Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Nama "Kwangmyŏngsŏng" kaya akan simbol nasionalisme Korea Utara dan kultus keluarga Kim. Sementara catatan [[Soviet]] menceritakan bahwa mendiang pemimpin Korea Utara Kim Jong-il lahir di desa Vyatskoye dekat [[Khabarovsk]] di [[Timur Jauh Rusia]], sumber internal DPRK mengklaim bahwa Kim lahir di [[Gunung Baekdu]] dan pada hari itu cerah tanda pedoman ("Kwangmyongsong") muncul di langit.
Peluncuran Kwangmyŏngsng-3 Unit 2 adalah upaya Korea Utara keempat untuk mengorbit satelit, dan Korea Utara mengklaim bahwa dua dari peluncuran sebelumnya telah menempatkan muatannya ke orbit meskipun beberapa negara lain mengonfirmasi bahwa peluncuran tersebut gagal, dan tidak ada konfirmasi independen bahwa satelit berada di orbit. Upaya pertama terjadi pada Agustus 1998, dengan roket pembawa [[Baekdusan]] mencoba meluncurkan Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1; yang kedua terjadi pada bulan April 2009 dengan [[Kwangmyŏngsng-2]], dan yang ketiga pada bulan April 2012 dengan Kwangmyŏngsng-3 yang asli. Peluncuran April 2012 adalah satu-satunya yang diakui gagal oleh Korea Utara. Roket itu sebagian besar dibuat menggunakan suku cadang dan teknologi yang diproduksi di dalam negeri; kemampuan ini dipandang sebagai penyebab keprihatinan yang lebih besar atas kemampuan Korea Utara untuk mengembangkan teknologi rudal balistik meskipun ada sanksi.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2012/12/12/how-did-north-korea-fix-its-rocket-program-so-quickly/|title=How did North Korea fix its rocket program so quickly?|last=Fisher|first=Max|date=12 December 2012|work=The Washington Post|access-date=13 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/american-space-expert-says-satellite-launch-a-perfect-success-for-north-korea/2012/12/11/4237283e-4411-11e2-8c8f-fbebf7ccab4e_story.html|title=American space expert says satellite launch a 'perfect success for North Korea'|date=11 December 2012|work=The Washington Post|access-date=13 December 2012}}{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} </ref><ref>[http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/12/12/15866530-north-korean-satellite-tumbling-out-of-control-us-officials-say?lite North Korean satellite 'tumbling out of control'] – NBCNews.com, 12 December 2012.</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=North Korean satellite 'orbiting normally' after rocket launch|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/dec/13/north-korea-satellite-rocket-launch|newspaper=The Guardian|date=13 December 2012|location=London}}</ref>.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2012/12/18/astronomers-say-apparently-malfunctioning-north-korea-satellite-could-orbit/|title=Astronomers say apparently malfunctioning North Korea satellite could orbit Earth for years|publisher=AP Tokyo/Fox News|date=18 December 2012|access-date=23 January 2013 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htspace/20130131.aspx We Did It Ourselves] – Strategypage.com, 31 January 2013</ref>.<ref>{{cite web|title=North Korean TV Airs "New" Rocket Footage|url=http://www.nknews.org/2012/12/north-korean-tv-airs-new-rocket-footage/|publisher=NK News|access-date=23 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-20691021 |title=N Koreans speak of 'pride' over banned rocket launch |publisher=BBC |date=12 December 2012 |access-date=12 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=North Korea Rocket Launch: Celebrations in Pyonyang|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/12/12/north-korea-rocket-launch-celebrations_n_2283776.html|work=news article|publisher=Huffington Post, Associated Press|access-date=13 December 2012|date=12 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=North Korea celebrates rocket launch|url=http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/1720653/North-Korea-celebrates-rocket-launch|publisher=SBS News Australia|access-date=14 December 2012|archive-date=2013-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130419215832/http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/1720653/North-Korea-celebrates-rocket-launch|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
Peluncuran diumumkan pada tanggal 1 Desember 2012, ketika Kantor Berita Pusat Korea melaporkan bahwa Komite Teknologi Luar Angkasa Korea memberi tahu mereka bahwa mereka "[berencana] untuk meluncurkan satelit lain yang berfungsi, versi kedua Kwangmyŏngsng-3, diproduksi dengan upaya sendiri dan dengan teknologi sendiri, sesuai dengan perintah pemimpin Kim Jong-il," dengan waktu peluncuran prospektif 10-22 Desember 2012 diberikan. Zona splashdown peluncur dilaporkan ke [[Organisasi Maritim Internasional]], menunjukkan orbit kutub dimaksudkan. Pada 8 Desember 2012, KCNA melaporkan bahwa KCST menjawab "pertanyaan yang diajukan oleh KCNA, terkait peluncuran versi kedua satelit Kwangmyŏngsng-3" dan juga melaporkan bahwa periode peluncuran diperpanjang hingga 29 Desember 2012. Korea Utara mengklaim satelit itu akan memperkirakan hasil panen dan mengumpulkan data cuaca serta menilai tutupan hutan dan sumber daya alam negara itu. Negara tersebut juga mengklaim bahwa satelit tersebut memiliki berat sekitar 100 kg (220 lbs) dan masa pakai yang direncanakan adalah sekitar dua tahun.