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Baris 1: {{Infobox weapon \| name = Norwegian (atau National) Advanced Surface -to -Air Missile System \| image = ~~[[Berkas:NASAMS 1, Bodø, 2005~~Hun-nasams3.jpg~~\|300px\|]]~~ \| image_size = ~~288~~270 \| caption = ~~Peluncur~~Nampak radar, peluncur, dan rudal dari sistem NASAMS \| origin = [[Amerika Serikat]]/[[Norwegia]] \| type = Sistem [[peluru kendali darat ke udara\|rudal darat ke udara]] <!-- Type selection --> \| is_ranged = yes Baris 15: \| is_UK = yes <!-- Service history --> \| service = ~~1998–Sekarang~~1997–sekarang \| used_by = [[#~~Operator~~Pengguna\|~~Lihat~~Simak ''~~Operator~~Pengguna'']] \| wars = [[Perang Rusia-Ukraina]] ~~<!-- Production history -->~~ \| designer = [[Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace]] \| manufacturer = [[Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace]] dan [[Raytheon Missile Systems\|Raytheon Missiles & Defense]]▼ ~~\| design_date =~~ ▲\| manufacturer = Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace dan [[Raytheon]] ~~\| unit_cost =~~ ~~\| production_date =~~ ~~\| number =~~ \| variants = <!-- General specifications --> \| spec_label = ~~\| weight =~~ ~~\| length =~~ ~~\| part_length =~~ ~~\| width =~~ ~~\| height =~~ ~~\| diameter =~~ \| crew = 2 ~~<!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->~~ ~~\| cartridge =~~ ~~\| caliber =~~ \| barrels = \| range =~~Jarak~~Jangkauan ~~jangkau~~rudal: ~~12 peluncur untuk setiap baterai~~30 km (NASAMS 2) ~~adalah~~/ ~~30 km~~AMRAAM)<ref>{{cite web \|url= https://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htada/20200306.aspx \|title=Air Defense: India Gets Integrated\|website=strategypage.com\|date=2020-03-06\|access-date=2021-01-29}}</ref> ~~dan untuk~~50 km (NASAMS 3 / AMRAAM-ER) ~~adalah 50 km.~~<ref name="AIM-120 AMRAAM-Extended Range">{{cite web \|title=AIM-120 AMRAAM-Extended Range \|url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/munitions/aim-120-er.htm \|publisher=[[GlobalSecurity.org]]}}</ref><ref name="army-technology.com">[http://www.army-technology.com/projects/surface-launched/ Surface-Launched AMRAAM (SL-AMRAAM / CLAWS), United States of America] – Army Technology.com</ref><br />▼ ~~\| action =~~ Jangkauan ~~deteksi~~ radar =: 120  km (NASAMS 2 / MPQ-64F1)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.kongsberg.com/kda/what-we-do/defence-and-security/integrated-air-and-missile-defence/nasams-air-defence-system/raytheon-mpq64f1-sentinel-radar/\|title=Raytheon MPQ-64F1 Improved Sentinel Radar – NASAMS\|website=Kongsberg Defence and Aerospace\|access-date=October 17, 2022}}</ref>▼ ~~\| rate =~~ ~~\| velocity =~~ ▲\| range =Jarak jangkau 12 peluncur untuk setiap baterai (NASAMS 2) adalah 30 km<ref>{{cite web \|url= https://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htada/20200306.aspx \|title=Air Defense: India Gets Integrated\|website=strategypage.com\|date=2020-03-06\|access-date=2021-01-29}}</ref> dan untuk (NASAMS 3 / AMRAAM-ER) adalah 50 km.