Nitrofurantoin: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Nitrofurantoin''' adalah [[antibiotik]] yang digunakan untuk mencegah dan juga mengatasi kejadian [[Infeksi saluran kemih|infeksi kandung kemih]], namun obat ini kurang efektif untuk mengatasi [[Pielonefritis akut|infeksi ginjal]] . <ref name="AHFS2015">{{Cite web|title=Nitrofurantoin|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707224038/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|archive-date=2015-07-07|access-date=Aug 1, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="BNF82">{{Cite book|date=September 2021 - March 2022|title=[[British National Formulary|British National Formulary (BNF)]]|location=London|publisher=BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press|isbn=978-0-85711-413-6|edition=82|pages=534-535|chapter=5. Infection}}</ref> Rute pemberian obati ini digunakan secara oral mulut. <ref name="AHFS2015">{{cite web|title=Nitrofurantoin|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate=Aug 1, 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707224038/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|archivedate=2015-07-07}}</ref>

Kejadian efek samping yang umum terjadi pada penggunaan obat ini seperti rasa mual, kehilangan nafsu makan, [[diare]], dan [[sakit kepala]] . <ref name="AHFS2015">{{Cite web|title=Nitrofurantoin|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707224038/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|archive-date=2015-07-07|access-date=Aug 1, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Efek samping berat yang bisa terjadi namun, jarang terjadi yakni [[Neuropati perifer|mati rasa]], gangguan paru-paru, atau masalah hepar. <ref name="AHFS2015">{{cite web|title=Nitrofurantoin|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate=Aug 1, 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707224038/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|archivedate=2015-07-07}}</ref> Obat ini tidak direkomendasikan untuk digunakan pada orang dengan gangguan ginjal. <ref name="AHFS2015">{{cite web|title=Nitrofurantoin|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate=Aug 1, 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707224038/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|archivedate=2015-07-07}}</ref> Walaupun secara umum aman selama kehamilan, obat ini tidak direkomendasikan untuk digunakan menjelang persalinan. <ref name="AHFS2015">{{cite web|title=Nitrofurantoin|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate=Aug 1, 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707224038/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|archivedate=2015-07-07}}</ref> <ref name="TGA2014">{{Cite web|date=3 March 2014|title=Prescribing medicines in pregnancy database|url=http://www.tga.gov.au/hp/medicines-pregnancy.htm#.U1Yw8Bc3tqw|website=Australian Government|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408040902/http://www.tga.gov.au/hp/medicines-pregnancy.htm#.U1Yw8Bc3tqw|archive-date=8 April 2014|access-date=22 April 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Obat ini memiliki mekanisme kerja dengan memperlambat pertumbuhan bakteri, selain itu obat ini mampu menyebabkan kematian bakteri pada konsentrasi tinggi yang bisa ditemukan dalam urine. <ref name="AHFS2015">{{cite web|title=Nitrofurantoin|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|accessdate=Aug 1, 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707224038/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/nitrofurantoin.html|archivedate=2015-07-07}}</ref>