Pengambilalihan Twitter oleh Elon Musk: Perbedaan antara revisi
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|translation = Aku membuat penawaran<br />{{URL|https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001418091/000110465922045641/tm2212748d1_sc13da.htm|https://sec.gov/Archives/edgar...}}
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Pada tanggal 14 April, Musk mengajukan penawaran yang tidak diminta dan tidak mengikat kepada Twitter untuk membeli perusahaan tersebut dengan harga $43 miliar, atau $54,20 per lembar saham, dan menjadikannya milik pribadi.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Turner |first1=Giles |last2=Adler |first2=Maxwell |date=14 April 2022 |title=Elon Musk Makes $43 Billion Unsolicited Bid to Take Twitter Private |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-14/elon-musk-launches-43-billion-hostile-takeover-of-twitter |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414103558/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-14/elon-musk-launches-43-billion-hostile-takeover-of-twitter |archive-date=14 April 2022 |access-date=8 Mei 2023 |publisher=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref> Meskipun tawaran tersebut diajukan kepada manajemen perusahaan, tawaran tersebut digambarkan sebagai upaya pengambilalihan yang tidak bersahabat karena adanya ancaman tersirat untuk membeli saham yang beredar jika manajemen menolaknya.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Frater |first=Patrick |date=14 April 2022 |title=Elon Musk Launches $43 Billion Hostile Takeover Bid for Twitter |url=https://variety.com/2022/digital/news/elon-musk-offering-to-buy-twitter-1235232598/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414135821/https://variety.com/2022/digital/news/elon-musk-offering-to-buy-twitter-1235232598/ |archive-date=14 April 2022 |access-date=8 Mei 2023 |magazine=[[Variety (majalah)|Variety]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gilbert |first=Ben |date=23 April 2022 |title=Elon Musk is attempting a hostile takeover of Twitter. Here's how that could work. |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-twitter-hostile-takeover-how-it-works-2022-4 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423130653/https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-twitter-hostile-takeover-how-it-works-2022-4 |archive-date=23 April 2022 |access-date=8 Mei 2023 |website=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> Dewan menjawab bahwa mereka akan "meninjau proposal tersebut dengan hati-hati".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subin |first=Samantha |date=14 April 2022 |title=Elon Musk offers to buy Twitter for $43 billion, so it can be 'transformed as private company' |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/04/14/elon-musk-offers-to-buy-twitter-for-54point20-a-share-saying-it-needs-to-be-transformed-as-private-company.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414102249/https://www.cnbc.com/2022/04/14/elon-musk-offers-to-buy-twitter-for-54point20-a-share-saying-it-needs-to-be-transformed-as-private-company.html |archive-date= 14 April 2022 |access-date=8 Mei 2023 |publisher=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> Dalam sebuah wawancara [[TED (konferensi)|TED]], Musk mengatakan bahwa ia bertujuan untuk menjadikan Twitter sebagai "platform untuk [[kebebasan berbicara]] di seluruh dunia", menyebut kebebasan berbicara sebagai "keharusan sosial sebagai sebuah fungsi demokrasi" dan bersikeras bahwa ia tidak melakukan penawaran tersebut untuk meningkatkan kekayaannya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sato |first=Mia |date=14 April 2022 |title=Buying Twitter 'is not a way to make money,' says Musk in TED interview |url=https://www.theverge.com/2022/4/14/23025343/elon-musk-twitter-takeover-ted-talk-quote-stock-buyout |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414173256/https://www.theverge.com/2022/4/14/23025343/elon-musk-twitter-takeover-ted-talk-quote-stock-buyout |archive-date=14 April 2022 |access-date=8 Mei 2023 |website=[[The Verge]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Robertson |first=Adi |date=15 April 2022 |title=What Elon Musk's Twitter 'free speech' promises miss |url=https://www.theverge.com/2022/4/15/23025120/elon-musk-twitter-free-speech-government-censorship |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220415120343/https://www.theverge.com/2022/4/15/23025120/elon-musk-twitter-free-speech-government-censorship |archive-date=15 April 2022 |access-date=8 Mei 2023|website=[[The Verge]]}}</ref> Para kritikus mencatat bahwa ia lebih tertarik untuk mengubah kebijakan [[Moderasi konten|moderasi]] Twitter daripada melawan penyensoran pemerintah.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Milmo |first=Dan |date=14 April 2022 |title=How 'free speech absolutist' Elon Musk would transform Twitter |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/apr/14/how-free-speech-absolutist-elon-musk-would-transform-twitter |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220427005844/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/apr/14/how-free-speech-absolutist-elon-musk-would-transform-twitter |archive-date=27 April 2022 |access-date=8 Mei 2023 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Menurut ''[[The Washington Post]]'', pelarangan akun-akun seperti ''{{ill|The Babylon Bee|en|The Babylon Bee}}'' telah mendorong Musk untuk melakukan akuisisi.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Zakrzewski |first1=Cat |last2=Siddiqui |first2=Faiz |last3=Menn |first3=Joseph |date=22 November 2022 |title=Musk's 'free speech' agenda dismantles safety work at Twitter, insiders say |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/22/elon-musk-twitter-content-moderations/ |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122180848/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/22/elon-musk-twitter-content-moderations/ |archive-date=22 November 2023 |access-date=8 Mei 2023 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Harga $54,20 per lembar saham diyakini sebagai referensi untuk [[420 (budaya ganja)|420]], sebuah istilah gaul dalam [[budaya ganja]] untuk [[konsumsi ganja]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Copeland |first1=Rob |last2=Elliott |first2=Rebecca |last3=Lombardo |first3=Cara |date=14 April 2022 |title=Elon Musk Makes $43 Billion Bid for Twitter, Says 'Civilization' At Stake |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/elon-musk-offers-to-buy-rest-of-twitter-for-54-20-a-share-11649932296 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=
