Gelombang protes di Turki 2013: Perbedaan antara revisi

|[[Greens and the Left Party of the Future|Greens]] <ref>{{cite news|title=Everywhere is Gezi Park now.|url=http://www.yesilgazete.org/blog/2013/06/02/yesillersol-artik-her-yer-butun-yasam-alanlarimiz-gezi-parki%E2%80%99dir/|accessdate=3 Juni 2013|publisher=Yeşil gazete|date=2 Juni 2013|archive-date=2013-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205101357/http://www.yesilgazete.org/blog/2013/06/02/yesillersol-artik-her-yer-butun-yasam-alanlarimiz-gezi-parki%e2%80%99dir/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|[[Kurdish people|Kurds]]<ref name="Whoarethey">{{cite news|title=Who are the protestors?|url=http://blog.milliyet.com.tr/Gezi_Parki_eyleminin_analizi__Kimler_katilmakta__Hukumet_huzur_icin_acil_ne_yapmali_/Blog/?BlogNo=417406&RefNo=22|accessdate=2 Juni 2013|date=2 Juni 2013|archive-date=2015-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404032426/http://blog.milliyet.com.tr/Gezi_Parki_eyleminin_analizi__Kimler_katilmakta__Hukumet_huzur_icin_acil_ne_yapmali_/Blog/?BlogNo=417406&RefNo=22|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|[[Turkish Nationalism|Nationalists]]<ref name=TheAtlantic>{{cite news|title=How the Protests Will Impact Turkey at Home and Abroad|url=http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2013/06/how-the-protests-will-impact-turkey-at-home-and-abroad/276456/|accessdate=2 Juni 2013|magazine=[[The Atlantic]]|date=2 Juni 2013|archive-date=2021-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114015009/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2013/06/how-the-protests-will-impact-turkey-at-home-and-abroad/276456/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|[[Association football culture|Football supporter clubs]] of the four major teams<ref name=Hurriyetfootball>{{cite news|title=Supporter groups of Istanbul's three major teams join forces for Gezi Park|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/supporter-groups-of-istanbuls-three-major-teams-join-forces-for-gezi.aspx?NewsCatID=341&nID=48007&pageID=238|accessdate=2 June 2013|newspaper=[[Hürriyet Daily News]]|date=1 June 2013|archive-date=2014-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425161546/http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/supporter-groups-of-istanbuls-three-major-teams-join-forces-for-gezi.aspx?NewsCatID=341&nID=48007&pageID=238|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|[[Anonymous (group)|Anonymous]]<ref name="twitter">{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/YourAnonNews/status/341343661214269440|title=Twitter / YourAnonNews: Calls for general strike in|publisher=Twitter.com|date=|accessdate=2013-06-03|archive-date=2021-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210108001414/https://twitter.com/YourAnonNews/status/341343661214269440|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|howmany1 = Sedikitnya 60.000<ref name="Istanbulnumber2">{{cite news|title=Erdoğan'ın konuşması borsayı dalgalandırdı|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/turkce/haberler/2013/06/130603_borsa_dusus.shtml|accessdate=3 Juni 2013|date=3 Juni 2013|agency=[[BBC]]|archive-date=2013-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705130159/http://www.bbc.co.uk/turkce/haberler/2013/06/130603_borsa_dusus.shtml|dead-url=no}}</ref> (Istanbul)<br />