<ref name="AIM-120 AMRAAM-Extended Range">{{cite web \|title=AIM-120 AMRAAM-Extended Range \|url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/munitions/aim-120-er.htm \|publisher=[[GlobalSecurity.org]]}}</ref><ref name="army-technology.com">[http://www.army-technology.com/projects/surface-launched/ Surface-Launched AMRAAM (SL-AMRAAM / CLAWS), United States of America] – Army Technology.com</ref> ▲Jangkauan deteksi radar = 120 km<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.kongsberg.com/kda/what-we-do/defence-and-security/integrated-air-and-missile-defence/nasams-air-defence-system/raytheon-mpq64f1-sentinel-radar/\|title=Raytheon MPQ-64F1 Improved Sentinel Radar – NASAMS\|website=Kongsberg Defence and Aerospace\|access-date=October 17, 2022}}</ref> ~~\| max_range =~~ ~~\| feed =~~ \| sights = <!-- Artillery specifications --> ~~\| breech =~~ ~~\| recoil =~~ ~~\| carriage =~~ ~~\| elevation =~~ \| traverse = <!-- Bladed weapon specifications --> ~~\| blade_type =~~ ~~\| hilt_type =~~ ~~\| sheath_type =~~ ~~\| head_type =~~ \| haft_type = <!-- Explosive specifications --> Baris 66 ⟶ 40: \| yield = <!-- Vehicle/missile specifications --> ~~\| armour =~~ ~~\| primary_armament =~~ ~~\| secondary_armament =~~ ~~\| engine =~~ ~~\| engine_power =~~ ~~\| pw_ratio =~~ \| transmission = \| payload_capacity = ~~\| suspension =~~ \| clearance = \| fuel_capacity = ~~\| vehicle_range =~~ ~~\| speed =~~ ~~\| guidance =~~ \| steering = <!-- Missiles only --> ~~\| wingspan =~~ \| propellant = \| ~~ceiling~~ altitude =21 km (NASAMS 2) ~~\| altitude =21~~ 35.7 km (NASAMS 23 / AMRAAM-ER) ~~35.7 km (NASAMS 3 / AMRAAM-ER)~~ \| depth = ~~\| boost =~~ \| accuracy = \| launch_platform = ~~\| transport =~~ }} '''NASAMS (Norwegian Advanced Surface-to-Air Missile System''', disebut juga '''National Advanced Surface-to-Air Missile System'''<ref>{{Cite web\|date=September 2022\|title=National Advanced Surface-to-Air Missile System (NASAMS)\|url=https://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/defense-systems/national-advanced-surface-to-air-missile-system-nasams/\|website=[[Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance]]}}</ref>) merupakan sistem pertahanan udara di darat yang saling terintergrasi dengan jangkauan dekat hingga menengah dan dikembangkan oleh [[Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace]] (KDA) dan [[Raytheon Missile Systems\|Raytheon Missile & Defense]].<ref name="brochure">{{cite web\|date=September 2022\|title=NASAMS Air Defence System\|url=https://www.kongsberg.com/globalassets/kongsberg-defence--aerospace/2.-what-we-do/1.3-defence--security/intergrated-air-and-missile-defence/luftvern-final_september-2022_web.pdf\|publisher=Kongsberg}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=nasams\|url=http://www.raytheonmissilesanddefense.com/what-we-do/missile-defense/air-and-missile-defense-systems/nasams\|website=www.raytheonmissilesanddefense.com\|language=en\|access-date=2022-04-07}}</ref> Sistem ini mampu menghadapi [[pesawat nirawak]] (PTTA/UAV), helikopter, [[Peluru kendali jelajah\|rudal jelajah]], [[pesawat tempur nirawak]] (UCAV), dan pesawat sayap tetap lainnya.<ref name="brochure" /> '''NASAMS (''Norwegian Advanced Surface-to-Air Missile System'')''' merupakan sistem [[pertahanan udara]] jarak menengah. Sistem ini berguna untuk menangkis ancaman udara jarak medium seperti [[pesawat terbang]], [[UAV]] dan [[peluru kendali]]. Peluru kendalinya sendiri bernama [[SLAMRAAM]] (Surfaced Launched AMRAAM).