Gempa Besar Kantō 1923: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
InternetArchiveBot (bicara | kontrib)
Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.2
Dwianto08 (bicara | kontrib)
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler
Baris 26:
|local-date = {{Start date|1923|9|1}}
|local-time = 11:58:32 [[Japan Standard Time|JST]] ([[UTC+09:00]])
|duration = 48 ddetik<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kobayashi|first=Reiji|last2=Koketsu|first2=Kazuki|year=2005|title=Source process of the 1923 Kanto earthquake inferred from historical geodetic, teleseismic, and strong motion data|journal=Earth, Planets and Space|volume=57|issue=4|pages=261|doi=10.1186/BF03352562|bibcode=2005EP&S...57..261K}}</ref> 4 m<ref>{{cite web|last=Panda|first=Rajaram|title=Japan Coping with a National Calamity|url=http://www.idsa.in/idsacomments/JapanCopingwithaNationalCalamity_rpanda_160311|publisher=Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA)|location=Delhi|accessdate=21 December 2011}}</ref>
|magnitude = 7,9<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kanamori|first=Hiroo|year=1977|title=The energy release in great earthquakes|journal=J. Geophys. Res.|volume=82|issue=20|pages= 2981–2987|doi=10.1029/JB082i020p02981|bibcode=1977JGR....82.2981K|url=https://authors.library.caltech.edu/51386/1/jgr13796.pdf}}</ref> 8,0<ref>{{cite web|last=Namegaya|first=Yuichi|last2=Satake|first2=Kenji|last3=Shishikura|first3=Masanobu|year=2011|title=Fault models of the 1703 Genroku and 1923 Taisho Kanto earthquakes inferred from coastal movements in the southern Kanto erea|url=https://www.gsj.jp/data/actfault-eq/h22seika/pdf/namegaya.pdf|accessdate=27 September 2015}}</ref> 8,2<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.bousai.go.jp/kaigirep/chuobou/senmon/shutochokkajishinmodel/pdf/dansoumodel_01.pdf |title=首都直下地震モデル検討会 }} 首都直下のM7クラスの地震及び相模トラフ沿いのM8クラスの地震等の震源断層モデルと震度分布・津波高等に関する報告書</ref> [[Moment magnitude scale|M<sub>w</sub>]]
|depth = {{Convert|23|km|mi|0|abbr=on}}
Baris 33:
|countries affected = Jepang
|damage =
|intensity = [[Skala Mercalli{{MMI|XI (''Ekstrim'')]]}}<br>{{JMA|7}}
|PGA = <!-- NN''[[Peak ground acceleration|g]]'' -->
|tsunami = Hingga {{Convert|12|m|ft|abbr=on}}<br />di [[Atami, Shizuoka|Atami]], [[Shizuoka Prefecture|Shizuoka]], [[Wilayah Tōkai|Tōkai]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Hatori|first=Tokutaro|title=Tsunami Behavior of the 1923 Kanto Earthquake at Atami and Hatsushima Island in Sagami Bay|url=http://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2261/12893|accessdate=27 September 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929224549/http://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2261/12893|archivedate=29 September 2015|df=}}</ref>
Baris 43:
{{nihongo|'''Gempa Besar Kantō'''|関東大地震|Kantō dai-jishin}} menerjang [[Dataran Kantō|Dataran Kanto]] di pulau utama Jepang [[Honshū|Honshu]] pada pukul 11.58.44 [[Waktu Standar Jepang|JST]] (02.58.44 [[Waktu Universal Terkoordinasi|UTC]]) pada hari Sabtu, 1 September 1923. Berbagai laporan menunjukkan durasi gempa itu antara empat hingga sepuluh menit.<ref>{{cite web|last=James |first=Charles |title=The 1923 Tokyo Earthquake and Fire |url=http://nisee.berkeley.edu/kanto/tokyo1923.pdf |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |accessdate=21 December 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070316050633/http://nisee.berkeley.edu/kanto/tokyo1923.pdf |archivedate=16 March 2007 |df= }}</ref>
 
Gempa bumi ini berkekuatan 7,9 [[Skala magnitudo momen|skala besaran momen]] ({{M|w}}),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/world/most_destructive.php |title=Most Destructive Earthquakes|publisher=U.S. Geological Survey |date= |accessdate=2013-02-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091102112417/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/world/most_destructive.php |archivedate=2009-11-02 |df= }}</ref> dengan [[Hiposentrum|fokusnya]] jauh di bawah [[Izu Ōshima|Pulau Izu Ōshima]] di [[Teluk Sagami]]. Penyebabnya adalah pecahnya bagian dari [[batas konvergen]] di mana [[Lempeng Filipina|Lempeng Laut Filipina]] melakukan [[subduksi]] di bawah [[Lempeng Okhotsk]] di sepanjang garis [[Palung Sagami]].<ref name="Bakun">{{cite journal|last=Bakun|first=W.H.|year=2005|title=Magnitude and location of historical earthquakes in Japan and implications for the 1855 Ansei Edo earthquake|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|volume=110|issue=B02304|doi=10.1029/2004JB003329|url=http://sicarius.wr.usgs.gov/tokyo/submitted/Bakun_JGR_revised8Nov2004.pdf|bibcode=2005JGRB..11002304B|access-date=2019-04-09|archive-date=2010-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528171629/http://sicarius.wr.usgs.gov/tokyo/submitted/Bakun_JGR_revised8Nov2004.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Gempa ini menimbulkan kerusakan massal pada wilayah Kanto: [[Tokyo]], kota pelabuhan [[Yokohama]], dan prefektur di sekitarnya: [[Prefektur Chiba]], [[Prefektur Kanagawa]], dan [[Prefektur Shizuoka]].
 
== Kekuatan gempa ==