40,000 (Ankara)<ref name="Ankara">{{cite news|title=Burası da Ankara|url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/23416264.asp|accessdate=1 Juni 2013|date=1 Juni 2013|newspaper=[[Hürriyet Daily News]]|archive-date=2015-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006110612/http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/23416264.asp|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|30,000 (Bursa)<ref name="Muğla">{{cite news|url=http://yurthaber.mynet.com/detay/istanbul-haberleri/tum-yurtta-gezi-protestosu/901427|title=Tüm yurtta Gezi protestosu|newspaper=mynet yurt haber|date=2 Juni 2013|accessdate=2 Juni 2013|archive-date=2013-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130614030017/http://yurthaber.mynet.com/detay/istanbul-haberleri/tum-yurtta-gezi-protestosu/901427|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|15,000 (Bodrum)<ref name="Bodrum">{{cite news|url=http://www.haberler.com/bodrum-da-gezi-parki-eylemine-15-bin-kisi-katildi-4690484-haberi/|title=Bodrum"Da Gezi Parkı Eylemine 15 Bin Kişi Katıldı|newspaper=Haberler|date=2 Juni 2013|accessdate=2 Juni 2013|archive-date=2019-03-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328230945/https://www.haberler.com/bodrum-da-gezi-parki-eylemine-15-bin-kisi-katildi-4690484-haberi/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|15,000 (Antalya)<ref name="Antalya">{{cite news|url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/polisin_taksimden_cekilmesi_antalyada_da_kutlandi-1135895|title=Polisin Taksim'den çekilmesi Antalya'da da kutlandı|work=radikal|date=1 Juni 2013|accessdate=2 Juni 2013|archive-date=2013-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131010141044/http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/polisin_taksimden_cekilmesi_antalyada_da_kutlandi-1135895|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|10,000<ref name="Izmir 1">{{cite news|last=Sokollu|first=Senada|title=Solidarity with Istanbul protesters grows in Turkey and abroad|url=http://www.dw.de/solidarity-with-istanbul-protesters-grows-in-turkey-and-abroad/a-16853318|accessdate=1 Juni 2013|date=1 Juni 2013|publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]]|archive-date=2014-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140425063110/http://www.dw.de/solidarity-with-istanbul-protesters-grows-in-turkey-and-abroad/a-16853318|dead-url=no}}</ref> – 30,000<ref name="Izmir 2">{{cite news|title=İzmir'deki gösterilerde korkulan olmadı|url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/23417157.asp|accessdate=1 Juni 2013|date=1 Juni 2013|newspaper=[[Hürriyet Daily News]]|archive-date=2015-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006104723/http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/23417157.asp|dead-url=no}}</ref> (Izmir)

|10,000 (Trabzon)<ref name="Trabzon">{{cite news|url=http://www.sondakika.com/haber/haber-trabzon-rize-ve-artvin-de-gezi-parki-protestosu-3-4689966/|title=Trabzon, Rize ve Artvin'de 'Gezi Parkı' Protestosu|newspaper=Son Dakika|date=1 Juni 2013|accessdate=1 Juni 2013|archive-date=2021-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114015029/http://www.sondakika.com/haber/haber-trabzon-rize-ve-artvin-de-gezi-parki-protestosu-3-4689966/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|10,000 (Bolu)<ref name="Bolu">{{cite news|url=http://www.sondakika.com/haber/haber-bolu-da-10-bin-kisi-taksim-gezi-parki-icin-yurudu-4690214/|title=Bolu'da 10 Bin Kişi Taksim Gezi Parkı İçin Yürüdü|newspaper=Son Dakika|date=1 Juni 2013|accessdate=1 Juni 2013|archive-date=2021-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114015103/http://www.sondakika.com/haber/haber-bolu-da-10-bin-kisi-taksim-gezi-parki-icin-yurudu-4690214/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|10,000 (Izmit)<ref name="Izmit">{{cite news|url=http://www.haberler.com/izmit-te-yaklasik-10-bin-kisi-ak-parti-il-binasina-4690401-haberi/|title=İzmit'te Yaklaşık 10 Bin Kişi AK Parti İl Binasına Yürüyor|newspaper=Haberler|date=2 Juni 2013|accessdate=2 Juni 2013|archive-date=2021-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114015059/https://www.haberler.com/izmit-te-yaklasik-10-bin-kisi-ak-parti-il-binasina-4690401-haberi/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|7,000 (Isparta)<ref name="Isparta">{{tr icon}} {{cite news|title=Isparta Güne Biber Gazı İle Başladı|url=http://www.ajans32.com/isparta-gune-biber-gazi-ile-basladi-15772h.htm|accessdate=2 Juni 2013|newspaper=Ajans 32|date=1 Juni 2013|archive-date=2016-03-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316233746/http://www.ajans32.com/isparta-gune-biber-gazi-ile-basladi-15772h.htm|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|7,000 (Tekirdağ)<ref name="Tekirdağ">{{cite news|url=http://www.sondakika.com/haber/haber-protestolar-trakya-geneline-yayildi-4690508//|title=Protestolar Trakya Geneline Yayıldı|newspaper=Son Dakika|date=2 Juni 2013|accessdate=2 Juni 2013|archive-date=2016-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305182037/http://www.sondakika.com/haber/haber-protestolar-trakya-geneline-yayildi-4690508|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|5,000 (Çorum)<ref name="Çorum">{{cite news|url=http://www.objektifhaber.com/corumda-5-bin-kisi-yurudu-175989-haber|title=Çorum'da 5 bin kişi yürüdü|newspaper=objektifhaber|date=1 Juni 2013|accessdate=1 Juni 2013|archive-date=2013-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130622142855/http://www.objektifhaber.com/corumda-5-bin-kisi-yurudu-175989-haber/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

