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[[Berkas:M leprae ziehl nielsen2.jpg|jmpl|ka|''Mycobacterium leprae''.]]
[[Berkas:Multidrug therapy (MDT) for the treatment of leprosy.jpg|jmpl|ka|Paket terapi multiobat.]]
''Mycobacterium leprae'' adalah penyebab dari kusta.<ref name=Sherris>{{cite book|author = Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors)|title = Sherris Medical Microbiology|url = https://archive.org/details/sherrismedicalmi0000unse_q1i3|edition = 4th ed.|pages = [https://archive.org/details/sherrismedicalmi0000unse_q1i3/page/451 451]-3|publisher = McGraw Hill|year = 2004|isbn = 0838585299}}</ref> Sebuah bakteri yang [[tahan asam]] ''M. leprae'' juga merupakan bakteri [[aerobik]], [[gram positif]], berbentuk batang, dan dikelilingi oleh [[membran sel]] lilin yang merupakan ciri dari spesies ''[[Mycobacterium]]''.<ref name=Baron>{{cite book|author = McMurray DN|title = Mycobacteria and Nocardia. ''in:'' Baron's Medical Microbiology ''(Baron S ''et al'', eds.)|edition = 4th ed.|publisher = Univ of Texas Medical Branch|year = 1996|url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mmed.section.1833|isbn = 0-9631172-1-1 }}</ref> ''M. leprae'' belum dapat dikultur pada [[laboratorium]].<ref name=Bhattacharya_2002>{{cite journal |author=Bhattacharya S, Vijayalakshmi N, Parija SC |title=Uncultivable bacteria: Implications and recent trends towards identification |journal=Indian journal of medical microbiology |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=174-7 |year=2002 |pmid=17657065 |url=http://www.ijmm.org/article.asp?issn=0255-0857;year=2002;volume=20;issue=4;spage=174;epage=177;aulast=Bhattacharya |access-date=2007-11-03 |archive-date=2007-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204030/http://www.ijmm.org/article.asp?issn=0255-0857%3Byear%3D2002%3Bvolume%3D20%3Bissue%3D4%3Bspage%3D174%3Bepage%3D177%3Baulast%3DBhattacharya |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
== Patofisiologi ==
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