<ref>2012-12-12, [http://www.smh.com.au/opinion/political-news/gillard-slams-north-korea-rocket-launch-20121212-2b9gv.html Gillard slams North Korea rocket launch], The Sydney Morning Herald</ref><ref name="Itamaraty">{{cite web|url=http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/sala-de-imprensa/notas-a-imprensa/lancamento-de-foguete-pela-coreia-do-norte|title=Lançamento de Foguete pela Coreia do Norte|publisher=Ministry of External Relations of Brazil|date=12 December 2012|access-date=16 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130115051542/http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/sala-de-imprensa/notas-a-imprensa/lancamento-de-foguete-pela-coreia-do-norte|archive-date=15 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.bg/en/events/6/1/597/index.html|title=Concerning today's long-range missile launch by the DPRK|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria|date=12 December 2012|access-date=12 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Canada condemns North Korea's 'wilful defiance' after rocket launch|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/12/12/canada-condemns-north-koreas-wilful-defiance-after-rocket-launch/|work=National Post|date=12 December 2012|access-date=12 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=DPRK succeeds in satellite launch, draws protests|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2012-12/12/c_132036294.htm|agency=Xinhua News Agency|date=12 December 2012|access-date=12 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=COMUNICADO DE PRENSA SOBRE EL LANZAMIENTO DEL COHETE REALIZADO POR LA REPÚBLICA POPULAR DEMOCRÁTICA DE COREA (RPDC)|url=http://cancilleria.gov.co/news/news/node/4377|agency=Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Republica de Colombia|date=12 December 2012|access-date=15 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119220446/http://www.cancilleria.gov.co/news/news/node/4377|archive-date=19 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Hungary Condemns DPRK's Rocket Launch|url=http://www.kormany.hu/en/ministry-of-foreign-affairs/news/hungary-condemns-dprk-s-rocket-launch|agency=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Hungary|date=12 December 2012|access-date=15 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130218153432/http://www.kormany.hu/en/ministry-of-foreign-affairs/news/hungary-condemns-dprk-s-rocket-launch|archive-date=18 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=India joins in condemning North Korea's rocket launch|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/report/india-joins-in-condemning-north-korea-s-rocket-launch/20121212.htm|publisher=Rediff News|date=12 December 2012|access-date=12 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=N. Korea's launch sparks worries about nukes, Iran and the Pacific|url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/12/12/world/asia/north-korea-rocket-launch/index.html?hpt=hp_c1|publisher=CNN|date=12 December 2012|access-date=12 December 2012}}</ref><ref name="bbc.co.uk">{{cite news|title=North Korea rocket: International reaction|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-20690762|publisher=BBC|date=12 December 2012|access-date=12 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://globalnation.inquirer.net/59367/ph-condemns-north-koreas-rocket-launch-dfa | title=PH condemns North Korea's rocket launch—DFA |publisher= [[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]| date=12 December 2012 | access-date=15 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.mae.ro/en/node/17137 | title=MFA press release on launch by the DPRK of a satellite using ballistic missile technology | date=12 December 2012 | access-date=15 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Russia voices 'deep regret' over North Korea rocket launch|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-korea-north-russia-launch-idUSBRE8BB09N20121212|work=Reuters|date=12 December 2012|access-date=12 December 2012}}</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-korea-north-russia-launch-idUSBRE8BB09N20121212 "Russia voices "deep regret" over North Korea rocket launch"]</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=North Korean Missile Said to Have Military Purpose |author=Choe Sang-Hun |url=http://mobile.nytimes.com/2012/12/24/world/asia/north-korean-rocket-had-military-purpose-seoul-says.xml |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130216141851/http://mobile.nytimes.com/2012/12/24/world/asia/north-korean-rocket-had-military-purpose-seoul-says.xml |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 February 2013 |newspaper=The New York Times|date=24 December 2012 |access-date=15 January 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=北韓發射火箭 馬英九總統：不智！|url=http://www.nownews.com/2012/12/12/91-2881650.htm|access-date=12 December 2012|newspaper=NOW News|date=12 December 2012}}</ref><ref name="Guardian">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/dec/12/north-korea-rocket-launch-condemnation|title=North Korea rocket launch provokes widespread condemnation|work=The Guardian|first=Tania|last=Branigan|date=12 December 2012|access-date=12 December 2012|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/theoval/2012/12/12/obama-north-korea-missile-launch-tommy-vietor/1762927/|title=U.S. condemns North Korea missile launch|first=David|last=Jackson|work=USA Today|date=12 December 2012|access-date=12 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.gov.vn/Home/VN-raises-concern-over-DPRKs-coming-satellite-lauch/201212/16474.vgp |title=VGP News | VN raises concern over DPRK's coming satellite {{sic|lauch|hide=y}} |publisher=News.gov.vn |access-date=2012-12-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130402232947/http://news.gov.vn/Home/VN-raises-concern-over-DPRKs-coming-satellite-lauch/201212/16474.vgp |archive-date= 2 April 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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