Yordania: Perbedaan antara revisi
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[[Orang Arab]] merupakan mayoritas dengan jumlah 95% dari populasi. Orang Arab Yordania adalah keturunan dari keluarga dan klan yang tinggal di kota besar dan kecil di [[Transyordania (wilayah)|Transyordania]] sebelum perang tahun 1948, terutama di kegubernuran Jerash, Ajlun, Balqa, Irbid, Madaba, Al Karak, Aqaba, Amman dan beberapa kota lain di negara itu, atau dari keluarga [[Orang Palestina|Palestina]] yang mencari perlindungan di Yordania pada waktu yang berbeda di abad ke-20, sebagian besar selama dan setelah perang tahun 1948 dan 1967. Banyak orang Kristen adalah keturunan penduduk asli terutama di kota-kota seperti Fuhies, Madaba, Al Karak, Ajlun, atau memiliki asal [[Suku Badui (Arab)|Badui]], dan jumlah yang signifikan datang pada tahun 1948 dan 1967 terutama dari Yerusalem, [[Jaffa]], [[Lod|Lydda]], [[Betlehem|Bethlehem]], dan kota-kota Palestina dan Israel lainnya.<ref name="CIA factbook"/>
[[Druze|Orang Druze]] diyakini merupakan sekitar 0,5% dari total populasi Yordania, yaitu sekitar 32.000.<ref>{{Citation | publisher = [[US State Department]] | url = https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2005/51602.htm | title = International Religious Freedom Report | year = 2005}}</ref> Druze, yang menyebut diri mereka sebagai ''al-Muwahhideen'', atau "penganut satu Tuhan", terkonsentrasi di pedesaan, daerah pegunungan di barat dan utara Amman. Meskipun keyakinan awalnya berkembang dari [[Ismailiyah|Islam Ismaili]], kebanyakan Druze tidak mengidentifikasi diri sebagai [[Muslim]],{{efn|Sumber:<ref>{{cite book|title=America & Islam: Soundbites, Suicide Bombs and the Road to Donald Trump|first=Lawrence|last= Pintak|year= 2019| isbn= 9781788315593| page =86|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Templar Spirit: The Esoteric Inspiration, Rituals and Beliefs of the Knights Templar|first=Margaret|last= Jonas|year= 2011| isbn= 9781906999254| page =83|publisher=Temple Lodge Publishing|quote=[Druze] often they are not regarded as being Muslim at all, nor do all the Druze consider themselves as Muslim}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Are the Druze People Arabs or Muslims? Deciphering Who They Are |url=https://www.arabamerica.com/are-the-druze-people-arabs-or-muslims-deciphering-who-they-are/ |website=Arab America |publisher=Arab America |access-date=13 April 2020 |language=en |date=8 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Middle East Today: Political, Geographical and Cultural Perspectives| first=Dona|last= J. Stewart|year=2008| isbn=9781135980795| page = 33|publisher=Routledge|quote= Most Druze do not consider themselves Muslim. Historically they faced much persecution and keep their religious beliefs secrets.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Oxford Handbook of American Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780199862634_s2g7| first=Yvonne |last=Yazbeck Haddad|year=2014| isbn=9780199862634| page = [https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780199862634_s2g7/page/142 142]|publisher=Oxford University Press|quote=While they appear parallel to those of normative Islam, in the Druze religion they are different in meaning and interpretation. The religion is consider distinct from the Ismaili as well as from other Muslims belief and practice... Most Druze consider themselves fully assimilated in American society and do not necessarily identify as Muslims..}}</ref>}} dan mereka tidak menerima [[Rukun Islam|lima rukun Islam]].<ref>{{cite book|title= The Political Role of Minority Groups in the Middle East|first=Ronald|last= De McLaurin|year= 1979| isbn= 9780030525964| page =114 |publisher=Michigan University Press|quote= Theologically, one would have to conclude that the Druze are not Muslims. They do not accept the five pillars of Islam. In place of these principles the Druze have instituted the seven precepts noted above..}}</ref>
