Harold Macmillan: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| namehonorific-prefix = [[The EarlRight of StocktonHonourable]]
| name = Earl Stockton
| honorific-suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|OM|PC|FRS}}
| image = Harold Macmillan.jpg
| image = [[Berkas:JFKWHP-ST-A22-1-61.tif|jmpl|400px|Macmillan dan [[John F. Kennedy]] pada pertemuan tahun 1961]]
| caption = Potret resmi, 1959
| order = [[Perdana Menteri Britania Raya]]
| alt = Harold Macmillan in December 1959
| orderoffice = [[Perdana Menteri Britania Raya]]
| term_start = 10 Januari 1957
| term_end = 18 Oktober 1963
| monarch = [[Elizabeth II]]
| deputy1blankname = [[Rab Butler]] = {{nowrap|(1962–1963)Sekretaris Pertama}}
| 1namedata = [[Rab Butler]] {{nowrap|(1962–1963)}}
| predecessor = [[Anthony Eden|Sir Anthony Eden]]
| successor = [[Alec Douglas-Home|The Earl of Home]]
| order1office1 = [[PemimpinKetua Partai Konservatif (Britania Raya)|Ketua Partai Konservatif]]
| term_start1 = 10 Januari 1957
| term_end1 = 18 Oktober 1963
| predecessor1 = [[Anthony Eden|Sir Anthony Eden]]
| successor1 = [[Alec Douglas-Home|The Earl of Home]]
| module = {{collapsedCollapsed infobox section begin |Ministeriallast=yes|Jabatan officesMenteri
|titlestyle = border:1px dashed lightgrey;}}{{Infobox officeholder |embed=yes
|office2 = [[Menteri Keuangan]]
|embed = yes
|order2 = [[Daftar Menteri Keuangan Britania Raya|Menteri Keuangan Britania Raya]]
|term_start2 = 20 Desember 1955
|term_end2 = 13 Januari 1957
|primeminister2 = [[Anthony Eden|Sir Anthony Eden]]
|predecessor2 = [[Rab Butler]]
|successor2 = [[Peter Thorneycroft]]
|order3office3 = [[Menteri Negara untuk Urusan Luar Negeri dan Persemakmuran]]
|term_start3 = 7 April 1955
|term_end3 = 20 Desember 1955
|primeminister3 = [[Anthony Eden
|Sirpredecessor3 = Anthony Eden]]
|predecessor3 = Sir Anthony Eden
|successor3 = [[Selwyn Lloyd]]
|office4 = [[Menteri Pertahanan]]
|order4 = [[Kementerian Pertahanan (Britania Raya)|Sekretaris Kementerian Pertahanan (Britania Raya)]]
|term_start4 = 19 Oktober 1954
|term_end4 = 7 April 1955
|primeminister4 = [[Winston Churchill|Sir Winston Churchill]]
|predecessor4 = [[Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis|The Earl Alexander of Tunis]]
|successor4 = [[Selwyn Lloyd]]
|order5office5 = [[:en:Ministry of Housing and Local Government|Menteri Perumahan Dandan Pemerintahan Daerah]]
|term_start5 = 30 Oktober 1951
|term_end5 = 19 Oktober 1954
|primeminister5 = [[Winston Churchill|Sir Winston Churchill]]
|predecessor5 = [[Hugh Dalton]]
|successor5 = [[Duncan Sandys]]
|order6office6 = [[:en:SecretaryMenteri of State for Air|Sekretaris Negara BagianUrusan Udara]]
|term_start6 = 25 Mei 1945
|term_end6 = 26 Juli 1945
|primeminister6 = [[Winston Churchill]]
|predecessor6 = [[Archibald Sinclair, 1st Viscount Thurso|Sir Archibald Sinclair]]
|successor6 = [[William Wedgwood Benn, 1st Viscount Stansgate|The Viscount Stansgate]]
|order7office7 = [[:en:ResidentResiden (titlegelar) Minister Resident|Menteri KependudukanResiden]] di Afrika Barat Laut
|term_start7 = 30 Desember 1942
