Sejarah Ukraina: Perbedaan antara revisi

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== Zaman Prasejarah ==
Pemukiman di Ukraina oleh genus ''[[Homo (genus)|homo]]'' telah didokumentasikan hingga zaman prasejarah. Kerangka [[Neanderthal]] ditemukan pada situs arkeologi di Molodova dengan diperkirakan hidup pada 43.000-45.000 SM<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/8963177/Neanderthals-built-homes-with-mammoth-bones.html|title=Neanderthals built homes with mammoth bones|work=Telegraph.co.uk|first=Richard|last=Gray|date=December 18, 2011|access-date=2016-07-03|archive-date=2014-10-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008072707/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/8963177/Neanderthals-built-homes-with-mammoth-bones.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://archaeology.about.com/od/mterms/g/molodova.htm |title=Molodova I and V (Ukraine)] |access-date=2016-07-03 |archive-date=2013-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203005437/http://archaeology.about.com/od/mterms/g/molodova.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Pemukiman [[Peradaban Gravettia|Gravettia]] yang diperkirakan ada pada 32.000 SM telah digali dan dipelajari di situs gua Buran-Kaya di [[Pegunungan Krimea]].<ref name="orig">{{Cite news|url=http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0020834|title=The Oldest Anatomically Modern Humans from Far Southeast Europe: Direct Dating, Culture and Behavior|first1=Sandrine|last1=Prat|first2=Stéphane C.|last2=Péan|first3=Laurent|last3=Crépin|first4=Dorothée G.|last4=Drucker|first5=Simon J.|last5=Puaud|first6=Hélène|last6=Valladas|first7=Martina|last7=Lázničková-Galetová|first8=Johannes|last8=van der Plicht|first9=Alexander|last9=Yanevich|displayauthors=8|date=17 June 2011|publisher=plosone|accessdate=21 June 2011}}</ref><ref name="bbc">{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-13846262|title=Early human fossils unearthed in Ukraine|first=Jennifer|last=Carpenter|date=20 June 2011|publisher=[[BBC]]|accessdate=21 June 2011}}</ref>
[[Berkas:Yamna-en.svg|kiri|jmpl|Luas wilayah [[Peradaban Yamna]] di [[zaman tembaga]] pada 3000 SM]]
Pada akhir zaman [[Neolitikum]], [[peradaban Cucuteni-Trypillia]] berkembang dari 4500-3000 SM.<ref name="neolithic">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bank.gov.ua/ENGL/Macro/index.htm|title=Trypillian Civilization 5,508 – 2,750 BC|accessdate=2007-12-16|work=The Trypillia-USA-Project|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071021232506/http://bank.gov.ua/Engl/Macro/index.htm|archivedate=2007-10-21|dead-url=no}}</ref> Dan pada [[Zaman tembaga|Zaman Tembaga]], orang-orang dari [[peradaban Cucuteni-Trypillia]]n tinggal di bagian barat, dan [[peradaban Sredny Stog]] tinggal jauh di timur, dilanjutkan dengan [[peradaban Yamna]] ("[[Hipotesis Kurgan|Kurgan]]"), dan oleh [[peradaban Catacomb]] di awal [[Zaman Perunggu]].
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{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27360146|title=Ukraine rebels hold referendums in Donetsk and Luhansk|publisher=BBC News|date=11 May 2014|accessdate=11 May 2014}}</ref><ref name="Ukraine crisis timeline BBC"/> Kemudian pada bulan April 2014, pertempuran antara [[Angkatan Bersenjata Ukraina|tentara Ukraina]] dan [[Pasukan Pertahanan Wilayah (Ukraina)|pasukan relawan pro-Ukraina]] melawan pendukung Republik Rakyat Donetsk dan Lugansk, yang akhirnya tereskalasi menjadi [[Perang di Donbass]].<ref name="Ukraine crisis timeline BBC"/><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30414955 Ukraine underplays role of far right in conflict], [[BBC News]] (13 December 2014)</ref> Per Desember 2014 lebih dari 6,400 orang telah tewas dalam konflik ini dan menurut [[Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]] menyebabkan lebih dari setengah juta orang [[Pengungsi internal|mengungsi]] di dalam Ukraina dan dua ratus ribu pengungsi melarikan diri ke (sebagian besar) [[Rusia]] dan negara tetangga lain.<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30454746 Fergal Keane reports from Mariupol on Ukraine's 'frozen conflict'], [[BBC News]] (12 December 2014)</ref><ref>[http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=49533#.VI4Wv3vX4Yg Half a million displaced in eastern Ukraine as winter looms, warns UN refugee agency], [[Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa|United Nations]] (5 December 2014)</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-28656147 Ukraine conflict: Refugee numbers soar as war rages], [[BBC News]] (5 August 2014)</ref><ref>[http://www.rferl.mobi/a/ukraine-death-toll/27047512.html UN Says At Least 6,400 Killed In Ukraine's Conflict Since April 2014], [[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|RFE/RL]] (1 June 2015)</ref> Selama periode yang sama, reformasi politik (termasuk pemberlakuan [[Pembersihan Pegawai di Ukraina|peraturan pembersihan pegawai]] dan [[Dekomunisasi di Ukraina|peraturan dekomunisasi]]) dan ekonomi dimulai.<ref name="carnegie">{{Cite web|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/2015/08/19/ukraine-reform-monitor-august-2015/iewe|title=Ukraine Reform Monitor: August 2015|date=August 2015|publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|accessdate=22 December 2015}}</ref> Pada 25 Mei 2014, [[Petro Poroshenko]] terpilih sebagai presiden dalam putaran pertama pemilihan presiden.
 
Pada paruh kedua 2015, pengamat independen berpendapat bahwa reformasi di Ukraina melambat, [[Korupsi di Ukraina|korupsi]] tidak menurun, dan [[Ekonomi Ukraina|perekonomian Ukraina]] masih berada dalam krisis.<ref name="carnegie"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-11-06/unreformed-ukraine-is-self-destructing|title=Ukraine Is in Danger of Becoming a Failed State|last=Bershidsky|first=Leonid|date=6 November 2015|work=[[Bloomberg News]]|accessdate=8 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://foreignpolicy.com/2015/08/25/money-still-rules-ukraine-poroshenko-corruption/|title=Money Still Rules Ukraine|last=Kuzio|first=Taras|date=25 August 2015|work=[[Foreign Policy]]|accessdate=22 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://opendemocracy.net/od-russia/mikhail-minakov-maryna-stavniichuk/ukrainian-constitution-reform-or-crisis|title=Ukraine's constitution: reform or crisis?|last1=Minakov|first1=Mikhail|first2=Maryna|last2=Stavniichuk|date=16 February 2016|publisher=OpenDemocracy|accessdate=19 February 2016|archive-date=2016-02-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217091235/https://www.opendemocracy.net/od-russia/mikhail-minakov-maryna-stavniichuk/ukrainian-constitution-reform-or-crisis|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
 
Pada Desember 2015, lebih dari 9,100 orang telah meninggal (dengan sebagian besar korban merupakan warga sipil) pada Perang di Donbass; menurut perkiraan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/10/world/europe/ukraine-conflict-toll.html?_r=0 At Least 9,115 Killed in Ukraine Conflict, U.N. Says], [[The New York Times|New York Times]] (9 December 2015)<br>