Kaledonia Baru: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler |
Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler |
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Baris 75:
Populasi Orang Polinesia dan Eropa secara bertahap meningkat, dikarenakan boomingnya nikel dari tahun [[1969]] sampai [[1972]], dan Melanesia menjadi minoritas, meskipun mereka masih kelompok etnis terbesar .<ref name="ncbrit">{{Britannica|411221|New Caledonia}}</ref> Antara tahun [[1976]] dan [[1988]], Kaledonia Baru mengesahkan lima undang-undang. Setiap undang -undang menjadi sumber ketidakpuasan dan gangguan yang serius,<ref name="ped"/> berpuncak pada tahun [[1988]] dengan kejadian berdarah yaitu penyanderaan di Ouvea. Perjanjian Matignon, yang ditandatangani pada [[26 Juni]] [[1988]], memastikan satu dekade kestabilitasan. [[Perjanjian Nouméa]] tertanggal [[5 Mei]] [[1998]], menetapkan dasar bagi transisi 20 tahun yang secara bertahap akan meningkatkan kompetensi kepada pemerintah daerah.<ref name="ped"/>
== Ekonomi ==
{{Main|Ekonomi di Kaledonia Baru}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="float:right; margin:15px"
|-
! Wilayah
! Total GDP, nominal, <br />2019 (miliar US$)
! GDP per kapita, <br />nominal, 2019 (US$)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Australia}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 1,386.64
| style="text-align:center;" | 54,255
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|New Zealand}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 211.04
| style="text-align:center;" | 42,329
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Hawaii}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 91.78
| style="text-align:center;" | 62,818
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Papua New Guinea}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 24.75
| style="text-align:center;" | 2,878
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|New Caledonia}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 9.44
| style="text-align:center;" | 34,780
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Guam}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 6.36
| style="text-align:center;" | 41,259
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|French Polynesia}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 6.01
| style="text-align:center;" | 21,615
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Fiji}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 5.50
| style="text-align:center;" | 6,143
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Solomon Islands}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 1.57
| style="text-align:center;" | 2,344
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Northern Mariana Islands}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 1.18
| style="text-align:center;" | 24,731
|-
| style="t.ext-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Vanuatu}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.93
| style="text-align:center;" | 3,187
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Samoa}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.85
| style="text-align:center;" | 4,323
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|American Samoa}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.65
| style="text-align:center;" | 12,928
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Tonga}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.51
| style="text-align:center;" | 5,101
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Micronesia}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.42
| style="text-align:center;" | 3,979
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Cook Islands}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.36
| style="text-align:center;" | 17,676
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Palau}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.27
| style="text-align:center;" | 15,675
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Marshall Islands}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.24
| style="text-align:center;" | 4,293
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Kiribati}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.18
| style="text-align:center;" | 1,514
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Nauru}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.12
| style="text-align:center;" | 9,365
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flagcountry|Tuvalu}}
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.05
| style="text-align:center;" | 5,052
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan=3| Sumber:<ref name="GDP"/><ref name="IMF">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/April/weo-report?c=193,819,826,867,868,836,196,565,853,862,813,866,869,846,&s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,&sy=2019&ey=2019&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=subject&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database – April 2022 |publisher=IMF |access-date=2022-05-13 |archive-date=13 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220513161532/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/April/weo-report?c=193,819,826,867,868,836,196,565,853,862,813,866,869,846,&s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,&sy=2019&ey=2019&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=subject&ds=.&br=1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ispf.pf/themes/EconomieFinances/Comptesconomiques.aspx |title=Les grands indicateurs des comptes économiques |publisher=Institut de la statistique de la Polynésie française (ISPF) |access-date=2022-02-01 |archive-date=14 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514113755/https://www.ispf.pf/themes/EconomieFinances/Comptesconomiques.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GDP by State |url=https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-state |publisher=[[Bureau of Economic Analysis]] (BEA) |access-date=2022-02-01 |archive-date=17 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817010902/https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-state |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bea.gov/sites/default/files/2021-11/guamgdp-120121.xlsx |title=Guam – Table 1.1. Gross Domestic Product |publisher=[[Bureau of Economic Analysis]] (BEA) |access-date=2022-02-01 |archive-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124205708/https://www.bea.gov/sites/default/files/2021-11/guamgdp-120121.xlsx |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bea.gov/sites/default/files/2021-11/asgdp-113021.xlsx |title=American Samoa – Table 1.1. Gross Domestic Product |publisher=[[Bureau of Economic Analysis]] (BEA) |access-date=2022-02-01 |archive-date=27 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127105923/https://www.bea.gov/sites/default/files/2021-11/asgdp-113021.xlsx |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bea.gov/sites/default/files/2021-04/cnmigdp-040621.xlsx |title=Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands – Table 1.1. Gross Domestic Product |publisher=[[Bureau of Economic Analysis]] (BEA) |access-date=2021-05-14 |archive-date=14 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514113742/https://www.bea.gov/sites/default/files/2021-04/cnmigdp-040621.xlsx |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mfem.gov.ck/images/documents/Statistics_Docs/1.Economic/1.National-Accounts/2021/GDP_Statistics_Tables_2102.xlsx |title=Table 1: Cook Islands Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices by Industry |publisher=Government of the Cook Islands – Ministry of Finance and Economic Management |access-date=2022-02-01 |archive-date=1 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201012900/http://www.mfem.gov.ck/images/documents/Statistics_Docs/1.Economic/1.National-Accounts/2021/GDP_Statistics_Tables_2102.xlsx |url-status=live }}</ref>
|}
== Politik ==
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