Vaginismus: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Vaginismus''' adalah salah satu jenis gangguan nyeri seksual. Ciri utamanya adalah [[kontraksi otot]] pada bagian [[vagina]] ketika bersenggaman atau ketika vagina mengalami aktivitas penetrasi lain, seperti misalnya penggunaan tampon, atau spekulum saat pemeriksaan medis.<ref name="Fer2016">{{cite book|last1=Ferri|first1=Fred F.|date=2016|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rRhCDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1330|title=Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017 E-Book: 5 Books in 1|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780323448383|page=1330}}</ref><ref name="Fer20162">{{cite book|last1=Ferri|first1=Fred F.|date=2016|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rRhCDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1330|title=Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017 E-Book: 5 Books in 1|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780323448383|page=1330}}</ref><ref name="NHS2018">{{cite web|date=2018-01-11|title=Vaginismus|url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaginismus/|website=NHS|access-date=15 October 2018}}</ref><ref name="Mer2013">{{cite web|date=April 2013|title=Vaginismus|url=https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/sexual-dysfunction-in-women/vaginismus|website=Merck Manuals Professional Edition|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118064127/https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/sexual-dysfunction-in-women/vaginismus|archive-date=18 January 2021|access-date=15 October 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Di banyak kasus, vaginismus terasa di saat melakukan hubungan seksual untuk pertama kali.<ref name="WebMD">{{cite web|last=Nazario|first=Brunilda, MD.|date=2012|title=Women's Health: Vaginismus|url=http://www.webmd.com/women/guide/vaginismus-causes-symptoms-treatments|website=WebMD|access-date=December 22, 2016}}</ref>
Penyebab vaginismus yang banyak ditemukan adalah ketakutan atau kekhawatiran terhadap munculnya rasa sakit saat berhubungan seksual.<ref name="Mer20132">{{cite web|date=April 2013|title=Vaginismus|url=https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/sexual-dysfunction-in-women/vaginismus|website=Merck Manuals Professional Edition|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118064127/https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/sexual-dysfunction-in-women/vaginismus|archive-date=18 January 2021|access-date=15 October 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Penyebab lain yang dapat menjadi penyebab timbulnya gangguan ini di antaranya adalah adanya pengalaman [[Serangan seksual|kekerasan seksual]], [[endometriosis]], [[vaginitis]], or a prior [[episiotomi]].<ref name="Fer20163">{{cite book|last1=Ferri|first1=Fred F.|date=2016|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rRhCDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1330|title=Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017 E-Book: 5 Books in 1|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780323448383|page=1330}}</ref> Diagnosa akan ditegakkan berdasarkan gejala yang ada dan juga pemeriksaan pelvis.<ref name="Fer20163" />
Penanganan gangguan ini dapat dilakukan dengan [[terapi perilaku]],<ref name="Mer20133">{{cite web|date=April 2013|title=Vaginismus|url=https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/sexual-dysfunction-in-women/vaginismus|website=Merck Manuals Professional Edition|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118064127/https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/sexual-dysfunction-in-women/vaginismus|archive-date=18 January 2021|access-date=15 October 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Fer20164">{{cite book|last1=Ferri|first1=Fred F.|date=2016|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rRhCDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1330|title=Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017 E-Book: 5 Books in 1|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780323448383|page=1330}}</ref> dan tindakan bedah atau operasi biasanya tidak diperlukan.<ref name="NHS20182">{{cite web|date=2018-01-11|title=Vaginismus|url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaginismus/|website=NHS|access-date=15 October 2018}}</ref> Penelitian lebih jauh mengenai penggunaan [[Racun botulinum|botox]] sebagai terapi kontraksi otot masih dilakukan.<ref name="Fer20164" /> Saat ini perkiraan mengenai seberapa sering gangguan ini terjadi pada perempuan masih beragam.<ref name="Lah2010">{{cite journal|last=Lahaie|first=MA|author2=Boyer, SC|author3=Amsel, R|author4=Khalifé, S|author5=Binik, YM|date=Sep 2010|title=Vaginismus: a review of the literature on the classification/diagnosis, etiology and treatment.|journal=Women's Health|volume=6|issue=5|pages=705–19|doi=10.2217/whe.10.46|pmid=20887170|doi-access=free}}</ref> Salah satu sumber menyatakan bahwa diperkirakan sekitar 0,5% perempuan mengalami gangguan ini.<ref name="Fer20164" /> Namun, perkiraan di dunia medis menyatakan bahwa 5-17% perempuan mengalami vaginismus.<ref name=":3">Lahaie M-A, Boyer SC, Amsel R, Khalifé S, Binik YM. Vaginismus: A Review of the Literature on the Classification/Diagnosis, Etiology and Treatment. Women’s Health. 2010;6(5):705-719. doi:10.2217/WHE.10.46</ref>
Vaginismus|[https://www.boxusmedia.com/2023/01/merasakan-nyeri-pada-miss-v-saat.html Jenis-jenis Vagimismus]]].<ref>{{Cite|url= https://www.boxusmedia.com/2023/01/merasakan-nyeri-pada-miss-v-saat.html title= Merasakan Nyeri Pada Miss V Saat Berhubungan Intim? Kenali Tanda Tanda Vaginismus|url-status=live}}</ref>
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