|fatalities = 2<ref>{{cite news|date=3 Juni 2013|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-22753418|title=Protests 'no Turkish Spring', says PM Erdogan|deadurl=no|accessdate=3 Juni 2013|archive-date=2013-06-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606233651/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-22753418}}</ref><ref name="SoL">{{cite news|url=http://haber.sol.org.tr/devlet-ve-siyaset/antakyada-bir-genc-polis-alnindan-vurularak-olduruldu-haberi-74086|newspaper=[[Sol (Turkish newspaper)|Sol]]|title=Antakya'da bir genç polis alnından vurularak öldürüldü!|date=4 Juni 2013, 00:07|accessdate=4 Juni 2013, 01:03|archive-date=2013-06-06|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6HAh2LoHF?url=http://haber.sol.org.tr/devlet-ve-siyaset/antakyada-polis-bir-genci-alnindan-vurarak-oldurdu-iddiasi-haberi-74086|dead-url=yes}}</ref>

|injuries = up to 3,195<ref>{{cite news|date=3 Juni 2013|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/06/03/world/europe/turkey-protests/index.html?hpt=hp_t1|title=Turkish protesters decry 'unprecedented violence'|deadurl=no|accessdate=3 Juni 2013|archive-date=2013-06-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604081708/http://edition.cnn.com/2013/06/03/world/europe/turkey-protests/index.html?hpt=hp_t1}}</ref> <br /> 79 (government figures)<ref>[http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/id/25446640 Güler: Müdahale etmeyeceğiz] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607114203/http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/id/25446640 |date=2013-06-07 }} (ntvmsnbc, 1 Juni 2013) "İçişleri Bakanı Güler, Gezi Parkı protestolarında ülke genelinde 939 gözaltı, 79 yaralı olduğunu söyledi. – Minister of Interior, Güler, stated that there are 939 arrests and 79 injuries in the Gezi Park demonstrations throughout the nation."</ref>

|arrests = Sedikitnya 1.700<ref>{{cite news|title=Sky News 1700 Arrested|url=http://news.sky.com/story/1098327/turkey-protests-rage-on-1700-arrested|newspaper=Sky News|access-date=2013-06-04|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304215225/http://news.sky.com/story/1098327/turkey-protests-rage-on-1700-arrested|dead-url=no}}</ref>

'''Gelombang protes di Turki 2013''', dijuluki oleh beberapa media Barat sebagai '''Musim Semi Turki''', telah berlangsung sejak 28 Mei.<ref name=Safak>{{cite news|last=Şafak|first=Elif|title=The view from Taksim Square: why is Turkey now in turmoil?|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/jun/03/taksim-square-istanbul-turkey-protest|accessdate=4 Juni 2013|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|date=3 Juni 2013|authorlink=Elif Şafak|archive-date=2013-06-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616064117/http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/jun/03/taksim-square-istanbul-turkey-protest|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>* {{cite news|title=Is this the Turkish Spring? The view from the euronews Istanbul correspondent|url=http://www.euronews.com/2013/06/03/is-this-the-turkish-spring-the-view-from-the-euronews-istanbul-correspondent-/|accessdate=4 Juni 2013|date=3 Juni 2013|agency=[[Euronews]]|archive-date=2021-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114015153/https://www.euronews.com/2013/06/03/is-this-the-turkish-spring-the-view-from-the-euronews-istanbul-correspondent-|dead-url=yes}}

