Mongolia: Perbedaan antara revisi

== Politik ==

{{utama|Politik Mongolia}}

 

Mongolia adalah [[republik]] [[Demokrasi perwakilan|demokratis perwakilan]] [[Sistem semipresidensial|semi-presidensial]] dengan [[Presiden Mongolia|Presiden]] yang dipilih langsung.<ref name="Draft">{{Cite journal |last=Shugart |first=Matthew Søberg |author-link=Matthew Søberg Shugart |date=September 2005 |title=Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority Patterns |url=http://dss.ucsd.edu/~mshugart/semi-presidentialism.pdf |journal=Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080819200307/http://dss.ucsd.edu/~mshugart/semi-presidentialism.pdf |archive-date=August 19, 2008 |access-date=21 February 2016}}</ref><ref name="Dual">{{Cite journal |last=Shugart |first=Matthew Søberg |author-link=Matthew Søberg Shugart |date=December 2005 |title=Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns |url=http://www.palgrave-journals.com/fp/journal/v3/n3/pdf/8200087a.pdf |url-status=live |journal=French Politics |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=323–351 |doi=10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053112/http://www.palgrave-journals.com/fp/journal/v3/n3/pdf/8200087a.pdf |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=21 February 2016 |quote=Even if the president has no discretion in the forming of cabinets or the right to dissolve parliament, his or her constitutional authority can be regarded as 'quite considerable' in Duverger's sense if cabinet legislation approved in parliament can be blocked by the people's elected agent. Such powers are especially relevant if an extraordinary majority is required to override a veto, as in '''Mongolia''', Poland, and Senegal. |s2cid=73642272 |df=mdy-all|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="IDEA">{{Cite web |last=Odonkhuu |first=Munkhsaikhan |author-link=<!-- Munkhsaikhan Odonkhuu --> |date=12 February 2016 |title=Mongolia: A Vain Constitutional Attempt to Consolidate Parliamentary Democracy |url=http://www.constitutionnet.org/news/mongolia-vain-constitutional-attempt-consolidate-parliamentary-democracy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225144740/http://www.constitutionnet.org/news/mongolia-vain-constitutional-attempt-consolidate-parliamentary-democracy |archive-date=February 25, 2016 |access-date=21 February 2016 |website=ConstitutionNet |publisher=[[International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance|International IDEA]] |quote=Mongolia is sometimes described as a semi-presidential system because, while the prime minister and cabinet are collectively responsible to the SGKh, the president is popularly elected, and his/her powers are much broader than the conventional powers of heads of state in parliamentary systems. |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Orang-orang juga memilih para deputi di majelis nasional, [[Khural Agung Negara]]. Presiden menunjuk [[Perdana Menteri Mongolia|perdana menteri]], dan mencalonkan kabinet atas usul perdana menteri. [[Konstitusi Mongolia]] menjamin sejumlah kebebasan, termasuk [[Kebebasan berbicara|kebebasan penuh berekspresi]] dan [[Kebebasan beragama|beragama]]. Mongolia mengamandemen konstitusinya paling akhir pada tahun 2019 dengan mengalihkan sebagian kekuasaan dari presiden ke perdana menteri.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adiya |first=Amar |date=2022-06-30 |title=Mongolia Looks Into New Parliamentary System |url=https://www.mongoliaweekly.org/post/mongolia-looks-into-new-parliamentary-system |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=Mongolia Weekly |language=en |archive-date=25 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325212159/https://www.mongoliaweekly.org/post/mongolia-looks-into-new-parliamentary-system |url-status=live }}</ref>