Pengguna:Rizhmd21/Draf: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

Excessive doses of methylphenidate, above the therapeutic range, can interfere with working memory and [[cognitive control]].<ref name="Malenka_2009" /><ref name="Continuum" /> Like amphetamine and [[bupropion]], methylphenidate increases stamina and [[endurance]] in humans primarily through [[reuptake inhibition]] of dopamine in the central nervous system.<ref name="Roelands_2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Roelands B, de Koning J, Foster C, Hettinga F, Meeusen R | title = Neurophysiological determinants of theoretical concepts and mechanisms involved in pacing | journal = Sports Med. | volume = 43 | issue = 5 | pages = 301–311 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23456493 | doi = 10.1007/s40279-013-0030-4 }}</ref> Similar to the loss of cognitive enhancement when using large amounts, large doses of methylphenidate can induce [[side effects]] that impair athletic performance, such as [[rhabdomyolysis]] and [[hyperthermia]].<ref name="FDA Daytrana 2015" /> While literature suggests it might improve cognition, most authors agree that using the drug recreationally as a study aid when ADHD diagnosis is not present does not actually improve [[Grading in education|GPA]].<ref name="Abelman 68"/> Moreover, it has been suggested that students who use the drug for studying may be self-medicating for potentially deeper underlying issues.<ref name="Abelman 68"/>

 

== Contraindications ==