Pada tanggal 15 April, dewan direksi Twitter mengumumkan strategi "[[Rencana hak pemegang saham|pil racun]]", yang memungkinkan para pemegang saham untuk membeli saham tambahan jika terjadi pengambilalihan yang tidak bersahabat; rencana tersebut akan berakhir pada tanggal 14 April 2023.<ref name=":1" /> Pada tanggal 17 April, Taylor didesak oleh pemegang saham institusional terbesar Twitter untuk "mempertimbangkan secara serius" tawaran tersebut.<ref name="Timeline" /> Pada tanggal 20 April, Musk mengungkapkan bahwa ia telah mendapatkan pembiayaan yang disediakan oleh sekelompok bank yang dipimpin oleh [[Morgan Stanley]], [[Bank of America]], [[Barclays]], [[MUFG]], [[Société Générale]], [[Mizuho Bank]], dan [[BNP Paribas]], untuk penawaran tender yang potensial guna mengakuisisi perusahaan.<ref name="Levine">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Matt |author-link=Matt Levine (kolumnis) |date=21 April 2022 |title=Elon Got His Money |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2022-04-21/elon-got-his-money |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422035052/https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2022-04-21/elon-got-his-money |archive-date=22 April 2022 |access-date=8 Mei 2023|publisher=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Spangler |first=Todd |date=21 April 2022 |title=Elon Musk Secures $46.5 Billion in Financing for Potential Twitter Takeover |url=https://variety.com/2022/digital/news/elon-musk-financing-twitter-takeover-1235237779/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421140305/https://variety.com/2022/digital/news/elon-musk-financing-twitter-takeover-1235237779/ |archive-date=21 April 2022 |access-date=8 Mei 2023 |magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> Pendanaan tersebut mencakup $7 miliar [[Senior debt|pinjaman bank dengan jaminan senior]]; $6 miliar dalam bentuk [[utang subordinas]]i; $6,25 miliar dalam bentuk pinjaman bank kepada Musk secara pribadi, yang dijamin dengan $62,5 miliar saham Tesla miliknya; $20 miliar dalam bentuk ekuitas tunai dari Musk, yang akan diberikan melalui penjualan saham Tesla dan aset-aset lainnya; serta $7,1 miliar dalam bentuk ekuitas dari 19 investor independen.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Isaac |first1=Mike |last2=Hirsch |first2=Lauren |date=25 April 2022 |title=With Deal for Twitter, Musk Lands a Prize and Pledges Fewer Limits |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/25/technology/musk-twitter-sale.html?searchResultPosition=19 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220427044712/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/25/technology/musk-twitter-sale.html?searchResultPosition=19 |archive-date=27 April 2022 |access-date=8 Mei 2023 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=MacMillan |first1=Douglas |last2=Siddiqui |first2=Faiz |last3=Lerman |first3=Rachel |last4=Telford |first4=Taylor |date=25 April 2022 |title=Elon Musk acquires Twitter for roughly $44 billion |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/04/25/twitter-elon-musk-deal/ |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425201853/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/04/25/twitter-elon-musk-deal/ |archive-date=25 April 2022 |access-date=8 Mei 2023 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |issn=0190-8286}}</ref><ref name="Feuer">{{Cite news |last=Feuer |first=Will |date=5 Mei 2022 |title=Elon Musk Gets $7 Billion in Fresh Financing for Twitter Deal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/elon-musk-gets-7-billion-in-fresh-financing-for-twitter-deal-11651748316 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505110437/https://www.wsj.com/articles/elon-musk-gets-7-billion-in-fresh-financing-for-twitter-deal-11651748316 |archive-date=5 Mei 2022 |access-date=8 Mei 2023 |newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |issn=0099-9660}}</ref>
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=== Pengumuman akuisisi ===
Pada tanggal 23 April, Musk memberi tahu Taylor bahwa tawarannya adalah yang "terbaik dan final", mendesaknya untuk menerimanya dalam sebuah surat yang dikirim keesokan harinya.<ref name="Timeline" /> Beberapa media kemudian melaporkan bahwa Twitter sedang dalam negosiasi akhir untuk menerima tawaran Musk,<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Baker |first1=Liana |last2=Davis |first2=Michelle F. |date=25 April 2022 |title=Twitter Eyes Deal With Musk as Soon as Monday |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-25/twitter-said-on-track-to-reach-deal-with-musk-as-soon-as-monday-l2en88t0 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425124042/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-25/twitter-said-on-track-to-reach-deal-with-musk-as-soon-as-monday-l2en88t0 |archive-date=25 April 2022 |access-date=9 Mei 2023 |publisher=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Hirsch |first1=Lauren |last2=Isaac |first2=Mike |last3=Conger |first3=Kate |date=24 April 2022 |title=Twitter Nears a Deal to Sell Itself to Elon Musk |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/24/technology/twitter-board-elon-musk.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425134122/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/24/technology/twitter-board-elon-musk.html |archive-date=25 April 2022 |access-date=9 Mei 2023 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> dengan kesepakatan yang diharapkan akan tercapai keesokan harinya,<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Lombardo |first1=Cara |last2=Cimilluca |first2=Dana |date=24 April 2022 |title=Twitter, Elon Musk Deal Could Be Announced Monday |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/twitter-re-examines-elon-musks-bid-may-be-more-receptive-to-a-deal-11650822932 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/
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