George Charpy: Perbedaan antara revisi

Nama lengkap George Charpy adalah Augustin Georges Albert Charpy. Ia dilahirkan pada tanggal 1 September 1965 di Oullins, [[Rhône]], [[Prancis]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Chaudron|first=Georges|title=Charpy, Augustin Georges Albert|url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/charpy-augustin-georges-albert|website=Encyclopedia.com|language=EN|quote=Charpy, Augustin Georges Albert (b. Oullins, Rhône, France, 1 September 1865;|access-date=2023-06-20|archive-date=2023-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620080409/https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/charpy-augustin-georges-albert|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Uji impak Charpy mulai dikembangkan pada abad ke-19 Masehi.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Pirvu, C., dkk.|date=November 2020|title=Numerical and Experimental Results on Charpy Tests for Blends Polypropylene + Polyamide + Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (PP+PA+EDPM)|url=https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202011.0328/v1|journal=Materials|volume=13|issue=5837|at=1. Introduction|doi=10.20944/preprints202011.0328.v1|quote=Charpy tests have been characterized materials for impact resistance till the XIX century [1-5], but relevance had been initiated by Charpy [6] the test keeping his name till nowadays.|access-date=2023-06-20|archive-date=2023-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620080410/https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202011.0328/v1|dead-url=no}}</ref> Konsep dasarnya dikembangkan oleh Samuel Bridgman Russell pada tahun 1898 dan Augustin Georges Albert Charpy pada tahun 1901. George Charpy mengadakan pengujian tertulis dengan menggunakan [[Bandul|pendulum]] untuk mengetahui jumlah energi yang terserap selama fraktur. Kontribusinya yang besar secara teknis membuat penamaan pengujian impak hanya dikreditkan ke George Charpy dan tidak dengan Samuel Bridgman Russell.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Evolution of the Charpy V-Notch Test|url=https://atrona.com/charpy-impact-test-history.html|website=ATRONA Test Labs, Inc|language=EN|quote=The impact-pendulum test method and associated equipment in nearly its current form was first developed more than a century ago. And while the basic concept behind this testing method is generally credited to two different engineers, S. B. Russell (1898) and G. Charpy in (1901); the test is now known by only the latter's name. The reason for this is due in large part to Georges Augustin Albert Charpy's technical contributions in the first half of the 20th century. These efforts included writing testing procedures in the use of a pendulum to apply an impact force to a specimen and measure the amount of energy absorbed during its fracture.|access-date=2023-06-20|archive-date=2023-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620080408/https://atrona.com/charpy-impact-test-history.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> Meskipun uji impak Charpy dikembangkan pada abad ke-19 Masehi, uji impak Charpy masih digunakan hingga abad ke-21.<ref name=":0" /> Pemakaian uji impak Charpy umumnya lebih umum diterapkan di Amerika Serikat.{{Sfn|Zainul|2021|p=48}}

George Charpy mengembangkan uji impak yang mampu mengukur jumlah energi yang diserap oleh lekukan hasil tumbukan pada spesimen yang patah. Uji impak Charpy utamanya digunakan pada bahan [[logam]]. Namun uji impak Charpy juga dapat digunakan pada bahan lain seperti [[material komposit]], keramik dan polimer. Manfaat dari uji impak Charpy adalah diketahuinya ketangguhan dari suatu material.{{Sfn|Sani|2019|p=16}}  Pengukuran energi dihitung melalui perbedaan tinggi awal pendulum dengan tinggi akhirnya setelah mengalami tumbukan dengan spesimen.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Shackelford|first=James F.|date=2015|url=https://industri.fatek.unpatti.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/060-Introduction-to-Materials-Science-for-Engineers-James-F.-Shackelford-Edisi-8-2015.pdf|title=Introduction to Materials Science for Engineers|location=Davis, California|publisher=Pearson|isbn=978-0-13-382665-4|pages=228|language=EN|quote=The test principle is straightforward. The energy necessary to frac- ture the test piece is directly calculated from the difference in initial and final heights of the swinging pendulum.|url-status=live|access-date=2023-06-20|archive-date=2023-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601111452/https://industri.fatek.unpatti.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/060-Introduction-to-Materials-Science-for-Engineers-James-F.-Shackelford-Edisi-8-2015.pdf|dead-url=no}}</ref>

* {{Cite book|last=Sani|first=Ridwan Abdullah|date=Mei 2019|url=https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Karakterisasi_Material/ooM_EAAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1&printsec=frontcover|title=Karakterisasi Material|location=Jakarta|publisher=Bumi Aksara|isbn=978-602-444-553-9|editor-last=Hastuti|editor-first=Sri Budi|ref={{sfnref|Sani|2019}}|url-status=live|access-date=2023-06-20|archive-date=2023-07-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731144350/https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Karakterisasi_Material/ooM_EAAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1&printsec=frontcover|dead-url=no}}

* {{Cite book|last=Zainul|first=Rahadian|date=2021|url=http://repository.unp.ac.id/31115/1/7_Rahadian_Zainul_Ok_Cover_Teknik_Karakterisasi_KF_OK_Kompress.pdf|title=Teknik Karakterisasi Kimia Fisika|location=Padang|publisher=Penerbit Berkah Prima|isbn=978-602-5994-76-0|editor-last=Oktavia, B., dan Mahury, M. F.|ref={{sfnref|Zainul|2021}}|url-status=live|access-date=2023-06-20|archive-date=2023-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230620080408/http://repository.unp.ac.id/31115/1/7_Rahadian_Zainul_Ok_Cover_Teknik_Karakterisasi_KF_OK_Kompress.pdf|dead-url=no}}