Forum Negara-Negara Pengekspor Gas: Perbedaan antara revisi
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== Sejarah ==
GECF dibentuk tahun 2001 di [[Teheran]], [[Iran]]. Hingga tahun 2009 telah diadakan pertemuan setingkat menteri tujuh kali. Pertemuan terakhir berlangsung di [[Moskwa]] pada tanggal 23 Desember 2008, yang melahirkan piagam organisasi.<ref name =reuters2>{{cite news
|url = http://uk.reuters.com/article/businessIndustry/idUKTRE4BL3G020081223?sp=true
|title = Russia hosts new gas body, faces OPEC ire over oil
Baris 58 ⟶ 57:
|publisher = [[Reuters]]
|date = 2008-12-23
|accessdate = 2008-12-23
|archive-date = 2009-01-11
</ref><ref name =rbc>{{cite news▼
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090111043047/http://uk.reuters.com/article/businessIndustry/idUKTRE4BL3G020081223?sp=true
|dead-url = no
▲}}</ref><ref name =rbc>{{cite news
|url = http://top.rbc.ru/economics/23/12/2008/270661.shtml
|title = Страны-экспортеры газа создали свой вариант ОПЕК (''Natural gas exporting countries create their own OPEC'')
Baris 76 ⟶ 78:
Penciptaan Gas OPEC adalah salah satu topik KTT GECF pertama. Namun, beberapa anggota GECF khawatir ekspor gas akan dipolitisasi.<ref name="vor141111">{{cite news|last=Fedoruk|first=Vladimir|date=2011-11-14|title=A gas OPEC to dominate GECF summit in Doha, Russia not present|work=[[Voice of Russia]]|url=https://english.ruvr.ru/2011/11/14/60354788.html|url-status=dead|access-date=2011-11-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111116021610/http://english.ruvr.ru/2011/11/14/60354788.html|archive-date=2011-11-16}}</ref> GECF umumnya menahan diri untuk mengoordinasikan tingkat produksi.<ref>{{cite web|date=6 April 2020|title=Feature: Unfettered global natural gas market a sign of the times {{!}} Hellenic Shipping News Worldwide|url=https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/feature-unfettered-global-natural-gas-market-a-sign-of-the-times/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200409101939/https://www.hellenicshippingnews.com/feature-unfettered-global-natural-gas-market-a-sign-of-the-times/|archive-date=9 April 2020|website=www.hellenicshippingnews.com|quote=There is no history of coordinated action on production and the closest thing to a "Gas OPEC" — the Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF) — has repeatedly ruled out joint intervention in the market}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=2 April 2020|title=Feature: Unfettered global natural gas market a sign of the times {{!}} S&P Global Platts|url=https://www.spglobal.com/platts/en/market-insights/latest-news/natural-gas/040220-feature-unfettered-global-gas-market-a-sign-of-the-times|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412045743/https://www.spglobal.com/platts/en/market-insights/latest-news/natural-gas/040220-feature-unfettered-global-gas-market-a-sign-of-the-times|archive-date=12 April 2020|website=www.spglobal.com}}</ref>
Menurut Sekretaris Jenderal GECF Yuri Sentyurin, masalah pembentukan "OPEC gas" secara teratur diangkat pada pertemuan tingkat menteri. Namun tidak seperti pasar minyak, tidak ada pasar dan harga tunggal di pasar gas. Selain itu, forum tersebut awalnya disusun sebagai platform diskusi, oleh karena itu, tanpa mengubah Piagam, terlalu dini untuk membicarakan instrumen praktis dengan analogi dengan OPEC.<ref>{{cite web|title=OPEC : OPEC, GECF hold first high-level meeting|url=https://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/press_room/6209.htm|access-date=2021-03-11|website=www.opec.org|archive-date=2023-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415123123/https://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/press_room/6209.htm|dead-url=no}}</ref>
== Tujuan ==
Baris 109 ⟶ 111:
== Keanggotaan ==
Dalam pertemuan terakhir di Moskwa, anggota organisasi ini adalah [[Aljazair]], [[Bolivia]], [[Brunei]], [[Mesir]], [[Guinea Ekuatorial]], [[Indonesia]], [[Iran]], [[Libya]], [[Malaysia]], [[Nigeria]], [[Qatar]], [[Rusia]], [[Trinidad dan Tobago]], [[Uni Emirat Arab]], and [[Venezuela]]. [[Kazakhstan]] dan [[Norwegia]] berstatus pengamat.<ref name=xinhua>{{cite news
|url = http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-12/24/content_10552504.htm
|title = World gas producers approve charter for Doha-based forum
|publisher = Xinhua
|date = 2008-12-24
|accessdate = 2008-12-26
|archive-date = 2009-01-10
</ref><ref name=bbc1>▼
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090110212911/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-12/24/content_10552504.htm
|dead-url = no
▲}}</ref><ref name=bbc1>{{cite news
|title=Putin says 'cheap gas era' ending
|publisher
|date=2008-12-23
|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7796806.stm
|accessdate
|archive-date=2008-12-23
</ref><ref name=rferl2>▼
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081223233826/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7796806.stm
|dead-url=no
▲}}</ref><ref name=rferl2>{{cite news
|url = http://www.rferl.org/content/NaturalGas_Producers_Meeting_In_Moscow_To_Finalize_Forum/1362739.html
|title = Russia Says Gas Forum Will Not Be OPEC-Like Cartel
|publisher = RFE/RL
|date = 2008-12-23
|accessdate = 2008-12-23
|archive-date = 2009-01-14
</ref>▼
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090114094206/http://www.rferl.org/content/NaturalGas_Producers_Meeting_In_Moscow_To_Finalize_Forum/1362739.html
|dead-url = no
▲}}</ref>
Beberapa negara penghasil utama ([[Kanada]], [[Amerika Serikat]], dan beberapa anggota [[Uni Eropa]]) gas tidak menjadi anggota GECF.<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2180rank.html Rank Order - Natural gas - production] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921064904/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2180rank.html |date=2012-09-21 }}, CIA Factbook, 2007 estimates</ref>
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== Pranala luar ==
{{Commons}}
* [http://www.gecf.org/ GECF.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721132825/https://www.gecf.org/ |date=2023-07-21 }}
* [http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=171:gas-exporting-countries-forum-the-russian-iranian-gas-cartel&catid=90:energysecuritydecember08&Itemid=334 Gas Exporting Countries Forum: The Russian-Iranian Gas Cartel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111111014412/http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=171:gas-exporting-countries-forum-the-russian-iranian-gas-cartel&catid=90:energysecuritydecember08&Itemid=334 |date=2011-11-11 }}
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