* {{cite news|last=Legge|first=James|title=It's Twitter, not the 'Turkish Spring': Turkish PM Recep Tayyip Erdogan blames 'extremists' after fourth day of protests|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/its-twitter-not-the-turkish-spring-turkish-pm-recep-tayyip-erdogan-blames--extremists-after-fourth-day-of-protests-8641777.html|accessdate=4 Juni 2013|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=3 Juni 2013|archive-date=2013-07-01|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130701001318/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/its-twitter-not-the-turkish-spring-turkish-pm-recep-tayyip-erdogan-blames--extremists-after-fourth-day-of-protests-8641777.html|dead-url=no}}

* {{cite news|last=Nielsen|first=Nikolaj|title='Turkish Spring' tests Erdogan's rule|url=http://euobserver.com/foreign/120345|accessdate=4 Juni 2013|date=4 Juni 2013|agency=[[EUobserver]]|archive-date=2021-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201055124/https://euobserver.com/foreign/120345|dead-url=no}}</ref> Protes ini bermula dari unjuk rasa yang dipimpin oleh sekitar 50 orang aktivis lingkungan<ref name=Hurriyet69648>{{cite web |url=http://fotogaleri.hurriyet.com.tr/galeridetay.aspx?cid=69648&rid=2&p=3 |title=Taksim'le baţladý yurdun dört yanýna yayýldý / 3 – Foto Haber Galeri |work=Hürriyet Daily News |accessdate=2013-06-02 |archive-date=2014-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006085559/http://fotogaleri.hurriyet.com.tr/galeridetay.aspx?cid=69648&rid=2&p=3 |dead-url=no }}</ref> di [[Istanbul]] menentang rencana pemerintah mengalihfungsikan [[Taman Taksim Gezi]] di [[Taksim Square]] menjadi replika [[Barak Militer Taksim]] (dibongkar pada tahun 1940) dan area komersial.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/23419723.asp |title="TAKSİM'E CAMİ DE YAPACAĞIZ" Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Hurriyet,02.06.2013 |publisher=Hurriyet.com.tr |date= |accessdate=2013-06-03 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924120234/http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/23419723.asp |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://yenisafak.com.tr/politika-haber/erdogan-acikladi-taksime-cami-yapilacak-02.06.2013-528953 |title=Erdoğan açıkladı: Taksim'e cami yapılacak! - Yenisafak.tr, 02.06.2013 |publisher=Yenisafak.com.tr |date=2013-05-30 |accessdate=2013-06-03 |archive-date=2014-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103221104/http://yenisafak.com.tr/politika-haber/erdogan-acikladi-taksime-cami-yapilacak-02.06.2013-528953 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Unjuk rasa ini berkembang menjadi aksi protes terhadap pemerintah setelah polisi membubarkan para demonstran yang menduduki taman dengan menembakkan gas air mata dan semprotan air.<ref name="AlJ1">{{cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2013/06/20136162539347599.html|title=Fresh anti-government clashes hit Turkey|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=1 Juni 2013|accessdate=1 Juni 2013|archive-date=2019-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190117211315/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2013/06/20136162539347599.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> Aksi protes membesar sejak 31 Mei, dan merambet ke kota-kota lain di Turki dan beberapa negara Arab dengan jumlah masyarakat Turki yang signifikan.<ref name=ajarrests/> Pada 3 Juni serikat buruh di Turki menyerukan aksi mogok selama dua hari: 4–5 Juni, karena pasukan pemerintah dianggap terlalu brutal menyikapi demonstran.