<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.kongsberg.com/en/kds/products/groundbasedairdefencesystems/nasams/\|title=NASAMS - Surface Launched AMRAAM \|author= \|publisher=kongsberg.com \|accessdate=21 December 2015}}</ref> NASAMS menjadi model penerapan pertama penggunaan rudal AIM-120 AMRAAM dari darat. NASAMS 2 merupakan varian lanjut yang mampu menggunakan [[Link 16 (Tautan data taktis)\|Link 16]] dan telah beroperasi semenjak tahun 2007. Hingga 2022, NASAMS 3 merupakan varian mutakhir. Mulai digunakan aktif pada tahun 2019, dengan kemampuan dapat menembakkan rudal [[AIM-9 Sidewinder\|AIM-9X Sidewinder]], [[IRIS-T\|IRIS-T SL]], AMRAAM-ER, serta memperkenalkan peluncur fleksibel yang dapat diangkut melalui jalur udara. NASAMS telah memiliki interoperabilitas dengan sistem pertahanan udara dengan jangkauan lebih jauh layaknya [[MIM-104 Patriot]].<ref>{{Cite web\|title=NASAMS Air Defence System\|url=https://www.kongsberg.com/no/kda/what-we-do/defence-and-security/integrated-air-and-missile-defence/nasams-air-defence-system/\|website=Kongsberg\|access-date=October 17, 2022}}</ref> Sistem ini diproduksi oleh [[Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace]] ([[Norwegia]]) bersama [[Raytheon]] ([[Amerika Serikat]]). Kontrak produksi pertama NASAMS dilakukan tahun 1994 oleh Angkatan Udara Norwegia yang mulai dioperasikan tahun 1995 bersama [[Bofors 40 mm\|Bofors L70]] dan [[RBS 70\|RBS 70 MANPADS]]. ~~'''NASAMS 2''' merupakan versi terbarunya dan beroperasi sejak tahun 2007.~~ == Spesifikasi == Baris 113 ⟶ 72: Perhatikan bahwa jarak untuk AAM diperkirakan untuk pertemuan langsung pesawat yang bergerak cepat di ketinggian, dan jarak tersebut secara signifikan menjadi lebih pendek ketika rudal yang sama diluncurkan dari platform darat yang tidak bergerak. Dimensi lebih lanjut untuk sistem rudal darat yang diluncurkan adalah jangkauan ketinggian maksimumnya, yang menurut aturan praktis adalah sepertiga dari jangkauan horizontal maksimumnya. == ~~Operator~~Pengguna == [[File:NASAMS_operators.svg\|pra=https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/File:NASAMS_operators.svg\|jmpl\|350x350px\|{{legend\|#55ddff\|Pengguna NASAMS 1}} {{legend\|#0088aa\|Pengguna NASAMS 2}} {{legend\|#0044aa\|Pengguna NASAMS 3}} {{legend\|#ff6600\|Menunggu Kedatangan}}]] ~~[[Berkas:NASAMS operators.png\|jmpl\|400px\|Peta operator NASAMS berwarna biru gelap, sedangkan NASAMS 2 berwarna merah]]~~ === Pengguna aktif === * '''{{USA}}''' – Digunakan dengan AN/TWQ-1 Avenger dalam menjaga objek vital dan [[Washington, D.C.\|Washington D.C.]]<ref>{{cite news\|author=Marc Ambinder\|date=2015-04-16\|title=The futuristic air defense system of Washington, D.C. was defeated by a postman\|url=http://theweek.com/articles/549964/futuristic-air-defense-system-washington-dc-defeated-by-postman\|work=The Week\|access-date=2021-01-29}}</ref><ref name="kongsberg_brochure">{{cite web\|title=NASAMS Air Defence System – brochure\|url=https://www.kongsberg.com/~/media/KDS/Files/Products/Air%20Defense%20Systems/Brochures/NASAMS_September%202015_Screen_Small.ashx\|website=www.kongsberg.com\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314213138/https://www.kongsberg.com/~/media/KDS/Files/Products/Air%20Defense%20Systems/Brochures/NASAMS_September%202015_Screen_Small.ashx\|archive-date=14 March 2017\|access-date=30 July 2018\|url-status=dead}}</ref> * '''{{Flag\|Australia}}''' – Kontrak senilai A$2,5 milyar untuk NASAMS 3 ditandatangani pada Maret 2017.