Ada juga [[Afro Yordania|Afro-Yordania]] yakni orang Yordania keturunan Afrika. Mereka berjumlah kurang dari 60.000<ref>http://www.africanviews.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=105 Jordan</ref> dan sebagian besar terkonsentrasi di bagian Barat Daya Yordania.<ref>http://www.africanviews.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=105 Jordan</ref> Kemudian ada sekitar 5.000 orang [[Armenia Yordania|Armenia]] yang tinggal di negara tersebut pada tahun 2009.<ref name="looklex">{{cite web|url=http://i-cias.com/e.o/jordan_4.htm|title=Jordan: Religions & Peoples<!-- Bot generated title -->|website=i-cias.com|access-date=2011-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222220121/http://i-cias.com/e.o/jordan_4.htm|archive-date=2017-12-22|url-status=live}}</ref> Minoritas lainnya ialah orang [[Asiria Yordania|Asiria]] (10.000-15.000),<ref>{{cite web |title= Jordan: Assyrian Policy Institute|url=https://www.assyrianpolicy.org/jordan}}</ref>{{efn|Namun, orang Asiria Yordania sebagian besar bersifat sementara karena mereka adalah pengungsi.<ref>{{cite web |title= Jordan: Assyrian Policy Institute|url=https://www.assyrianpolicy.org/jordan}}</ref>}} orang [[Sirkasia Yordania|Sirkasia]] (100.000–170.000){{efn|Sumber:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Circassians in Jordan|url=https://www.integrationresearch.net/circassians-in-jordan.html|access-date=2020-06-27|website=ImmiSoft – Integration Research Institute|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=McNeil|first=Sam|title=Jordan royals' Circassian guards a symbol of thriving minority|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/jordan-royals-circassian-guards-a-symbol-of-thriving-minority/|access-date=2020-06-27|website=www.timesofisrael.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://izrus.co.il/dvuhstoronka/article/2009-04-10/4250.html |title=Израйльский сайт ИзРус |access-date=8 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030205448/http://izrus.co.il/dvuhstoronka/article/2009-04-10/4250.html |archive-date=30 October 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Zhemukhov|first1=Sufian|title=Circassian World Responses to the New Challenges|journal=PONARS Eurasia Policy Memo No. 54|date=2008|page=2|url=http://www.ponarseurasia.org/sites/default/files/policy-memos-pdf/pepm_054.pdf|access-date=8 May 2016}}</ref>}} serta orang [[Chechnya Yordania|Chechnya]] (12.000–30.000).<ref>{{cite web |title=Jordan willing to assist Chechnya - King |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/russian-federation/jordan-willing-assist-chechnya-king}}</ref>
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* Salibi, Kamal S. ''The Modern History of Jordan'' (1998)
* {{cite book|ref=none|last=Ashton|first=Nigel|title=King Hussein of Jordan: A Political Life|url=https://archive.org/details/kinghusseinofjor00asht|publisher=Yale University Press|date=2008}} [https://www.amazon.com/King-Hussein-Jordan-Political-Life-ebook/dp/B001IDZMA6/ref=sr_1_1?Adv-Srch-Books-Submit.x=0&Adv-Srch-Books-Submit.y=0&qid=1585749018&refinements=p_28%3AKing+Hussein+of+Jordan%3A+A+Political+Life&s=books&sr=1-1&unfiltered=1 excerpt] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308203913/https://www.amazon.com/King-Hussein-Jordan-Political-Life-ebook/dp/B001IDZMA6/ref=sr_1_1?Adv-Srch-Books-Submit.x=0&Adv-Srch-Books-Submit.y=0&qid=1585749018&refinements=p_28%3AKing+Hussein+of+Jordan%3A+A+Political+Life&s=books&sr=1-1&unfiltered=1 |date=8 March 2021 }}
* {{cite book|ref=none |last1=El-Anis |first1=Imad H. |title=Jordan and the United States : the political economy of trade and economic reform in the Middle East |date=2011 |publisher=Tauris Academic Studies (diedarkan oleh Palgrave Macmillan; 2011) |location=London |isbn=9781848854710}} Studi kasus perdagangan pakaian, obat-obatan, dan jasa keuangan.
* Goichon, Amélie-Marie. ''Jordanie réelle''. Paris: Desclée de Brouwer (1967–1972). 2 vol., ill.
* {{cite book|ref=none |last1=Robins |first1=Philip |title=A history of Jordan |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofjordan0000robi |date=2004 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |isbn=9780521598958}}
* {{cite book|ref=none |last1=Ryan |first1=Curtis R. |title=Jordan in transition : from Hussein to Abdullah |date=2002 |publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers |location=Boulder, CO |isbn=9781588261038}}
* {{cite book|ref=none |last1=Teller |first1=Matthew |title=The Rough Guide to Jordan |date=1998 |publisher=Rough Guides |location=London}} Edisi ke-4 2009.
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