Para pengunjuk rasa turun ke Taksim Square di Istanbul dan jalan-jalan di [[Ankara]],<ref name=euroankara/> [[Bursa]], [[Antalya]], [[Eskişehir]], [[İzmir]], [[Edirne]], [[Mersin]], [[Adana]], [[İzmit]], [[Konya]], [[Kayseri]], [[Samsun]], [[Antakya]],<ref name="across">{{cite news|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/solidarity-protests-with-gezi-park-held-across-turkey.aspx?pageID=238&nID=48010&NewsCatID=341|title= Solidarity protests with Gezi Park held across Turkey|newspaper=[[Hürriyet Daily News]]|date=31 Mei 2013|access-date=2013-06-04|archive-date=2017-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020021506/http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/solidarity-protests-with-gezi-park-held-across-turkey.aspx?pageID=238&nID=48010&NewsCatID=341|dead-url=no}}</ref> [[Trabzon]], [[Rize]], [[Isparta]],<ref name="Isparta"/> [[Tekirdağ]], [[Bodrum]],<ref name=guardian/> dan [[Mardin]].<ref name="mardin">{{cite news|url=http://www.timeturk.com/tr/2013/06/01/mardin-film-festivali-nde-gezi-parki-tepkisi.html|title=Mardin Film Festivali'nde Gezi Parkı tepkisi|newspaper=[[Timeturk]]|date=1 Juni 2013|access-date=2013-06-04|archive-date=2013-06-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611070327/http://www.timeturk.com/tr/2013/06/01/mardin-film-festivali-nde-gezi-parki-tepkisi.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Kelompok-kelompok HAM dan para dokter mengatakan, lebih dari seribu orang terluka dalam bentrokan di Istanbul, dan 700 orang di Ankara. Perkiraan terbaru pemerintah pada hari Minggu menyebutkan angka 58 warga sipil dan 115 pasukan keamanan terluka, sementara bentrokan masih terjadi di 67 kota.

Pada tanggal 31 Mei 2013, polisi memukul mundur para demonstran dengan gas air mata dan semprotan air.<ref name="ajarrests">{{cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2013/05/2013531112443894367.html|title= Turkey arrests anti-government protesters|publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]|date=31 Mei 2013|accessdate=1 Juni 2013|archive-date=2019-11-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130141111/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2013/05/2013531112443894367.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Tattersall|first=Nick|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/06/01/us-turkey-protests-idUSBRE94U0J920130601|title=Turkish PM calls for immediate end to protests as clashes flare|agency=Reuters|date=1 Juni 2013|accessdate=1 Juni 2013|archive-date=2015-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924181755/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/06/01/us-turkey-protests-idUSBRE94U0J920130601|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Tindakan polisi atas protes ini, yang dinilai terlalu berlebihan, mendapat perhatian luas di dunia maya.<ref name="AlJ-stream">{{cite news|url=http://stream.aljazeera.com/story/201305302148-0022796|title=Protesters #OccupyGezi to save Istanbul park|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=31 Mei 2013|accessdate=1 Juni 2013|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130615050923/http://stream.aljazeera.com/story/201305302148-0022796|archivedate=2013-06-15|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/fotogaleri/turkiye/unluler_gezi_parki_ile_ilgili_twitterda_neler_soyledi-1135724-5|title=Ünlüler Gezi Parkı ile ilgili Twitter'da neler söyledi?|newspaper=[[Radikal]]|date=31 Mei 2013|accessdate=1 Juni 2013|archive-date=2015-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924131831/http://www.radikal.com.tr/fotogaleri/turkiye/unluler_gezi_parki_ile_ilgili_twitterda_neler_soyledi-1135724-5|dead-url=no}}</ref> Ribuan demonstran berkumpul di Istiklal Street pada malam tanggal 31 Mei. Menteri Dalam Negeri Turki Muammer Guler mengatakan lebih dari 1.700 orang telah ditangkap selama aksi unjuk rasa di 67 kota.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/police-withdraw-from-taksim-after-violent-crackdown-as-protesters-remain-defiant-on-5th-day.aspx?pageID=238&nID=48009&NewsCatID=341 |title=LOCAL – Police withdraw from Taksim after violent crackdown as protesters remain defiant on 5th day |work=Hürriyet Daily News |accessdate=2013-06-02 |archive-date=2017-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020022109/http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/police-withdraw-from-taksim-after-violent-crackdown-as-protesters-remain-defiant-on-5th-day.aspx?pageID=238&nID=48009&NewsCatID=341 |dead-url=no }}</ref>

* [http://revoltinturkey.tumblr.com Related pictures and videos from all over Turkey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531234236/https://revoltinturkey.tumblr.com/ |date=2020-05-31 }}