<ref>{{cite web\|last1=LaPorta\|first1=James\|date=8 November 2017\|title=Raytheon, Australia ink first deal for ground-based air defense system\|url=https://www.upi.com/Raytheon-Australia-ink-first-deal-for-ground-based-air-defense-system/7441510153227\|website=UPI\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117122655/https://www.upi.com/Raytheon-Australia-ink-first-deal-for-ground-based-air-defense-system/7441510153227/\|archive-date=17 November 2017\|access-date=25 March 2019\|url-status=live}}</ref> Dirakit secara lokal oleh Raytheon Australia dan akan menggantikan sistem [[RBS 70\|RBS-70]] yang aktif di lapangan.<ref>{{cite web\|last1=Kerr\|first1=Julian\|date=25 March 2019\|title=Australian NASAMS to integrate locally designed active phased-array radars\|url=https://www.janes.com/article/87420/australian-nasams-to-integrate-locally-designed-active-phased-array-radars\|website=Jane's 360\|location=Sydney\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325201422/https://www.janes.com/article/87420/australian-nasams-to-integrate-locally-designed-active-phased-array-radars\|archive-date=25 March 2019\|access-date=25 March 2019\|url-status=live}}</ref> Australia menerima sistem pertama di tahun 2022.<ref>{{cite web\|date=7 June 2022\|title=First NASAMS Mk2 cannister launchers arrive in Australia\|url=https://adbr.com.au/first-nasams-mk2-cannister-launchers-arrive-in-australia/\|website=Australian Defence Business Review\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930123922/https://adbr.com.au/first-nasams-mk2-cannister-launchers-arrive-in-australia/\|archive-date=30 September 2022\|access-date=30 September 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> * '''{{NLD}}''' – Dua sistem di tahun 2006, terdiri dari 1 pusat kendali tembak, 1 radar AN/MPQ-64M2, dan 3 peluncur, serta juga radar pencarian Hensoldt TRLM-3D/32.<ref>{{cite web\|date=7 October 2015\|title=Army Ground Based Air Defence System\|url=https://www.defensie.nl/onderwerpen/materieel/bewapening/army-ground-based-air-defence-system-agbads\|website=www.defensie.nl\|language=nl\|access-date=30 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|date=6 December 2006\|title=Air defence contract with the Netherlands\|url=https://www.ksat.no/en/kds/news/2006/december/1206airdefencecontractnetherlands/\|website=www.ksat.no\|access-date=30 July 2018}}</ref> * '''{{CHI}}''' – Telah dipesan pada tahun 2011.<ref>{{cite web\|date=10 October 2011\|title=Чили получит норвежские зенитные комплексы NASAMS\|url=https://lenta.ru/news/2011/10/10/nasams/\|website=lenta.ru\|language=ru\|access-date=30 July 2018}}</ref> * '''{{FIN}}''' * '''{{HUN}}''' – Telah dipesan pada November 2020 dengan kontrak senilai US$1 milyar, dengan kontrak tambahan 60 unit rudal AMRAAM C7/C8 senilai US$230 juta.<ref>{{cite web\|date=2020-11-23\|title=Controversial agreement in box: Replaces Soviet Kub air defense with Norwegian-developed Nasams\|url=https://www.tu.no/artikler/omstridt-avtale-i-boks-bytter-ut-sovjetisk-kub-luftvern-med-norskutviklet-nasams/503131\|website=tu.no\|language=no\|access-date=2021-01-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=Hungary to order AMRAAM-ER\|url=https://www.dsca.mil/major-arms-sales/hungary-advanced-medium-range-air-air-missiles-extended-range-amraam-er\|website=dsca.mil}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-11-19\|title=magyarnemzet.hu – NASAMS légvédelmi rakétarendszert kap a Magyar Honvédség\|url=https://magyarnemzet.hu/belfold/2020/11/nasams-legvedelmi-raketarendszert-kap-a-magyar-honvedseg}}</ref> Dua sistem pertama diterima di tahun 2023, dimana sisanya akan diterima pada pertengahan tahun 2024.