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Baris 141: === Diagnosis banding === Gangguan bipolar diklasifikasikan oleh [[ICD\|International Classification of Diseases]] sebagai [[Penyakit\|gangguan]] [[Gangguan jiwa\|mental]] dan [[Abnormalitas\|perilaku]].<ref>{{Cite web\|title=ICD-10 Version:2019\|url=https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/V\|website=icd.who.int\|access-date=2022-03-16\|archive-date=2020-03-31\|archive-url=https://archive.phtoday/20200331004754/https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en%23/U07.1#/V\|dead-url=no}}</ref> Gangguan mental lain dengan gejala yang mirip dengan yang terlihat pada gangguan bipolar termasuk [[skizofrenia]], gangguan depresi mayor,<ref name="Baldessarini2013">{{Cite journal\|date=May 2013\|title=Antidepressant-associated mood-switching and transition from unipolar major depression to bipolar disorder: a review\|url=https://www.behaviorismandmentalhealth.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Baldessarini_JAD_2013_TEM-1.pdf\|journal=J Affect Disord\|volume=148\|issue=1\|pages=129–135\|doi=10.1016/j.jad.2012.10.033\|pmid=23219059\|vauthors=Baldessarini RJ, Faedda GL, Offidani E, Vázquez GH, Marangoni C, Serra G, Tondo L\|access-date=2022-03-17\|archive-date=2022-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221202071640/https://www.behaviorismandmentalhealth.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Baldessarini_JAD_2013_TEM-1.pdf\|dead-url=no}}</ref> ADHD, dan gangguan kepribadian tertentu, seperti [[gangguan kepribadian ambang]].<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Salvi\|first=Virginio\|last2=Ribuoli\|first2=Enrico\|last3=Servasi\|first3=Michele\|last4=Orsolini\|first4=Laura\|last5=Volpe\|first5=Umberto\|date=2021-05-10\|title=ADHD and Bipolar Disorder in Adulthood: Clinical and Treatment Implications\|url=https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/5/466\|journal=Medicina\|language=en\|volume=57\|issue=5\|pages=466\|doi=10.3390/medicina57050466\|issn=1648-9144\|pmc=\|pmid=\|access-date=2022-03-17\|archive-date=2023-03-22\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322221927/https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/5/466\|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Magill2004">{{Cite journal\|last=Magill CA\|year=2004\|title=The boundary between borderline personality disorder and bipolar disorder: Current concepts and challenges\|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry\|volume=49\|issue=8\|pages=551–556\|doi=10.1177/070674370404900806\|pmid=15453104}}</ref><ref name="Bassett2012">{{Cite journal\|last=Bassett D\|year=2012\|title=Borderline personality disorder and bipolar affective disorder. Spectra or spectre? A review\|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224052525_Borderline_personality_disorder_and_bipolar_affective_disorder_Spectra_or_spectre_A_review\|journal=Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry\|volume=46\|issue=4\|pages=327–339\|doi=10.1177/0004867411435289\|pmid=22508593\|access-date=2022-03-17\|archive-date=2022-06-24\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220624173634/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224052525_Borderline_personality_disorder_and_bipolar_affective_disorder_Spectra_or_spectre_A_review\|dead-url=no}}</ref> Meskipun tidak ada tes biologis yang mendiagnosis gangguan bipolar,<ref name=":2" /> tes darah dan/atau pencitraan dilakukan untuk menyelidiki apakah ada penyakit dengan presentasi klinis yang mirip dengan gangguan bipolar sebelum membuat diagnosis pasti. Penyakit neurologis seperti [[sklerosis multipel]], kejang parsial kompleks, [[strok]], tumor otak, [[Penyakit wilson\|penyakit Wilson]], cedera otak traumatis, [[penyakit Huntington]], dan [[migrain]] dapat meniru fitur gangguan bipolar.<ref name="Price2012">{{Cite journal\|last=Price\|first=Amy L.\|last2=Marzani-Nissen\|first2=Gabrielle R.\|date=2012-03-01\|title=Bipolar disorders: a review\|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22534227\|journal=American Family Physician\|volume=85\|issue=5\|pages=483–493\|issn=1532-0650\|pmid=22534227\|access-date=2022-03-16\|archive-date=2023-05-26\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526174456/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22534227/\|dead-url=no}}</ref> [[Elektroensefalografi\|EEG]] dapat digunakan untuk menyingkirkan dugaan [[Gangguan neurologis\|kelainan neurologis]] seperti [[epilepsi]]. Sedangkan [[Tomografi terkomputasi\|CT scan]] atau [[Pencitraan resonansi magnetik\|MRI]] kepala dapat digunakan untuk menyingkirkan dugaan lesi otak.<ref name="Price2012" /> Selain itu, [[hipotiroidisme]], [[hipertiroidisme]], dan penyakit Cushing juga [[penyakit jaringan ikat]], [[lupus eritematosus sistemik]] merupakan penyakit yang berbeda dari bipolar. Infeksi tertentu juga dapat menimbulkan mania yang mungkin tampak mirip dengan mania bipolar termasuk [[Ensefalitis herpes\|herpes ensefalitis]], [[HIV]], [[influenza]], atau [[neurosifilis]].<ref name="Price2012" /> Kekurangan vitamin tertentu seperti [[Pelagra\|pellagra]] (kekurangan [[niasin]]), kekurangan vitamin B12, kekurangan folat, dan sindrom Wernicke Korsakoff ([[Defisiensi tiamin\|kekurangan tiamin]]) juga dapat menyebabkan mania.<ref name="Price2012" /> Obat umum yang dapat menyebabkan gejala manik termasuk antidepresan, [[prednison]], obat [[penyakit Parkinson]], [[Levotiroksin\|hormon tiroid]], stimulan (termasuk [[kokain]] dan metamfetamin), dan [[antibiotik]] tertentu.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Brooks\|first=John O.\|last2=Hoblyn\|first2=Jennifer C.\|date=2005-11\|title=Secondary Mania in Older Adults\|url=http://psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.11.2033\|journal=American Journal of Psychiatry\|language=en\|volume=162\|issue=11\|pages=2033–2038\|doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.162.11.2033\|issn=0002-953X\|access-date=2022-03-17\|archive-date=2023-07-28\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728163827/https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.11.2033\|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Ljubic\|first=Nemanja\|last2=Ueberberg\|first2=Bianca\|last3=Grunze\|first3=Heinz\|last4=Assion\|first4=Hans-Jörg\|date=2021-12\|title=Treatment of bipolar disorders in older adults: a review\|url=https://annals-general-psychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12991-021-00367-x\|journal=Annals of General Psychiatry\|language=en\|volume=20\|issue=1\|pages=45\|doi=10.1186/s12991-021-00367-x\|issn=1744-859X\|pmc=\|pmid=\|access-date=2022-03-17\|archive-date=2023-06-22\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230622122839/https://annals-general-psychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12991-021-00367-x\|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Gangguan bipolar: Perbedaan antara revisi