan didalangi oleh para separatis Uighur di luar negeri.<ref name=chinad090706/><ref name=cctv2/> [[Biro keamanan masyarakat Tiongkok|Biro keamanan masyarakat]] lokal berkata bahwa mereka menemukan bukti bahwa beberapa orang Uighur telah berkunjung dari kota lainnya untuk berkumpul pada pemberontakan tersebut, dan mereka mulai menyiapkan senjata dua atau tiga hari sebelum pemberontakan tersebut.<ref name=xhweapons>{{cite news | agency=Xinhua | publisher=Chinaview.cn | title=Urumqi riots: Weapons prepared beforehand, division of tasks clear | url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-07/21/content_11744210.htm | accessdate=15 December 2009 | date=21 July 2009}}</ref>
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Turki, yang memiliki minoritas Uighur yang vokal dan merupakan sebuah negara mayoritas Turkic, secara resmi mengekspresikan "kesedihan mendalam", dan meminta otoritas Tiongkok untuk mengirimkan para pelaku ke pengadilan.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.todayszaman.com/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?load=detay&link=180125&bolum=100 |title=Tension runs high as China cracks down on Uighur riot |publisher=[[Today's Zaman]] |date=7 July 2009 |accessdate=5 April 2011 |archive-date=2012-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308124949/http://www.todayszaman.com/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?load=detay&link=180125&bolum=100 |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.etaiwannews.com/etn/news_content.php?id=997938&lang=eng_news |title=Turkish FM calls on China to end violence |work=Taiwan News |agency=Associated Press |accessdate=18 January 2010 |date=8 July 2009 |archive-date=2009-07-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710175755/http://www.etaiwannews.com/etn/news_content.php?id=997938&lang=eng_news |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Perdana Menteri-nya, [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]], berkata bahwa insiden tersebut "mirip genosida",<ref>{{cite news | title=Turkish PM compares violence in China to genocide | url=http://www.wsvn.com/news/articles/world/MI125641/ | agency=Associated Press | date=10 July 2009 | accessdate=5 September 2009 | archive-date=2009-07-13 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090713190636/http://www.wsvn.com/news/articles/world/MI125641/ | dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | date=10 July 2009 | accessdate=18 January 2010 |title=Turkey attacks China 'genocide' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8145451.stm |publisher=BBC News }}</ref> sementara Menteri Perdagangan dan Industri [[Nihat Ergün]] menyerukan pemboikotan barang-barang Tiongkok.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.todayszaman.com/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?load=detay&link=180534 | title=Turkey calls for boycott of Chinese goods | date=9 July 2009 | work=Today's Zaman | accessdate=18 January 2010 | agency=Associated Press | archive-date=2012-03-08 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308123508/http://www.todayszaman.com/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?load=detay&link=180534 | dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.france24.com/en/20090710-turkish-pm-erdogan-xinjiang-violence-genocide-turkey-uighurs-han-trade-beijing-china | title=Turkish PM Erdogan likens Xinjiang violence to 'genocide' | date=10 July 2009 | accessdate=18 January 2010 | agency=Agence France-Presse | work=France 24}}</ref> Kekerasan melawan Uighur juga membuat orang-[[orang Turkic]] berkumpul untuk berunjuk rasa menentang RRT, kebanyakan menargetkan kedutaan-kedutaan besar dan konsulat-konsulat Tiongkok di berbagai kota di Turki. Tindakan Turki tersebut mendapatkan kecaman signifikan dari media Tiongkok.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/b2fe933a-70d5-11de-9717-00144feabdc0.html | work=Financial Times | title=China fury at Turkey's 'genocide' comments | first=Kathrin | last=Hille | first2=Delphine | last2=Strauss | date=15 July 2009 | accessdate=15 July 2009 | archive-date=2009-07-18 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090718105433/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/b2fe933a-70d5-11de-9717-00144feabdc0.html | dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | work=[[The Malaysian Insider]] | title=Turkey PM told to retract Xinjiang 'genocide' claim |date=14 July 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/07/14/us-china-xinjiang-idUSTRE56D0QJ20090714?feedType=RSS&feedName=worldNews | title=China dismisses accusation of Xinjiang genocide | publisher=Reuters | date=14 July 2009 | accessdate=15 July 2009 | archive-date=2015-09-24 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924142500/http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/07/14/us-china-xinjiang-idUSTRE56D0QJ20090714?feedType=RSS&feedName=worldNews | dead-url=yes }}</ref> Rebiya Kadeer mengklaim bahwa Turki ikut campur dalam masalah Uighur karena Turki ingin membalas keterlibatan Tiongkok dalam [[konflik Turki–PKK|masalah Kurdi]]-nya sendiri.<ref>{{cite book| last = Kadeer| first = Rebiya| title = Dragon Fighter One Woman's Epic Struggle for Peace with China| url = https://archive.org/details/dragonfighterone0000kade| year = 2009| publisher = Kales Press| isbn = 978-0-9798456-1-1| page = [https://archive.org/details/dragonfighterone0000kade/page/273 273] }}</ref> Sebuah kebijakan untuk memboikot produk-produk Tiongkok yang dibuat oleh [[Nihat Ergun]] mengalami kegagalan.<ref>http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/10/turkey-kuwait-ambassador-traffic-brawl-army-pilot.html</ref>
