Tymfaia: Perbedaan antara revisi

Karena fakta bahwa [[toponimi]] Yunani yang melestarikan fitur kuno banyak ditemukan di wilayah yang lebih luas, diduga penutur [[bahasa Proto-Helenik]] bermukim di daerah yang termasuk Tymfaia sebelum migrasi [[Zaman Perunggu|Zaman Perunggu akhir]] (akhir milenium ke-3 hingga awal milenium ke-2 SM) selama beberapa abad atau bahkan ribuan tahun sebelumnya.<ref>{{harvnb|Georgiev|1973|p=247: "The region north of this line, which comprises Epirus as far as Aulon, in the north (including Paravaia, Tymphaea, Athamania, Dolopia, Amphilochia and Acarnania), western and northern Thessaly (Hestiaeotis, Perrhaebia, Tripolis) and Pieria, i.e. approximately the whole of northern and north-western Greece, is characterized by the following features. 1. Absence of pre-Hellenic place-names. [...] All the principal names north of the line are of archaic Greek origin. [...] Thus in the region defined just above, roughly northern and northwestern Greece. [...] Since Greek place-names are very dense in that region and they have a very archaic appearance, one may suppose that the proto-Greeks were settled in it during many centuries and even millennia."}}</ref> Tymfaia dan penduduk berbahasa Helenik, Tymfaioi, dinamai dari Gunung Tymfe.<ref>{{harvnb|Hammond|1993|loc=[p. 141] "We see here the origins of the Tymphaioi (named after Mt. Tymphe) Orestai, Lynkestai and Pelagones, who practiced this way of life and were each a cluster of tribes."; [p. 143] "...&nbsp;the "Tymphaioi" were so named from the mountain Tymphe."}}</ref> Pada sekitar tahun 350 SM, Tymfaia ditaklukan oleh [[Filipus II dari Makedonia|Filipos II]] (m. 359–336 SM) dan dicaplok ke dalam [[Makedonia (kerajaan kuno)|Kerajaan Makedon]] sebagai bagian dari [[Makedonia Hulu]].<ref name=Hammond1994>{{harvnb|Hammond|1994|p=206: "When Philip annexed Elimea, Orestis, and Lyncus and territory up to Lake Lychnitis, reorganized the administration, and planted towns such as Heraclea Lyncestis, he was in a position to recruit and train infantry from these areas, ready for service perhaps by 352 B.C.; and similarly from Tymphaea, annexed probably in 350 B.C., infantry ready for service by 345 B.C."}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Hatzopoulos|1996|p=249: "Finally, the fourth ''meris'' gathered the Upper Macedonian ''ethne'' (Lynkestai, Tymphaioi, Atintanes), to which Pelagonia (presumably with Derriopos), in other words the western part of the former ''strategia'' of Paionia, was added."}}</ref> Penduduk asli Tymfaia yang paling terkenal adalah [[Poliperkones]], seorang bupati di bawah kekuasaan [[Aleksander Agung|Aleksander III]] (m. 336–323 SM). Dia adalah putra Simmias, yang merupakan penguasa Tymfaioi pada sekitar tahun 370 SM.<ref>{{harvnb|Pleket|Stroud|Strubbe|1994|loc=p. 124: "Polyperchon, one of Alexander's generals and later regent (319 B.C.), son of Simmias who ruled the Tymphaioi ca. 370 B.C."}}</ref>