|term_end7 = 25 Mei 1945
|primeminister7 = [[Winston Churchill]]
|predecessor7 = BaruJabatan dibentukbaru
|successor7 = [[Harold Balfour, 1st Baron Balfour of Inchrye|Harold Balfour]]
|order8 = [[Sekretaris Negara untuk Koloni]]
|term_start8 = 4 Februari 1942
|term_end8 = 30 Desember 1942
|primeminister8 = Winston Churchill
|predecessor8 = [[George Hall, 1st Viscount Hall|George Hall]]
|successor8 = [[Edward Cavendish, 10th Duke of Devonshire|The Duke of Devonshire]]
|office9 = [[Sekretaris Parlemen]] untuk [[Menteri Persediaan]]
|term_start9 = 15 Mei 1940
|term_end9 = 4 Februari 1942
|primeminister9 = Winston Churchill
|predecessor9 = [[John Llewellin, 1st Baron Llewellin|John Llewellin]]
|successor9 = [[Wyndham Portal, 1st Viscount Portal|The Viscount Portal]]{{Collapsed infobox section end}} }}
{{Collapsed infobox section begin |cont=yes |Jabatan parlemen
|titlestyle=border:1px dashed lightgrey;}}{{Infobox officeholder |embed=yes
|office10 = [[Anggota House of Lords]]
|status10 = [[Lords Temporal|Lord Temporal]]
|term_label10 = [[Kepala herediter]]
|term_start10 = 24 Februari 1984
|term_end10 = 29 Desember 1986
|successor10 = [[Alexander Macmillan, 2nd Earl of Stockton|The 2nd Earl of Stockton]]
|office11 = [[Anggota Parlemen]]<br />untuk [[Bromley]]
|term_start11 = 14 November 1945
|term_end11 = 25 September 1964
|predecessor11 = [[Sir Edward Campbell, 1st Baronet|Edward Campbell]]
|successor11 = [[John Hunt (British politician, born 1929)|John Hunt]]
|office12 = [[Anggota Parlemen]]<br />untuk [[Stockton-on-Tees]]
|term_start12 = 27 Oktober 1931
|term_end12 = 15 Juni 1945
|predecessor12 = [[Frederick Fox Riley]]
|successor12 = [[George Chetwynd]]
|term_start13 = 29 Oktober 1924
|term_end13 = 10 Mei 1929
|predecessor13 = [[Robert Strother Stewart]]
|successor13 = Frederick Fox Riley{{Collapsed infobox section end}} }}
{{Collapsed infobox section begin |cont=yes |last=yes |Academic offices
|titlestyle=border:1px dashed lightgrey;}}{{Infobox officeholder |embed=yes
|order14 = [[Konselor Universitas Oxford]]
|term_start14 = 3 Maret 1960
|term_end14 = 18 Desember 1986
|predecessor14 = [[E. F. L. Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax|Edward Wood]]
|successor14 = [[Roy Jenkins]]{{Collapsed infobox section end}} }}
|birth_name = Maurice Harold Macmillan
|birth_date = {{birth date|1894|2|10|df=y}}
|birth_place = [[Belgravia|Belgravia, London]], {{Flag|Britania Raya}}Inggris
|death_date = {{death date and age|1986|12|29|1894|2|10|df=y}}
|death_place = [[Chelwood Gate|Chelwood Gate]], East Sussex]], {{Flag|Britania Raya}}Inggris
|resting_place = [[:en:St Giles' Church, Horsted Keynes|Gereja St Giles]], HorstedWest Keynes]]Sussex, {{Flag|Britania Raya}}Inggris
|party = [[Partai Konservatif (Britania Raya)|Partai Konservatif]]
|alma_mater = [[:en:Balliol College, Oxford|Universitas Balliol, Oxford]]
|occupation = {{hlist|[[Macmillan Publishers|Penerbit]]|politikus}}
|spouse = {{marriage|[[Lady Dorothy Macmillan|Lady Dorothy Cavendish]]|21 April 1920|21 Mei 1966|reason=wafat}}
[[Politikus]]}}