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=https://magyarnemzet.hu/belfold/2023/10/a-legmodernebb-legvedelmi-raketakkal-ujitott-a-honvedseg\|url=https://magyarnemzet.hu/belfold/2023/10/a-legmodernebb-legvedelmi-raketakkal-ujitott-a-honvedseg}}</ref> * '''{{Flag\|Indonesia}}''' – Dua sistem NASAMS 2 diterima dan aktif digunakan mulai tahun 2020.<ref>{{cite web\|date=2020-11-16\|title=Indonesia receives, deploys first NASAMS 2 air defense system\|url=https://www.asiapacificdefensejournal.com/2020/11/indonesia-receives-deploys-first-nasams_16.html\|website=asiapacificdefensejournal.com\|access-date=2021-01-29}}</ref> * '''{{LTU}}''' – Dua sistem NASAMS 3 diterima di tahun 2020,<ref>{{cite web\|last=Rupšys\|first=Valdemaras\|date=10 June 2020\|title=Military chief: Lithuanian air defence system reached a new level\|url=https://www.lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/1196274/kariuomenes-vadas-lietuvos-oro-gynybos-sistema-pasieke-nauja-lygi\|website=Lithuanian National Radio and Television\|access-date=19 September 2022}}</ref> masing-masing dengan empat peluncur sebagai bagian dari kontrak senilai US$128 juta.<ref>{{cite web\|date=30 October 2020\|title=NASAMS III lands in Lithuania\|url=https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/landwarfareintl/nasams-iii-lands-lithuania/\|website=Shephard Media\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630152728/https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/landwarfareintl/nasams-iii-lands-lithuania/\|archive-date=30 June 2022\|access-date=27 June 2022\|url-status=live}}</ref> Pesanan tambahan senilai €200 juta pada Desember 2023.<ref>{{cite web\|date=14 December 2023\|title=Lithuania signs €200m deal on new NASAMS air defence system\|url=https://www.lrt.lt/en/news-in-english/19/2150279/lithuania-signs-eur200m-deal-on-new-nasams-air-defence-system\|website=LRT\|access-date=14 December 2023}}</ref> * '''{{NOR}}''' – Sistem NASAMS 2 dan NASAMS 3.<ref name="kongsberg_brochure" /> * '''{{OMN}}''' – Telah dipesan pada Januari 2014 dengan kontrak senilai US$1,28 milyar.<ref>{{cite web\|date=5 May 2014\|title=Oman to spend more\|url=http://www.janes.com/article/37408/oman-to-spend-more\|website=janes.com\|publisher=IHS Janes\|access-date=30 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|date=23 January 2014\|title=Raytheon Receives Contract for Ground Based Air Defense System for Oman\|url=http://investor.raytheon.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=84193&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1893112\|website=investor.raytheon.com\|access-date=30 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|title=NASAMS Air Defence System\|url=https://www.kongsberg.com/globalassets/kongsberg-defence--aerospace/2.1.-products/defence-and-security/integrated-air-and-missile-defence/nasams-air-defence-system/NASAMS-Brochure.pdf\|publisher=Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace\|access-date=11 July 2022}}</ref> * '''{{ESP}}''' – Empat sistem NASAMS 2 telah diterima pada tahun 2003.