Metilkobalamin: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler Suntingan seluler lanjutan |
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler Suntingan seluler lanjutan |
||
Baris 1:
{{short description|Form of vitamin B12}}
{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 416418921
| IUPAC_name = karbanid; kobalt(3+);
| image = Methylcobalamin.png
| image2 = Mecobalamin 3D sticks.png
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename = Cobolmin
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|international|methylcobalamin}}
| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_category =
| legal_AU = <!-- Unscheduled / S2 / S3 / S4 / S5 / S6 / S7 / S8 / S9 -->
| legal_CA = <!-- / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->
| legal_UK = <!-- GSL / P / POM / CD / Class A, B, C -->
| legal_US = OTC
| legal_status =
| routes_of_administration = Oral, sublingual, [[injeksi]].
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability =
| protein_bound =
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life =
| excretion =
<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 13422-55-4
| ATC_prefix = B03
| ATC_suffix = BA05
| PubChem = 6436232
| ChemSpiderID = 29368587
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank =
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}}
| UNII = BR1SN1JS2W
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 1697757
| StdInChI=1S/C62H90N13O14P.CH3.Co/c1-29-20-39-40(21-30(29)2)75(28-70-39)57-52(84)53(41(27-76)87-57)89-90(85,86)88-31(3)26-69-49(83)18-19-59(8)37(22-46(66)80)56-62(11)61(10,25-48(68)82)36(14-17-45(65)79)51(74-62)33(5)55-60(9,24-47(67)81)34(12-15-43(63)77)38(71-55)23-42-58(6,7)35(13-16-44(64)78)50(72-42)32(4)54(59)73-56;;/h20-21,23,28,31,34-37,41,52-53,56-57,76,84H,12-19,22,24-27H2,1-11H3,(H15,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,71,72,73,74,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,85,86);1H3;/q;-1;+3/p-2
| StdInChIKey = ZFLASALABLFSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-L
| SMILES = [CH3-].CC1=CC2=C(C=C1C)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)OP(=O)([O-])OC(C)CNC(=O)CCC4(C(C5C6(C(C(C(=N6)C(=C7C(C(C(=N7)C=C8C(C(C(=N8)C(=C4[N-]5)C)CCC(=O)N)(C)C)CCC(=O)N)(C)CC(=O)N)C)CCC(=O)N)(C)CC(=O)N)C)CC(=O)N)C)O.[Co+3]
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=63 | H=91 | Co=1 | N=13 | O=14 | P=1
|drug_name=|alt=|caption=|type=|MedlinePlus=|licence_EU=|licence_US=}}
'''Metilkobalamin''' ('''mekobalamin''', MeCbl, atau MeB12) adalah sebuah [[kobalamin]], yakni suatu bentuk [[vitamin B12]]. Metilkobalamin berbeda dari [[sianokobalamin]] karena [[sianida|gugus siano]] pada [[kobalt]] diganti dengan [[gugus metil]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dXOPBMYIPcQC&pg=PA526 |title=Vitamins in animal and human nutrition | vauthors = McDowell LR |via=Booksgoogle.com|access-date=28 January 2018|isbn=978-0813826301 |date=2000 |publisher=Wiley }}</ref> Metilkobalamin memiliki pusat kobalt(III) oktahedral dan dapat diperoleh sebagai kristal merah terang.<ref name="MechB12" /> Dari perspektif kimia koordinasi, metilkobalamin terkenal sebagai contoh langka senyawa yang mengandung ikatan logam-[[alkil]]. Zat antara [[nikel]]-metil telah diusulkan untuk langkah terakhir [[metanogenesis]].
Baris 5 ⟶ 53:
Metilkobalamin juga digunakan dalam pengobatan [[neuropati perifer]], neuropati diabetik, dan sebagai pengobatan awal untuk [[sklerosis lateral amiotrofik]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.eisai.com/news/enews201535pdf.pdf |title= Eisai Submits New Drug Application for Mecobalamin Ultra-High Dose Preparation as Treatment for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Japan |website=Eisai.com |access-date=28 January 2018 }}</ref>
Metilkobalamin yang tertelan tidak digunakan secara langsung sebagai kofaktor, namun diubah terlebih dahulu oleh MMACHC menjadi kob(II)alamin. Kob(II)alamin kemudian diubah menjadi dua bentuk lainnya, adenosilkobalamin dan metilkobalamin untuk digunakan sebagai kofaktor. Artinya, metilkobalamin mula-mula didealkilasi dan kemudian diregenerasi.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kim J, Hannibal L, Gherasim C, Jacobsen DW, Banerjee R | title = A human vitamin B12 trafficking protein uses glutathione transferase activity for processing alkylcobalamins | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 284 | issue = 48 | pages = 33418–33424 | date = November 2009 | pmid = 19801555 | pmc = 2785186 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M109.057877 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hannibal L, Kim J, Brasch NE, Wang S, Rosenblatt DS, Banerjee R, Jacobsen DW | title = Processing of alkylcobalamins in mammalian cells: A role for the MMACHC (cblC) gene product | journal = Molecular Genetics and Metabolism | volume = 97 | issue = 4 | pages = 260–266 | date = August 2009 | pmid = 19447654 | pmc = 2709701 | doi = 10.1016/j.ymgme.2009.04.005 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Froese DS, Gravel RA | title = Genetic disorders of vitamin B₁₂ metabolism: eight complementation groups–eight genes | journal = Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine | volume = 12 | pages = e37 | date = November 2010 | pmid = 21114891 | pmc = 2995210 | doi = 10.1017/S1462399410001651 }}</ref>
| |||