|spousechildren = {{marriage|4, termasuk [[:en:Lady DorothyMaurice Macmillan|Lady Dorothy MacmillanMaurice]]|21 Aprildan 1920|21[[Lady MayCaroline 1966Faber|reason=died}}Caroline]]
|signature = Harold Macmillan signature.svg
|children = 4, including [[:en:Maurice Macmillan|Maurice Macmillan]] dan [[:en:Lady Caroline Faber|Lady Caroline Faber]]
|signature =
|awards = {{ubl
|[[Order of Merit]] (1976)
|[[Peerage]] (1984)}}
|allegiance = {{flagu|Britania<!--United Raya}}Kingdom-->
|branch = {{army|United[[Angkatan Kingdom}}Darat Britania Raya]]
|unit = [[Grenadier Guards]]
|serviceyears = 1914–1920
|rank = [[Kapten (Angkatan Laut Britania Raya)|Kapten]]
|battles = {{tree list}}
* [[Perang Dunia PertamaI]]
**[[Pertempuran Loos]]
**[[Pertempuran Somme]]
{{tree list end}}
|mawards = {{ubl
|[[Victory Medal (United Kingdom)|Victory Medal]]
|[[British War Medal]]}}
}}
 
}}
'''Harold Mac Millan''' atau '''Maurice Harrold Mac Millan''' ({{lahirmati||10 Februari |02|1894 - ||28 Desember |12|1986}}) adalah seorang [[negarawan]] dan [[politisi]] Inggris.<ref name="ensiklopedi">{{cite book|title=Ensiklopedia Indonesia, Jilid 7 (edisi khusus)|author=Ichtiar Baru Van Hoeve; Hassan Shadily|publisher=Jakarta: PT Ichtiar Baru van Hoeve}}</ref><ref name="br"/> Ia menjadi anggota Majelis Rendah dari [[Partai Konservatif]].<ref name="ensiklopedi"/> Sejak tahun 1942 ia menjabat sebagai menteri.<ref name="ensiklopedi"/> Pada akhir perang di Eropa, ia menjadi sekretaris negara di bawah pemerintahan [[Winston Churchill]].<ref name="br">{{cite web|title=Harold Macmillan|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/355161/Harold-Macmillan|accessdate=25 Juni 2014|archive-date=2015-05-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518195646/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/355161/Harold-Macmillan|dead-url=no}}</ref> Lalu, pada 10 Januari 1957 ia menggantikan [[Anthony Eden]] sebagai [[perdana menteri]] (1957-1963) dan beberapa minggu kemudian ia juga terpilih menjadi ketua Partai Konservatif.<ref name="ensiklopedi"/> Mac Millan merupakan orang yang bertanggung jawab untuk membangun kembali kebijakan luar negeri Inggris dan memperbaiki hubungan dengan Anglo Amerika melalui Presiden [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] dan [[John F. Kennedy]].<ref name="gov"/> Melalui pidatonya pada tahun 1960, ia menjauhkan dirinya dan negaranya dari [[apartheid]] serta mempercepat proses [[dekolonisasi]].<ref name="gov"/> Mac Millan mengakui bahwa masa depan Inggris dipengaruhi oleh Eropa.<ref name="gov"/> Akan tetapi, rencananya untuk masuk ke Masyarakat Ekonomi Eropa pada Januari 1963 ditolak oleh Presiden Prancis [[Charles de Gaulle]].<ref name="gov">{{cite web|title=Past Prime Ministers|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/history/past-prime-ministers/harold-macmillan|accessdate=25 Juni 2014|archive-date=2014-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140805071733/https://www.gov.uk/government/history/past-prime-ministers/harold-macmillan|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
== Referensi ==