Negara-negara Arab secara politik mendukung Tiongkok di OKI khususnya Arab Saudi dan Mesir dalam membantu menghalau gerakan anti-Tiongkok oleh [[Organisasi Kerja Sama Islam]] terkait masalah Uighur. Mesir memandang peristiwa tersebut sebagai masalah sektarian dalam negeri mereka sendiri dan Sudan juga menangkal gangguan luar dalam masalah dalam negerinya, sementara Indonesia telah bersepakat dengan golongan Islamis di dalam negerinya sendiri dan menyatakan bahwa peristiwa tersebut bukanlah konflik agama melainkan meredam gangguan berbasis etnis di Xinjiang untuk menenangkan situasi.<ref name="wikileaks">{{cite web|url=https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/09BEIJING2041_a.html|title=Cable: 09BEIJING2041_a|publisher=wikileaks.org|accessdate=21 October 2015}}</ref> Pakistan, Arab Saudi, dan Mesir membantu Tiongkok menangkis pernyataan tentang situasi Xinjiang dalam OKI.<ref name="wikileaks2">{{cite web|url=https://www.wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/09BEIJING2185_a.html|title=Cable: 09BEIJING2185_a|publisher=wikileaks.org|accessdate=21 October 2015|archive-date=2016-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111221531/https://www.wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/09BEIJING2185_a.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Tidak ada reaksi publik yang dibuat oleh Liga Arab, Arab Saudi dan Iran terhadap situasi tersebut dan Tiongkok trlah membangun hubungan kuat dengan Iran dan Arab Saudi karena pengaruh mereka di dunia Islam.<ref name="Al-Tamimi2013">{{cite book|author=Naser M. Al-Tamimi|title=China-Saudi Arabia Relations, 1990-2012: Marriage of Convenience Or Strategic Alliance?|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tYuwAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA92&dq=uyghur+pressure+marriage&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDcQ6AEwA2oVChMIqbfH4ZPLyAIVDHM-Ch2zgwgG#v=onepage&q=uyghur%20pressure%20marriage&f=false|date=5 September 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-46153-0|pages=92–}}</ref>
Afghanistan,<ref name=afghan>{{cite news |url=http://en.trend.az/news/world/afghanistan/1501282.html |title=Afghanistan supports China's territorial integrity |work=Trend News |date=8 July 2009 |accessdate=18 January 2010 }}{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kamboja,<ref name=cambod>{{cite news | url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-07/11/content_11693729.htm | title=China taking appropriate measures in Xinjiang: Cambodian gov't | agency=Xinhua | publisher=Chinaview.cn | accessdate=18 January 2010 | date=11 July 2009}}</ref> dan Vietnam berkata bahwa mereka meyakini pemerintah Tiongkok telah "mengambil langkah-langkah tepat",<ref name=viet>{{cite news |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-07/08/content_11673383.htm |title=Vietnam expresses support for China's handling of Xinjiang unrest |agency=Xinhua | publisher=Chinaview.cn | accessdate=18 January 2010 |date=8 July 2009}}</ref> pernyataan mereka didukung "integritas teritorial dan kedaulatan Tiongkok".<ref name=afghan/> [[Wakil Presiden Negara Federasi Mikronesia|Wakil Presiden Mikronesia]] [[Alik Alik]] mencap kerusuhan tersebut sebagai "tindakan teroris".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-07/09/content_11681728.htm |title=Micronesia vice president condemns Xinjiang riot |date= 9 July 2009 | accessdate=18 January 2010 | publisher=Chinaview.cn | agency=Xinhua}}</ref>
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* [http://news.cctv.com/special/wlmq/gundong/ CCTV special coverage]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/8135542.stm BBC Photo Gallery]
* [http://drop.io/urumuqi drop.io for Urumqi riots] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090709040731/http://drop.io/urumuqi |date=2009-07-09 }}
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sekG0_H7LGQ&feature=fvsr Rebiya Kadeer interviewed by Al-Jazeera] - [[YouTube]]
* [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/tom-doctoroff/the-uighur-crisis-worse-t_b_226777.html The Uighur Crisis: Worse Than Tibet?] by Tom Doctoroff, ''The Huffington Post'', July 7 2009
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