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Dari tahun 1923 hingga 1924 Parker menjabat sebagai asisten khusus Jaksa Agung Amerika Serikat . Dia ditugaskan untuk mengadili mantan pejabat Administrasi Wilson atas dugaan penipuan yang terkait dengan demobilisasi Perang Dunia I. Upayanya tidak menghasilkan dakwaan hukuman. Meskipun demikian, ia memberikan kesan yang baik terhadap rekan-rekan Departemen Kehakiman, termasuk Jaksa Agung dan calon Hakim Agung Harlan F. Stone . [3]
Layanan peradilan federal
Parker received a recess appointment from President Calvin Coolidge on October 3, 1925, to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit vacated by Judge Charles Albert Woods.[1] He was nominated to the same position by President Coolidge on December 8, 1925. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on December 14, 1925, and received his commission the same day. He was a member of the Conference of Senior Circuit Judges (now the Judicial Conference of the United States) from 1931 to 1948, and was a member of the Judicial Conference of the
Unsuccessful Supreme Court nomination
Parker's Supreme Court nomination
On March 21, 1930, Parker was nominated by President Herbert Hoover as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court[4] to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Edward Terry Sanford.[2] His confirmation was opposed by the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)[5] during confirmation hearings before the Senate Judiciary Committee. AFL president William Green[6] specifically faulted Parker for a 1926 Fourth Circuit Court decision which he authored regarding the United Mine Workers, involving antitrust law and yellow-dog contracts.[2] The NAACP joined the opposition in response to remarks Parker had made while a candidate for governor in 1920 about the participation of African Americans in the political process:
NAACP Acting Secretary Walter Francis White sent Parker a telegram asking Parker if he had been quoted correctly, and if he still held such views; Parker never replied. In response, the NAACP initiated a grassroots campaign against the nomination and White testified before the Judiciary Committee.[6] On April 21, 1930, the committee voted 10–6 to forward the nomination to the full Senate with an adverse recommendation.[4] Anticipating a close vote, White sent a telegram to Vice President Charles Curtis imploring him, if the vote ended in a tie, to cast his tie-breaking vote against confirmation.[7] On May 7, 1930, the Senate rejected Parker's nomination by a 39–41 roll call vote.[8] This was the first Supreme Court nomination rejected by the Senate since that of Wheeler Hazard Peckham in 1894.[4] Two days later, President Hoover nominated Owen Roberts to fill the vacancy; Roberts was swiftly confirmed on May 20, 1930.[4][5]
Parker (left) with two French judges during the Nuremberg Trials
From 1945 to 1946, Parker served as an alternate judge on the International Allied Military Tribunal at Nuremberg, Germany.[9] In 1954, he was elected to serve on the United Nations' International Law Commission.[10]
Parker died on in Washington, D.C., on March 17, 1958, while still in active judicial service. He was buried in Elmwood Cemetery in Charlotte, North Carolina.[1]
Legacy
Thrker Award is presented annually by the North Carolina Bar Association.
ghts Movement. New York: The New Press. p. 139. ISBN 978-1-59558-446-5.
"NAACP: A Century in the Fight for Freedom – The Great Depression". Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. Retrieved March 31, 2022.
* {{FJC Bio}}
* {{Find a Grave |31621267}}
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