<ref name="kongsberg_brochure" /><ref name="11 November 2008">{{cite web\|title=Spanish Army Conducts Successful NASAMS Live-Fire Exercise\|url=http://www.defense-aerospace.com/articles-view/release/3/99591/spanish-army-conducts-nasams-live_fire-exercise.html\|website=www.defense-aerospace.com\|access-date=30 July 2018}}</ref> * '''{{UKR}}''' – === Pengguna mendatang === === ~~Operator~~Pengguna potensial ===▼ * {{USA}} – Amerika Serikat menggunakan NASAMS untuk melindungi wilayah udara di Washington DC, saat pelantikan Presiden AS tahun 2005. NASAMS juga melindungi wilayah udara gedung putih.<ref>[http://theweek.com/articles/549964/futuristic-air-defense-system-washington-dc-defeated-by-postman] The Week, 16 April 2015</ref> * {{NOR}} - Agustus 2005, Perusahaan Kongsberg Norwegia mendapatkan kontrak untuk Angkatan Udara Norwegia, untuk menyuplai Tactical datalink (Link 16) untuk NASAMS, agar sistem pertahanan ini bisa sepenuhnya diintegrasikan dengan jaringan sistem pertahanan NATO. * {{ESP}} - Spanyol memesan 4 sistem NASAMS tahun 2003 untuk angkatan darat mereka. * {{CHI}} – Dipakai sejak 2013. * {{FIN}} - <ref>[http://www.yle.fi/uutiset/news/2009/04/government_buying_radar_and_missile_system_worth_over_eur_500_million_713440.html Finland acquire NASAMS and radar system for 500 million eur April 28, 2009]</ref> * {{NLD}} - Desember 2006, Angkatan Darat Belanda memesan 6 sistem NASAMS II. Sistem tersebut dikombinasikan dengan radar mobile surveillance EADS TRML-3D yang mulai dikirim tahun 2009. ~~<!--{{RUS}} - NASAMS II beroperasi di Angkatan Udara Rusia Juli 2007. -->~~ ▲=== Operator potensial === * {{OMN}} (dipesan){{cn\|date=May 2018}} * {{LTU}} – Menteri pertahanan Lithuania mengumumkan bahwa Lithuania memesan 2 baterai (4 peluncur).<ref>{{cite web\|last1=Adamowski\|first1=Jaroslaw\|title=Lithuania to acquire Boxer vehicles, howitzers, NASAMS\|url=http://www.defensenews.com/articles/lithuania-to-acquire-boxer-vehicles-howitzers-nasams\|website=Defense News\|accessdate=10 March 2017\|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20170310232039/http://www.defensenews.com/articles/lithuania-to-acquire-boxer-vehicles-howitzers-nasams\|archivedate=10 March 2017\|date=10 March 2017}}</ref> * {{Flag\|Australia}} – Menteri pertahanan Australia [[Marise Payne]] mengumumkan pengijinan pertama untuk proyek ini pada 10 April 2017.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.janes.com/article/69475/nasams-selected-for-australian-army-gbad-system\|title=NASAMS selected for Australian Army GBAD system\|last=\|first=\|date=11 April 2017\|website=IHS Jane's 360\|archive-url=\|archive-date=\|dead-url=\|access-date=12 April 2017}}</ref> NASAMS di Australia akan dibuat menggunakan komponen buatan lokal dan dipasang diatas [[Hawkei]].<ref>https://www.upi.com/Raytheon-Australia-ink-first-deal-for-ground-based-air-defense-system/7441510153227/</ref> * {{Flag\|Indonesia}} – [[Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Udara]] memesan sistem ini pada Oktober 2017. Dan sudah operasional sejak tahun 2020.<ref>{{cite web\|last=Chuanren\|first=Chen\|url=https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2017-11-01/indonesia-buys-norwegian-sam-system\|title=Indonesia Buys Norwegian SAM System\|work=AIN Online\|date=1 November 2017\|accessdate=8 November 2017}}</ref><ref>[http://www.janes.com/article/75322/lithuania-indonesia-sign-for-nasams] "Lithuania, Indonesia sign for NASAMS" Robin Hughes – IHS Jane's Missiles & Rockets, 31 October 2017</ref> === Tawaran gagal === [[Berkas:NASAMS II E.T..JPG\|jmpl\|300px\|NASAMS di parade militer di Spanyol]]

NASAMS: Perbedaan antara revisi